英语的全部否定和部分否定

一、全部否定

表示全部否定时，英语句子中常用含“绝无”意义的否定词(如： none, no, neither, nobody, nothing, never, nowhere, no+名词等)加上肯定式谓语。例如：

None of the answers are right. 全部答案都不正确。

Neither of the films is interesting.  这两部电影都无趣味。

Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.　世上无难事，只怕有心人。

I never came to visit Shanghai in the past.　过去我从未来参观上海。

This umbrella was nowhere to be found.　这把伞哪里也找不到了。

Nobody else but I went.　除我以外，谁也没去。

No pains, no gains. 不劳则无获。

二、部分否定。

1、表示全部否定用Not+all/both/every/everyone/everything/everywhere 等肯定句或all/ both/every/everyone/everything作主语的否定句。例如：
 　　Not all that glitters is gold. =All is not gold that glitters. 发光的并不都是金子。

I don’t know both of them=I know not both of them. 他们俩我不都认识。

Everybody wouldn’t like it=Not everybody would like it.并不是每个人都会喜欢它。

He doesn’t know everything about it=He knows not everything about it. 对此他并不完全了解情况。

Not both of us went to see the film. 并不是我们俩都看了这部影片。

Not each of the books he wrote sells well.并不是他写的每本书都畅销。

Not every student goes to the farm on Sundays. 并非每个学生星期天都去农场。
 　　Not everyone in our class likes football. 在我们班并非每个人都喜欢足球。
     I don’t remember all these words.　我并不全都记得这些话。

Such a book is not found everywhere.这类书并非到处都有。

2、Many/always/much/wholly/entirely/altogether +not表示部分否定。例如.

They haven’t got much news yet.他们还没有得到很多消息。

There are not many people who can sing this song.能够唱这首歌的人并不多。

He was not entirely happy.　他并不感到十分高兴。

This is not always good instructive film.这部电影并不是有很好教育意义的电影。

3、“and”在否定句中，若连接两个状语或定语或表语时，与之搭配的“and”有时只表示部分否定，即只否定“and”后面的部分，而用“0r”，就变成了全部否定了。例如：

That TV play is not interesting and instructive.那部电视剧虽有趣味，但没有教育意义。

She didn’t explain this text correctly and clearly.　她对这篇课文解释得很正确，但不够清楚。

That TV play is not interesting or instructive.　 那部电视剧既没有趣味，也无教育意义。　

She didn’t explain this text correctly or clearly.　 她对这篇课文既没有解释得很正确，也没有解释得很清楚。

4、在not +as well as…”结构这个结构中，not只否定它前面的部分，表示部分肯定。其后面的部分则表示“肯定”。 若去掉not，变成肯定句，就等于not only…but also…　例如：

He does not dance as well as sing.他唱歌，但不跳舞。

The child is not lively as well as healthy.这个孩子健康，但不活泼.

He dances as well as sings.他唱得好听，跳得优美。

The child is lively as well as healthy.这个孩子既健康又活泼。