2013年6月四级写作真题解析

---基于“功能段落”的模式解析

提示：考后放“马后炮”的老湿和各种神级的“必背”预测真不少。但本人在考前之夜专门发了一篇图画作文供考生从功能段落学习http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_41858d880102ej4j.html。通过这次考试可以看出：传统的所谓“观点对比”、“问题解决”或“现象意义”的模板正在淡出历史舞台。不要再死背模板了，因为模板再好，也无法保证与考试命题思路一致，导致所背非所考。从题目要求出发写相应的“功能段落和表达”就不会在任何写作考试中败北！！

    2013年6月15日四、六级考试继续沿用“多题多卷”形式，同一考场内有三套不同试卷，除听力完全相同外，其他均完全不同。本文以课堂所讲现象、意义、建议等“功能段落”为基础，解析本次写作部分破题思路。

总体来说，“英文题目+汉语提纲”的命题形式将逐渐淡出历史舞台，取而代之的是全英文的“话题+英文要求”。新型的命题考查两项内容：首先考对题目的理解，然后是写作能力。本次四级写作出题形式虽有变化，但是写作考试本质未变：按照题目要求写相应的内容或“功能段落”是保证不跑题的方法。话题方面，均强调“某种素质”的重要性，话题密切联系现实，具有一定教育启示意义。

1、2013年6月四级写作之“做小事和成大事”

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of doing small things before undertaking something big. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

http://s12/mw690/41858d88g7ccc6b4e696b&690

写作第一步为审题，关注三事项：1）宏观方面：体裁+话题；2）内容要求：英文提示+汉语提纲；3）字数。

审题阶段，本次考试主要问题有：1）只看图画不看英文要求，导致跑题；2）错将黑体加粗部分“a brief description”当题目，令人贻笑大方；

本次作文体裁要求是“a short essay”，话题为“the importance of doing small things before undertaking something big”；内容要求为“start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on…”(即：先简单描述图画，再就“做小事对于成大事的重要性”发表看法)；字数要求为120到180词。

考题未提出“自拟题目”的要求，因此可以不写题目，写了题目肯定不算错，但是题目写错了就得不偿失了。从功能段落解析，本次考试可写现象、意义和建议三个功能段组成文章，以下范文完全基于6月14日课堂所讲“功能表达”。

Given is an interesting but thought-provoking cartoon: the young guy expresses his worries about “disposing of nuclear waste”; to his surprise, his father responds: “If you can empty the dustbin here, you can do anything.”

解析：首段图画描述。译文如下：所给是一幅很有意思但又引人深思的卡通画：一个年轻人表达了他对“处理核废物”的焦虑；令他吃惊的是他父亲回答到：“如果你能倒掉垃圾，就啥事都能干好。”

Obviously, the father’s remark can be naturally associated with the significance of doing small things before undertaking something big: if we intend to achieve greater success, it is advisable for us to begin with small tasks. In contemporary society, it has become a trend for some youngsters to talk big in life. Meanwhile, a host of young people deem it unnecessary to do small tasks. However, it is doing small things that enables teenagers to build up adequate knowledge, skills and experience; thus, laying a solid foundation for undertaking something more important. As a matter of fact, intelligent people in large numbers have come to realize the importance of doing small things for future success.

解析：二段首句：图画联系写作主旨，确定写作大方向。二句写图画在现实生活的体现，即“现象”。之后为“意义阐述”论证写作主题。译文：显然，父亲的评论能够自然的联系到做大事之前做好小事的重要性：如果我们想取得大的成就，就应该明智地从小事做起。现实社会中，很多年轻人喜欢吹牛皮且已经成为一种趋势。同时，不少年轻人认为没必要干小事。然而，正是做小事使得他们年轻人积累起足够的知识、技能和经验，从而为承担大事打下基础。事实上，很多智者都已经意识到做好小事对未来成功的重要性。

As a college student, I am convinced that it is of great necessity for youngsters to enhance ourselves by doing small things. Accordingly, we should educate, advocate and encourage our friends, classmates and acquaintances to refuse unrealistically “talking big and ignoring small.” Sparing no efforts to do so, we will witness a hopeful and promising future of our life.

