碰撞测试在提高车辆安全性方面做了大量工作，但仔细观察公路安全保险协会 （IIHS） 的计划表明，它只关注 40 英里/小时（64.3 公里/小时）的碰撞。为什么会这样，当车辆在某些道路上可以合法地达到 85 英里/小时（136.7 公里/小时）时？

好吧，IIHS 试图在其 YouTube 频道上的视频中回答这个问题。首先，该研究所并不在乎速度。它的测试实际上比美国汽车安全监管机构美国国家公路交通安全管理局（National Highway Traffic Safety Administration）的测试速度更快，后者的测试速度为35英里/小时（56.3公里/小时）。

尽管速度对碰撞严重程度有重大影响，但在测试环境中，速度并不总是越好。根据IIHS车辆研究中心副总裁劳尔·阿贝拉兹（Raul Arbelaez）的说法，它不仅试图使车辆在最严重的碰撞中安全，而且还试图使它们在常见事故中更安全。

阅读：2024 车型年的零卡车有资格获得 IIHS Top Safety Pick+ 评级https://www.carscoops.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/YT-2024-IIHS-Crash-Test-Speeds-2-1024x570.jpg

图片来源：IIHS/YouTube

“我们的测试速度捕捉到了现实世界碰撞分布的中间位置，我们知道那里有严重和严重的伤害，”Arbelaez说。“我们知道有些车祸更严重，但我们正在捕获车祸总数的大部分。

选择正确的碰撞测试速度非常重要，因为它会对车辆的设计方式产生重大影响。与直觉相反的是，以 85 英里/小时的速度测试车辆实际上可能会对其安全性产生负面影响。

“随之而来的是一些意想不到的后果，包括低严重程度的碰撞中的安全性下降，”Arbalaez说。“发生的情况是，你的车辆最终会变得更硬，以便在更高严重程度的碰撞中表现良好。

即使将速度提高 10 英里/小时（16 公里/小时）也可能对车辆设计产生重大影响。虽然 50 英里/小时（80.4 公里/小时）仅比 40 英里/小时（64.3 公里/小时）快 25%，但在这个速度下，碰撞力实际上增加了 56%。Arbalaez说，设计车辆以适应测试速度相对微妙的提高“显着改变”它们。

标签 事故 IIHS 安全视频

原文阅读

The IIHS Explains Why It Doesn’t Crash Test Vehicles At Higher Speeds

Contrary to what you might think, running crash tests at 80 mph might have negative impacts on vehicle safety

by Sebastien Bell

21 hours ago

Crash testing has done an enormous amount to improve vehicle safety, but a closer look at the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety’s (IIHS) program shows that it only looks at 40 mph (64.3 km/h) collisions. Why is that, when vehicles can legally go up to 85 mph (136.7 km/h) on some roads?

Well, the IIHS has attempted to answer that question in a video on its YouTube channel. Firstly, the institute isn’t being a weeny about speed. Its tests are actually faster than America’s automotive safety regulator, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, which tests at 35 mph (56.3 km/h).

Although speed has a significant impact on crash severity, more isn’t always better in a testing context. According to Raul Arbelaez, the vice president of the IIHS Vehicle Research Center, it isn’t just trying to make vehicles safe in the worst crashes, it’s trying to make them safer in the common accidents.

Read: Zero Trucks In the 2024 Model Year Qualify For IIHS Top Safety Pick+ Award

“Our test speed captures the middle of the distribution of real world crashes where we know there are serious and severe injuries,” said Arbelaez. “We know that there are crashes that are more severe, but we are capturing the bulk of the total number of crashes.”

And picking the right crash test speed is very important, because it can have significant impacts on how vehicles are designed. Counterintuitively, testing vehicles at, say, 85 mph could actually have a negative effect on their safety.

“There are some unintended consequences that go along with that, including degraded safety in lower-severity crashes,” says Arbalaez. “What happens is your vehicle ends up being stiffer in order to perform well in that higher-severity crash.”

Even upping the speed by just 10 mph (16 km/h) could have a significant impact on vehicle design. Although 50 mph (80.4 km/h) is just 25 percent faster than 40 mph (64.3 km/h), the crash forces actually increase by 56 percent at that speed. Arbalaez says that designing vehicles to accommodate that relatively subtle increase in test speed “significantly change” them.