加载中…译作欣赏，摘自《翻译的技巧》钱歌川
(2012-12-11 17:17:28)
标签：
翻译钱歌川杂谈 |
分类： 翻译积累 |
1、“各人自扫门前雪，莫管他人瓦上霜”，是使世界达到和平幸福的最佳途径。一家如此，则一家和乐。一国如此，则一国安定。全世界如此，则天下太平。
a. One of the best ways to make the world
peaceful and happy is for every individual to keep within his own
province, refraining from encroaching upon others'. If a family
follows this way, that family will be free from worry; if a nation
follows this way, that nation will be at peace; and if the entire
world follows this way, it will find itself in perfect
peace.
b.In order to secure (or bring about) a happy
and peaceful world, we must first of all, limit out activity within
our own spheres, strictly refraining from trespasing upon others'.
Suppose that this rule is observed in all families, countries of
the world, surely there will be no trouble in them
all.
c."Just sweep away the snow in front of your
won house, and never mind the frost on other people's roof," as the
Chinese proverb says, may be the best way to bring about a happy
and peaceful world. So long as we limit our activity within our own
spheres, strictly refraining from trespassing upon other's, we can
surely win peace in the family, in the country as well as in the
world.
2、学问是自己的事，不能依靠别人的。环境好，图书设备充足，有良师益友直到启发，当然有很大的帮助，但是这些条件具备，也不一定能保证一个人在学问上就有成就。时间也有不少在学问上有成就的人，并不具备这些条件。最重要的因素，还是个人自己的努力。求学是一件苦难的事，许多人不能忍受那必经的艰苦，所以不能得到成功。
Learing is one's own business, which cannot
rely upon others. It will certainly be of great help, if there are
good environments, sufficient books and equipment, as well as
instructions and enlightments from scholarly mentors and beneficial
friends. But even if you have got all these favorable conditions,
you cannot be sure to succeed in learning, for not a few people who
have been successful in learning are not armed with all these
things. The most important factor consists in one's own effort. To
learn is rather a painstaking and persevering business. Many a man
is a failure because he cannot bear such indispensable
hardships.
3、“我想认识伦敦，应该先到哪里去？巴力门，还是唐宁街？”我向寓所的女主人打听。那位老太太摇摇头说：“这种地方你去干什么？你得先上海德公园。在那公园里，你才能了解我们英国怎么会有巴力门和唐宁街的。”她的意思是说，造成英国政治的，是英国人民的精神，并不是有了议会和内阁，英国才得到民主的政治的，而是人民有了民主的精神，才有英国的议会和内阁。海德公园正是民主精神表演的地方。
"As I want to know more of London, will you
please tell me where shall I go first, Parliment or Downing
Street?" I once asked the advice of my landlady. The old woman
shook her head and replied, "Why should you go to those places? You
had better go to Hyde Park first. You will understand from there
how our England has got Parliment and Downing Street." Of course,
she meant to say it is the spirit of the English people that has
made the English politics, in other words, it is not because of
Parliment and the Cabinet that England has got its democratic
politics, but because of the people with their democratic spirit
that there comes to be the English Parliment as well as the English
Cabinet. Hyde Park is the very place where democratic spirit is
fully demonstrated.
4、善即是美。我们感到事物象理想一般的实现，我们就觉得是美。所谓理想一般的实现，就是说，那事物能把它的天性完全发挥出来。所以，如花在天性全露时最美一样，人在充分发挥他的天性时，也就达到美的极致了。
Virtuousness is synonymous with beauty. We feel
the beauty of a thing when it has come to realization ideally. By
ideal realization we mean that a thing has displayed fully its true
nature. Therefore, as a flower is at its best when it has revealed
its natural character, a man may be said to have reached the zenith
of his beauty when he has made the fullest use of human
nature.
5、道德非言语所能施教。凡未亲受仁爱待遇者毕生将不知仁爱为何物。故以仁爱待人，始能教人以仁爱。语云：“以言教者讼，以身教者从。”
Morals cannot be inculcated by means of spoken
or written words. Those who have never been treated kindly must end
their days without realizing what kindness is. To treat others with
kindness, therefor is to teach them what this virtue is. As the
saying goes: Those who teach in word will be criticized, and those
who teach in deed will have their followers.
6、文学的工具是语言文字。我们第一须认识语言文字，其次须有运用语言文字的技巧。这事看来似很容易，因为一般人日常都在运用语言文字；但是实在极难，因为文学要用平常的语言文字产生不平常的效果。文学家对于语言文字的了解，必须比一般人都较精确，然后可以运用自如。他必须懂得字的形声义，字的组织以及音义与组织对于读者所生的影响。这要包含语文学，逻辑学，文化，美学，和心理学各种知识。……一个人想做出第一流文学作品，别的条件不说，单说语文研究这一项，他必须有深厚的修养，他必须达到有话都可说出而且说的好的程度。
The implement of literature is the language.
