英语的读音规则,是学习口语英语应该了解的基本内容, 也是唱好英语歌必须掌握的发音技巧。不熟悉读音规则,就很难像英语母语使用者那样,进行自然、流利的口语表达;同时,也会直接影响听力的提高。初看英语原声影视者,大都有这样的经历:
明明字幕上的单词大部分都是自己知道的,但不看字幕时,就是听不清楚或听不明白。其中一个重要原因,
就是对英语的连读、不完全爆破的使用不熟悉而造成的。
英语歌曲里面连读、不完全爆破的使用,非常普遍。熟悉、练习好连读和不完全爆破,才能将歌曲唱得自然流畅、原汁原味,避免吞音或跟不上节拍的现象。因此,有必要对连读和不完全爆破最基本的规则和用法,有个了解。
连读技巧
1.
字尾辅音+字首元音(“异性相吸”):在意思密切相关的一组词中,如果前一个词以辅音结尾,后一个词以元音开头,这两个词有时可以连起来读,这种现象叫连读。用符号“◡”表示。
-
Five◡of◡us
got◡up
late.
-
I’ll be back◡in
half◡an◡hour.
-
Have◡a
look◡at◡it,
please.
-
What◡about◡you?
2.
字尾r音+字首元音:单词末尾有字母“r”或“re”的词,在短语或句子中和以字首元音开始的词相邻时,
“r”或“re”要读作[r],和后面的元音连读。
-
My friend comes from◡a
country far◡away.
-
I will keep my promise for◡ever.
-
There◡are
five◡of◡us.
-
There◡is
no school today.
3.
辅音+半元音[j]:
如果前一个词是以辅音结尾,后一个词是以半元音[j]:开头,需要连读。
-
Nice to meet◡you.
-
Did◡you
see him?
-
Would◡you
like◡a
cup◡of
coffee?
-
I’ll miss◡you.
-
Has◡your…?
不完全爆破技巧
1. 辅音+辅音- 同性相排斥
-
I don’t know
what
to do.
-
I’d like
to try on that shirt.
-
Some can even make
me cry just like
before.
-
Those◡old melodies
still sound so
good to
me
2. 爆破音+爆破音(“同性相排斥”)
-
Step by
step and be
versatile.
-
Wish
you could come
back to
me.
-
We had a good time
together.
-
Do you like
black tea?
-
Pick guitar,
fill fruit jar
and be
gay-o.
-
And pretend that
he just doesn't see.
3.
同类爆破+同类爆破: 相同的两个同类爆破音相邻时,第一个爆破音省略,只读后面的一个爆破音。
-
She’s looking for a part time
job.
-
Please take care
of yourself.
-
The more we get together,
the happier we’ll be.
-
Good day!
4. 略音: [t]、[d]、[k]、[g]、[p]和[b]后面接以辅音开始的单词时,前面的辅音发音顿息,舌头达到发音部位“点到为止”,但不送气。在正常速度或快速的对话中,略音时通常不会清楚地读出来。
-
Let me
have a try.
-
And
you treated me
so bad.
-
I got nothing
to do.
-
I think so
too.
-
Tell
her to make
me a cambric shirt.
-
Who is that
child?
注意:处理不完全爆破或略音时,并非简单地省略或吞掉前面的辅音。正确的读法是,处理前面的辅音时,仍摆好口型,舌头达到发音部位,点到为止,但不送气,稍加停顿后,即发出下面的音,这样虽然不完全爆破音或略音没有清楚地发出来,但听的人仍感觉到它的存在。所不同的是,不同辅音碰到一起,前面辅音不完全爆破的程度有所不同而已。例如,爆破音+爆破音,爆破音+摩擦音([f]、[v]、[θ]、[ð]、[s]、[z]、[∫]、[ʒ]、[r]、[h]),爆破音+破擦音([tʃ]、[dʒ]、ts]、[dz]、[tr]、[dr]),爆破音+鼻辅音([m]、[n]、[ŋ])等,其失去爆破的程度和效果也不完全相同。
连读和失去爆破规则,与意群、停顿规则有联系,因为连读和失去爆破一般是在一个意群以内使用。这方面的详细内容,随后会陆续介绍。
混合练习
(歌词):
-
Who's◡afraid◡of
the big bad wolf?(童谣)
-
It made
the children laugh◡and play,
laugh◡and play,
laugh◡and play.
(Mary Had a Little Lamb)
-
Speaking words◡of
wisdom. Let◡it be.
(Let it be)
-
Small◡and white,
clean◡and bright,
you look happy to meet me.
(Edelweiss)
-
Give them◡a
sense◡of
pride
to make◡it◡easier. (The
Greatest Love Of All)
-
I've got time◡and
nothing to lose. There◡are
times when◡I
believe◡in
you.
(Nothing
to lose”
-
We will miss◡your
bright◡eyes◡and sweet smile.
(Red
River Valley)
-
Tale◡as◡old◡as
time.
True as◡it can
be.
(Beauty
And The Beast)
-
I hope
to find◡a
little peace◡of
mind and◡I
just want to
know.
(Far Away From Home)
-
What◡am◡I
in◡a
world
so far◡away
from home.
(Far Away From Home)
-
And waste◡a
chance that◡I'd been
given
(Careless
Whisper)
-
How could◡I
let things
get to
me so bad?
(Dying In The Sun)
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