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http://www.lightreading.com/document.asp?doc_id=111308

http://www.sina.com.cn 2007年02月26日 00:47 新浪科技

　　导读：国外电信媒体Light Reading发表分析文章“T-Mobile Awards 3G Deals”，叙及美国移动运营商T-Mobile USA在2006年的3G网络招标部分情况。T-Mobile是欧洲老牌运营商德国电信的移动业务子公司，就营业额而言，德国电信在AT&T完成合并前是世界最大运营商。

　　2006年11月，爱立信、诺基亚两家北欧设备商最终胜出，分享27.5亿美元的巨额定单。除了两个赢家外，华为、北电等公司当时均参与竞标，并且投行瑞银华宝(UBS Warburg)在2006年初的报告分析，T-Mobile USA对华为的分布式基站技术颇为欣赏。华为在最后的报价阶段抱憾出局。

　　比照在欧洲首尝胜利果实，华为在北美市场仍罕有斩获，这家杰出企业的雄心一直徘徊在这块世界最重要市场边缘。此外，近年来国际巨头在价格上也与中国企业趋近，华为的技术优势在欧美市场亦相对削弱，北美征战之路漫漫，非强攻即下。

　　如同料想中的一样，爱立信和诺基亚分享了T-Mobile美国公司的3G网络订单。

　　2006年9月，T-Mobile USA的母公司——德国电信耗费42亿美元巨资获得了美国120个频段的AWS(高级无线服务)牌照，为网络的扩充打下频率资源的基础。而这次部署UMTS/3G网络将在未来三年间花费27.5亿美元，采用的技术是爱立信和诺基亚的HSPA。

　　“T-Mobile USA已经开始升级其GSM网络至3G，目前该公司在纽约的HSPA网络已经由爱立信完成部署。”雷曼兄弟(Lehman Brothers)分析师Jeff Kvaal指出，“Cingular Wireless(新浪科技注：美国AT&T旗下移动公司，今年1月更名为AT&T Wireless)、Sprint Nextel和Verizon Wireless的市场排名皆在T-Mobile USA之前，且均开展了HSPA或CDMA EV-DO服务，是为强劲对手；但是T-Mobile USA公司高管辩称此时部署3G，可以获得诸如廉价终端等成本优势。”

　　尽管如此，T-Mobile USA 27.5亿美元的设备投资还是要低于分析预期，原因之一是华为等企业入围3G网络合作者名单，与爱立信、诺基亚一同进入最后的报价程序。

　　“两家北欧公司具有地缘优势；此外，它们提供的价格也很有竞争力，以上两点使华为在报价阶段出局。”Jeff Kvaal分析。

　　Heavy Reading资深分析师Patrick Donegan称，T-Mobile不太可能真正给华为商业机会——一般而言，在成熟市场，UMTS运营商不会把大型合同授予华为，他们倾向华为做鲶鱼的角色，借此搅动一流移动设备供应商(Tier 1)就范。

　　但是也有例外，华为矢志赢取合同，获得了沃达丰的HSPA网络订单，在西班牙等发达地区有所突破。这是来自一流运营商(Tier 1，一般被形象地称作大T)订单的开始，华为的分布式基站获得肯定：无线通道与基带分离，能够最大限度地发挥现有GSM网络设备的作用，这一方案有效缩减了站址和功耗，华为并宣称它在该领域领先主要竞争对手一年。

　　尽管具有低成本方案以及价格优势，但华为面临的是非常强大的竞争对手——爱立信和诺基亚，前者是GSM和UMTS市场的领导者，后者则在收购了西门子通信后更具实力。

　　Unstrung Insider首席分析师、Light Reading的无线领域研究权威Gabriel Brown指出，爱立信和诺基亚也已经开发了自己的分布式以及标准组件的基站，前者的产品环境适应性奇强。“爱立信终究是爱立信，无人能在3G和无线接入市场领其翘楚。”他说。(长乐未央)

T-Mobile Awards 3G Deals

NOVEMBER 27, 2006

As anticipated, Ericsson AB (Nasdaq: ERIC - message board) and Nokia Corp. (NYSE: NOK - message board) have been chosen by T-Mobile USA to provide the infrastructure for its 3G network rollout. (See Ericsson Wins T-Mobile USA Deal and Nokia Wins Deal.)