First we have to know the language, and then we must be armed with
the craft of using it. The thing looks easy, as all of us are using
the language every day, but it is really difficult, because
literature is something that is expressed by ordinary language to
produce an extraordinary effect. A man of letters must apprehend
the language more precisely and thoroughly than the ordinary
people, so that he can use it at his will. He must understand the
form, the sound, and the meaning of a word, as well as the effects
of the arrangements of words in connexion with the sound and
meaning to be felt by the reader. This will involve such knowledge
as philology, logic, grammar, aesthetics and psychology.....If a
man is to create some literature of the first class, he must,
besides other conditions, have profound knowledge of the language,
so as to be able to express any idea and express it
effectively.
7、庄子与惠子游于濠梁之上。庄子曰：“鯈鱼出游从容，是鱼之乐也。”惠子曰：“子非鱼，安知鱼之乐？”庄子曰：“子非我，安知我不知鱼之乐？”惠子曰：“我非子，固不知子矣；子固非鱼也，子之不知鱼之乐全矣！”
Chuang-tzu went out for pleasure with his
friend Hui-tzu on the bridge over River Hao.
"How happily those little silver fish are
swimming in the water! I wish I were a fish, too," said
Chuang-tzu.
At this, Hui-tzu said, "You aren't a fish, are
you? How can you know whether the fish are happy or
not?"
"You aren't me," retorted the other, "how do
you know that I do not know the happiness of the
fish?"
"Quite so,"Hui-tzu said, taking advantage of
what the other had said. "It is true that I don't know your
happiness because I am not you, and for the same reason, you don't
know the happiness of the fish, because you are not a fish. Isn't
it clear enough?"
8、大家都知道下午四五点钟，在英国是喝茶的时间。首相也好，时装模特女郎也好，警察也好，甚至强盗也好，都是一定要喝下午茶的。
As everyone knows, four or five o'clock is tea
time in England. The Prime Minister, fashion models,
policemen--very likely even robbers too--must have their afternoon
tea.
9、人人都知道圣华伦泰节是景慕情人的一个爱情的节日。其起源可追溯到远古的罗马时代。当时的青年人以抽签的方式，取得住在附近女孩子的名字，而凭以决定他们的情人。在中世纪时，就把圣华伦泰节定在二月十四日，随后欧美的人们，又找出许多新花样来庆祝那一天。
a. Everybody knows of St. Valentine's Day, a
"love day" to admire sweethearts. Its origin is rather old and goes
back to the Roman times. Young men chose their sweethearts by
picking from a lottery box the names of girls who lived nearby. In
the Middle Ages, St. Valentine's Day came to be held on February
14th, and people in Europe and America developed a variety of new
ways to celebrate the day.
b.St. Valentine's Day is known as a "love day"
honoring sweethearts. Its origin goes back to the Roman times. In
those days young men picked their own sweethearts by drawing from a
lottery box the names of young girls living in the same towns and
villages. During the Middle Ages, the date of the St. Valentine's
festival is supposed to have been fixed on February 14th, and
people in Europe and America found new ways to celebrate the day.
Strange as it may seem to some orientals, young men would kiss the
first lady whom they happened to meet on that day. In the 19th
century young people started sending beautifully decorated verses
and cards specially designed for persons like sweethearts, but also
to parents and teachers as well, people aften send cards on this
day.
10、在伊庸河附近我父母的产业，对我毫无吸引力。我常走下到河边去，偶然望望浮在河上的黄色的水藻，时而又捡起扁平的石块去打水漂，看它象燕子一般迅速地在水上掠过。
a.My parents' property on the River Yonne
offered few distractions. I would go down to the river bank,
occasionally look for a moment at the weeds floating
yellow on the surface, then choose little
flattened stones to send skimming over the water like darting
swallows.
b.My parents' place on the Yonne River offered
little to do. I used to go down to the bank of the stream, now and
then look for a while at the formations of yellow algae on the
surface and then skip flat stones across the water, which moved as
swiftly as swallows.
注：本文是从现代法国女作家沙冈的小说《微笑》（Un Certain
Sourier)中取出来的，用英国话和美国话分别加以译出。英语译文由英国人罗爵斯执笔，美语译文由美国人加查士女士执笔。
喜欢
0
赠金笔
后一篇：译作欣赏：Of Delays