解析：尾段建议+号召。首句结合自身发表评论，二句倡导建议，尾句展望未来。译文：作为一名大学生，我坚信年轻人有必要通过做小事提升自我。而且，我们应教育、倡导和鼓励身边的朋友、同学和熟人拒绝那些不切实际的“眼高手低”行为。全力以赴这样做的话，我们将见证一个富有希望和光明的未来。

2、2013年6月四级写作之“文学阅读重要性”

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of reading literature. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

http://s8/mw690/41858d88gdffc32f5be27&690

“功能段落”基本思路概括为“一个中心，四个基本点”，具体为：“以写作话题为中心，联想四个方面：相关人+相关物+社会+素质品质意识。总体上，四级话题都有一定教育意义，体现为“素质品质意识”，本次话题相关人为“老师和学生”、相关物为“文学书和长篇短信”，还有其社会现象体现：“不少年轻人不喜欢文学”。以下参考范文（为方便学生快速上手，本文使用相似表达）：

Given is an interesting but enlightening cartoon: the teacher hands a literature book to her student; noticing that the student seems reluctant to accept, the teacher encourages that student with one sentence: “Just think of it as if you’re reading a long text-message.”

Apparently, this cartoon can be naturally associated with the significance of reading literature for youngsters: if students intend to master the essence of a nation’s civilization, it is advisable for them to read classic literature. In contemporary society, it has become a trend for some youngsters to prefer reading short messages on cell phones. Meanwhile, a host of young people deem it boring and unnecessary to read long classic literature. However, it is reading literature that enables teenagers to build up adequate life ethnics and honorable soul; thus, laying a solid foundation for aesthetic taste. As a matter of fact, intelligent people in large numbers have come to realize the importance of reading literatures.

As a college student, I am convinced that it is of great necessity for youngsters to enhance ourselves by reading literature. Accordingly, we should educate, advocate and encourage our friends, classmates and acquaintances to absorb our ancestors’ wisdom in literature. Sparing no efforts to read literature, we will witness a hopeful and promising future of our civilization.

3. 2013年四级写作真题解析之“学习基本技能重要性”

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of learning basic skills. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

http://s11/mw690/41858d88gdffc356ca71a&690

第三篇作文的考查与前两篇内容考查和写作方式基本无异，不做详细说明。

Given is an interesting but enlightening cartoon: standing by the blackboard, the teacher shows her students “Multiplication Table”; to the teacher’s surprise, one student expresses his doubts: “No offense, but by the time we’re in the job market, won’t that staff be outdated?”

Obviously, this cartoon can be naturally associated with the significance of learning basic skills: if youngsters intend to succeed in future job market, it is advisable for them to begin with basic skills. In contemporary society, it has become a trend for many young people to ignore basic knowledge. Meanwhile, a host of students deem it useless or unnecessary to spend time acquiring the elementary knowledge. However, it is basic skills that enable teenagers to build up adequate experience, quality and ability to undertake something more important. As a matter of fact, intelligent people in large numbers have come to realize the necessity of learning basic skills.

As a college student, I am convinced that it is of great necessity for youngsters to enhance ourselves by mastering basic skills. Accordingly, we should educate, advocate and encourage our friends, classmates and acquaintances to devote more time and energy to lay a solid foundation for future career. Sparing no efforts to do so, we will witness a hopeful and promising future of our career and life.

    通过三篇范文，可以看出：按照题目要求写相应的“功能段落”和“功能表达”是做到写作能力和成绩提升的高效途径。当然，本文篇幅所限，无法具体展开讨论各个“功能段落”的灵活改写和替换形式，仅作思路和表达的简单解析。不足之处，望各位同仁和学习者不吝批评。