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Section One.True or False (20*1 points).

判断正误，并将答案写在题干后面，正确的写A，错误的写B。

1.

A high-level language is more English-like than assembly language.

2.

Binary numbers can be converted to octal, but not to hexadecimal.

3.

A byte is made up of eight binary digits.

4.

It's possible to represent four things with two bits.

5.

Keyword encoding is a type of text compression.

6.

Huffman encoding uses variable length binary strings to represent particular characters.

7.

The MP3 audio format uses both lossy and lossless compression.

8.

A circuit is a combination of gates designed to accomplish a more complex logical function.

9.

RAM is non-volatile and ROM is volatile.

10.

An information system is software that helps us organize and analyze data.

11.

Spreadsheets and word processors are known as software applications.

12.

Object-oriented design is currently the dominant approach for large programming projects.

13.

The World Wide Web is as old as the Internet itself.

14.

There is one set of underlying principles governing all numbers systems.

15.

The digits used in base 8 are 1 through 8.

16.

The number 10 represents the base value in every number system.

17.

Representing a number in base 5 sometimes requires more digits than representing that same number in base 10.

18.

Analog data is a continuous representation of the information it represents.

19.

An RGB value is made up of three values that represent the relative contributions of the primary colors red, green, and blue.

20.

Algorithms cannot be tested until they are realized in a computer-based programming language.

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Section Two.Multiple choise(10*3 points)

选择正确的答案，并将正确答案的编号写在题干的后面，并对题干进行翻译

1.

What is the purpose of a compiler?

A)

translate machine language into assembly language

B)

translate high-level language into machine language

C)

translate FORTRAN into COBOL

D)

translate machine language into FORTRAN

E)

translate application programs into system programs

2.

In base 16, the digit E corresponds to what decimal value?

A)

1

B)

10

C)

12

D)

14

E)

15

3.

What is a single binary digit called?

A)

byte

B)

nibble

C)

bit

D)

word

E)

block

4.

What is the primary reason for compressing data?

A)

expensive storage devices

B)

limited size of storage devices

C)

limited network bandwidth

D)

limited online availability of crucial data

E)

expensive transfer rates for auxiliary memory

5.

Which text compression technique replaces a frequently used word with a single character?

A)

run-length encoding

B)

character set encoding

C)

keyword encoding

D)

Huffman encoding

E)

ASCII encoding

6.

Which of the following is a device that allows a computer to connect to the Internet?

A)

Hertz

B)

Pentium 4

C)

random access

D)

cycles per second

E)

modem

7.

Which of the following produces in a true or false result?

A)

control structure

B)

strong typing

C)

data type

D)

Boolean expression

E)

declaration

8.

Which of the following is a common database language?

A)

SQL

B)

key

C)

field

D)

query

E)

schema

9.

Which of the following is a set of unambiguous instructions for solving a problem?

A)

algorithm

B)

pseudocode

C)

program construct

D)

problem specification

E)

problem analysis

10.

In which decade were the first generation of computers developed?

A)

1930s

B)

1940s

C)

1950s

D)

1960s

E)

1970s

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Section Three. Essay(5*5)

简要对下面问题作答。

1.

Explain the "Divide and Conquer" problem-solving strategy.

2.

Why will computers always fail to represent real-world information exactly?

3.

Name five types of data that can be stored in a computer.

4.

Name the four steps in Polya's How to Solve It list.

5.

What is an information system?

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Section Four. Simple compute(5*5 points)

简单计算

1.

Convert the following octal number to binary: 476

2.

Perform the following binary addition:  11001 + 1110011

3.

Given the following Huffman codes, encode the string "codat".

4.

Convert the following binary number to decimal: 11011011

5.

How is the decimal number 3.89 represented in binary?