许渊冲精彩译文赏析：苏轼《水调歌头?明月几时有》

明月几时有？把酒问青天。不知天上宫阙，今夕是何年？
我欲乘风归去，又恐琼楼玉宇，高处不胜寒。起舞弄清影，何似在人间？

转朱阁，低绮户，照无眠。不应有恨，何事长向别时圆？
人有悲欢离合，月有阴晴圆缺，此事古难全。但愿人长久，千里共婵娟。

The Midautumn Festival
Tune: “Prelude to Water Melody”

How long will the full moon appear?
Wine cup in hand, I ask the sky.
I do not know what time of the year
’Twould be tonight in the palace on high.
Riding the wind, there I would fly,
Yet I’m afraid the crystalline palace would be
Too high and cold for me.
I rise and dance, with my shadow I play.
On high as on earth, would it be as gay?

The moon goes round the mansions red
Through gauze-draped window soft to shed
Her light upon the sleepless bed.
Why then when people part, is the oft full and bright?
Men have sorrow and joy; they part or meet again;
The moon is bright or dim and she may wax or wane.
There has been nothing perfect since the olden days.
So let us wish that man
Will live long as he can!
Though miles apart, we’ll share the beauty she displays.

【注释】

[子由]苏轼弟苏辙，字子由。

[天上宫阙]指月中宫殿，阙，古代宫殿前左右竖立的楼观。

[琼楼玉宇]美玉建筑的楼宇，指月中宫殿。

[不胜]不堪承受。

[弄]赏玩。

[朱阁]朱红的华丽楼阁。

[绮户]雕饰华丽的门窗；

[共]共赏。

[婵娟]美丽的月光


【译文】

明月从何时才有？手持酒杯来询问青天。
不知道天上宫殿，今年是哪年。
我想要乘御清风归返，又恐怕返回月宫的琼楼玉宇，受不住高耸九天的冷落、风寒。起舞翩翩玩赏着月下清影，归返月殿怎比得上在人间！
转过朱红楼阁，月光低洒在绮窗前，照到床上人惆怅无眠。
明月不该有什么怨恨，却为何总在亲人离别时候才圆？
人有悲欢离合的变迁，月有阴晴圆缺的转换，这种事自古来难以周全。
但愿离人能平安康健，远隔千里共享月色明媚皎然。