2014年6月英语四级翻译之“读书”

【原文】

中国教育工作者早就认识到读书对于国家的重要意义。有些教育工作者2003年就建议设立全民读书日。他们强调，人们应当读好书，尤其是经典著作，通过阅读，人们能更好地学会感恩、有责任心和与人合作，而教育的目的正是要培养这些基本素质。阅读对于中小学生尤为重要，假如他们没有在这个关键时期培养阅读的兴趣，以后要养成阅读的习惯就很难了。

【译文】

    China's education workers have realized fora long time the importance of reading to the country. Some of them havesuggested that a National Reading Day be set up since 2003. They stressed thatpeople should read good books, especially the classic ones. Through reading, peoplecan better learn to be grateful, responsible and cooperate with others.However, the purpose of education is to cultivate these basic qualities.Reading is particularly important for primary and middle school students. Ifthey don’t develop the interest of reading during this crucial period, it isdifficult to get into the habit of reading later.

【点评】2013年12月份的作文中考察了“阅读文学重要性”的图画作文，之后14年6月的翻译便考到了类似的“读书”话题。可见，写作翻译的相通之处不仅仅在于均为“输出”，而且写作和翻译的话题还有一致性。因此，笔者认为，将写作翻译进行同步复习备考就很有必要性。

【译文】

    For a long time, educational workers inChina have come to realize the significance of reading for the nation. Since2003, some of them have suggested that a National Day for Reading should be setup. They emphasize that people should reading good books, especially classic ones.Through reading, individuals can better learn to be grateful, responsible andcooperative with others. And the purpose of education is to cultivate thesebasic qualities. Reading is of vital importance for students in primary andmiddle schools，because if they do not foster interest of reading in this keyperiod, it will be difficult for them to cultivate the habit of reading infuture.

【逐句翻译及解析】

1.   中国教育工作者早就认识到读书对于国家的重要意义。

首句不难。第一步：提炼汉语主干为“教育工作者意识到读书的重要意义。”第二步：选定英文主谓宾，即 Educational workers have come to realize the significance ofreading. 之后，切块翻译修饰成分：中国à in China; 早早àfor a long time;对于国家àfor the nation. 最后组合：For a longtime, educational workers in China have come to realize the significance ofreading for the nation.

2.   有些教育工作者2003年就建议设立全民读书日。

第一步：提炼该句汉语主干为“教育工作者建议…”。第二步：选定英文主谓宾，即some workers have suggested that …之后翻译修饰成分：一些àsome;2003年àsince 2003;设立全民读书日à a National Day forReading should be set up. 第三步，组合：Since 2003, some of them have suggested that aNational Day for Reading should be set up.

3.   他们强调，人们应当读好书，尤其是经典著作，通过阅读，人们能更好地学会感恩、有责任心和与人合作，而教育的目的正是要培养这些基本素质。

本句较长，因此应先根据汉语意思先拆分为三部分。

第一部分，“他们强调，人们应当读好书，尤其是经典著作”，处理为theyemphasize that people should reading good books, especially classic ones.

第二部分，“通过阅读，人们能更好地学会感恩、有责任心和与人合作，”处理为through reading, individuals can better learn to be grateful, responsible andcooperative with others. 其中“感恩、有责任心和与人合作”可译为形容词的排比结构。

第三部分：“而教育的目的正是要培养这些基本素质。”根据上下文，“而”应译为and表顺承关系，该句译为“主系表”，即the purpose of education is to cultivate these basic qualities. 其中，cultivate, quality, purpose均为写作高频词。

最后组合：They emphasize that peopleshould reading good books, especially classic ones. Through reading,individuals can better learn to be grateful, responsible and cooperative withothers. And the purpose of education is to cultivate these basicqualities. 

4.   阅读对于中小学生尤为重要，假如他们没有在这个关键时期培养阅读的兴趣，以后要养成阅读的习惯就很难了。

该句可译为两个单句，也可以译为复合句，前后为因果关系。前半部分，“阅读对于中小学生至关重要”，即reading is of vital importance for students in primary and middleschools, 后半部分，because if they do not foster interest ofreading in this key period, it will be difficult for them to cultivate thehabit of reading in future.

阅读尤为重要的翻译方式可以是 reading iscrucial/particularly important/ exceedingly important; 关键时期可译为：key period, crucial time等，均为写作翻译双料高频词。