The two Scandinavian firms had been earmarked as the most likely winning vendors after T-Mobile snapped up 120 new wireless spectrum licenses in September's AWS (Advanced Wireless Services) spectrum auction. Both vendors say their deals are "contingent upon the award of AWS spectrum to T-Mobile USA," an award that is expected soon from the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) . (See T-Mobile Confirms 3G Plans and Big Guns Dominate Spectrum Auction.)

T-Mobile USA's parent, German giant Deutsche Telekom AG (NYSE: DT - message board), which spent $4.2 billion winning the AWS licenses, has said it will spend 2.1 billion ($2.75 billion) on building out its UMTS/3G network over the next three years. The carrier will deploy the latest UMTS access infrastructure based on HSPA (high-speed packet access) technology from both vendors.

Lehman Brothers analyst Jeff Kvaal notes that T-Mobile USA has already started its network upgrade from GSM to 3G, with its New York deployment, part of Ericsson's contract, already well advanced. In 3G rollout, the carrier is behind some of its bigger rivals -- such as Cingular Wireless LLC , Sprint Nextel Corp. (NYSE: S - message board), and Verizon Wireless , but T-Mobile's management says timing of the launch may provide benefits such as cheaper handsets as well as cheaper infrastructure, says Kvaal. (See T-Mobile 3G Is Imminent.)

Even so, T-Mobile's capex of $2.75 billion is at the low end of what analysts had been expecting. One possible reason is that T-Mobile USA will have likely struck itself some very favorable terms with Ericsson and Nokia by including Chinese vendor Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. in the final stages of the RFP (request for proposal) and contract bidding process.

In a research note issued this morning, Kvaal said that "while strategically beneficial [to Ericsson and Nokia], given the size of the network build, we caution that the margin structure is likely to be very difficult in the early phases, as is common with greenfield builds. In addition, pricing has likely been competitive, as we understand the two incumbents beat Huawei in the bidding process."

It was unlikely that T-Mobile would have actually put any business Huawei's way, believes Heavy Reading senior analyst Patrick Donegan, a wireless infrastructure specialist. "In mature markets, generally speaking, UMTS operators are not interested in awarding large-scale deployments to Huawei. They continue to prefer to use Huawei as a stick with which to beat better terms and conditions out of the established Tier 1 mobile infrastructure vendors.”

There is the odd exception, though, as Huawei has managed to win a deal, albeit of an unspecified financial size, with Vodafone España S.A. for its HSPA rollout.

Huawei claims that success is just the first of many deals with Tier 1 mobile operators that are responding positively to its distributed Node B architecture. Huawei has basically separated the call handling and RF functions, with calls handled from a centralized point and the RF functions distributed in 1 RU-sized boxes. Huawei claims it is a year ahead of its competitors with this approach, which reduces site acquisition and power costs.

But even with that cost-conscious approach and its competitive pricing, Huawei is up against very strong incumbents in Ericsson, the global GSM and UMTS market leader, and Nokia, which will soon create an even more formidable rival when it forms a network equipment joint venture with Siemens Communications Group . (See Nokia, Siemens Get OK From EC.)

Gabriel Brown, chief analyst at Unstrung Insider, Light Reading's wireless research arm, notes that both Nokia and Ericsson have developed distributed, or modular, Node B equipment of their own, with Nokia's Flexi Base Station (BTS) scoring highly in a recent Insider report, "3G Base Station Design & Wireless Network Economics.” (See Cutting Costs in Wireless Networks and Base Stations Drive Wireless Economics.)

“With equipment now counting for less than half the typical cost of a cell site, there is increasing pressure on vendors to deliver product designs that minimize overall site costs,” says Brown. “Flexi BTS uses a modular design that plays on the 'zero-footprint' cell-site concept that helps reduce site costs such as leases, civil works, and power consumption.”

He also notes that Ericsson is tough to beat out under almost any circumstances. "Ericsson is just Ericsson –- no one can beat them on a 3G RAN [radio access network] contract if Ericsson wants to win it."

— Ray Le Maistre, International News Editor, Light Reading

文章引用自：http://tech.sina.com.cn/t/2007-02-26/00471389864.shtml