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HVAC (pronounced either "H-V-A-C" or "H-vak") is an initialism or acronym that stands for "heating, ventilating, and air conditioning". HVAC is sometimes referred to as climate control and is particularly important in the design of medium to large industrial and office buildings such as skyscrapers and in marine environments such as aquariums, where humidity and temperature must all be closely regulated while maintaining safe and healthy conditions within. In certain regions (e.g., UK) the term "Building Services" is also used, but may also include plumbing and electrical systems. Refrigeration is sometimes added to the field's abbreviation as HVAC&R or HVACR, or ventilating is dropped as HACR (such as the designation of HACR-rated circuit breakers).

HVAC（暖通空调）代表采暖，通风，空气调节的英文首字母缩写。暖通空调，有时被认为是环境控制，在大中型工业建筑和办公楼如摩天大楼和水下环境如水族馆设计中尤为重要，为了保持内部的安全和健康环境，温度和湿度须严格控制。在某些地区，如英国，也称建筑设备，但是包括了电气和水泵系统。制冷有时也加入这个领域，称作HVAC&R 或 HVACR。去掉通风为HACR。（如HACR用断路器）

Heating, ventilating,and air conditioning is based on the principles of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer, and on inventions and discoveries made by Michael Faraday, Willis Carrier, Reuben Trane, James Joule, William Rankine, Sadi Carnot, and many others. The invention of the components of HVAC systems went hand-in-hand with the industrial revolution, and new methods of modernization, higher efficiency, and system control are constantly introduced by companies and inventors all over the world.

暖通空调是基于热力学，流体力学，传热学和法拉第，开利，特灵，焦耳，朗金，卡诺和其他科学家的发明和发现的学科。暖通系统的组成与工业革命共同发展，世界各地的公司和发明家不断推行现代化，高效率，系统控制等方法。

The three functions of heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning are closely interrelated. All seek to provide thermal comfort, acceptable indoor air quality, and reasonable installation, operation, and maintenance costs. HVAC systems can provide ventilation, reduce air infiltration, and maintain pressure relationships between spaces. How air is delivered to, and removed from spaces is known as room air distribution.

供热，通风，空气调节三个分支密切相关，都是为了提供热舒适，合格的空气品质以及合理的安装，运行和维修费用。暖通空调系统可提供通风，减少空气渗透，保持空间间的压力，送风和排风叫做室内气流组织分布。

In modern buildings the design, installation, and control systems of these functions are integrated into one or more HVAC systems. For very small buildings, contractors normally "size" and select HVAC systems and equipment. For larger buildings where required by law, "building services" designers and engineers, such as mechanical, architectural, or building services engineers analyze, design, and specify the HVAC systems, and specialty mechanical contractors build and commission them. In all buildings, building permits and code-compliance inspections of the installations are the norm.

在现代建筑中，设计，安装，和控制系统这些功能集成到一个或多个HVAC系统。对于其小建筑，承包商通常选型然后选择暖通系统和设备。对于较大建筑，按法律规定，建筑设备工程师和设计师，比如，机械，建筑，或者设备工程师分析，设计，确定暖通系统并由专业承包商进行施工。所有建筑中，建设许可证和是否符合规范已成为准则。

The HVAC industry is a worldwide enterprise, with career opportunities including operation and maintenance, system design and construction, equipment manufacturing and sales, and in education and research. The HVAC industry had been historically regulated by the manufacturers of HVAC equipment, but Regulating and Standards organizations such as ASHRAE, SMACNA, ACCA, Uniform Mechanical Code, International Mechanical Code, and AMCA have been established to support the industry and encourage high standards and achievement.

暖通空调行业是一个全球性行业，包括操作和维修，系统设计和施工，设备制造和销售，教育和研究等就业机会。暖通空调行业历来由暖通设备制造商管理，但已经建立管理和标准组织如如制冷与空调工程师学会， 美国金属散热和空调协会 ，英国特许公认会计师公会，统一机械标准协会，国际机械协会，美国通风空调协会来支持行业发展和鼓励高标准和高质量。