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选修七Unit 1 Living Well单词·巧记·典句·考点(1)

(2011-03-07 08:50:48)
标签:

杂谈

分类: 选修6-10单词•巧记•典句•考

Unit 1 Living Well单词·巧记·典句·考点

disability [dɪsə'bɪlɪtɪ] n.  伤残;无力;无能

【巧记】dis(否定前缀)-ability(能力).口诀:没能力即“残疾”。

【典句】Do you know anyone with a mental or physical disability?
【考点】可用作可数名词和不可数名词,用作可数名词表“残疾”;用作不可数名词表“无能、劳动能力丧失”。

【记忆链】able ['eɪb(ə)l] a. 能够有能力的

ability [ə'bɪlɪtɪ] n. 能力才能

unable ['eɪb(ə)l] adj. 不能的不能胜任的


disable [dɪs'eɪbl]  vt. 1. 使失去能力[(+from)] 2. 使伤残

disabled [dɪs'eɪb(ə)ld]adj.伤残的

enable [ʌn 'eɪbl]  vt.使某人能够做某事;使某事成为可能
【活用】

1) Mr. Hill lost his legs while he was in the army, so he became a _____person.
A. disable
   B. disabled   C. disability   D unable

2) The students in the pictures each have ____ _______.
答案:1) B  2) a disability
hearing ['hɪərɪŋ]  n.  听力;听觉

【巧记】hear--ing.口诀:听见加-ing是“听力”。

eyesight ['aɪsaɪt] n.  视力

【巧记】eye-sight.口诀:眼睛视线视力,视觉。

syndrome  n. 综合病征;综合症状
infantile paralysis 小儿麻痹
【巧记】infantile ['ɪnfən,taɪl]adj. 幼稚的;婴儿的
infant n. 婴儿,幼儿 〔记忆窍门〕将该词进行分解,in 是词义为在里面的英语单词,fan 是 汉字的拼音, t 是汉字的拼音的首字母;则可记 
成:要想婴儿长得快,将他放在(in)饭(fan)桶(t)里
Rosalyn  n.  罗莎琳(女名)
lap [læp]  n.  跑道的一圈;重叠部分;(人坐着时)大腿的上方

【巧记】la--p.口诀:“大腿根部”要拉皮。逆向记忆:pal [pæl] 【口】伙伴;好友

ambition [æm'bɪʃ(ə)n]  n.  雄心;野心

【巧记】am-bit-ion.“野心”是一点点积累起来的。谐音--俺必胜。口诀:你要有“俺必胜”“雄心”。

【典句】Her son was filled with ambition to become a great inventor.
她儿子一心想成为伟大的发明家。

【考点】1ambitious[æm'biʃəs]  adj.  有雄心的;有野心的【巧记】ambitio(n)-us. 口诀:我们是有 “有雄心的”。

2)常用结构:

One’s ambition is to do sth. 某人的理想就是……

have no ambition to do sth. 没有精力做某事

be ambitious for [power, social position, etc.] 极欲获得[权力, 社会地位等]

be ambitious of success渴望成功

be ambitious to serve the people一心想为人民服务

活用】用适当形式填空:

1) His __________ is to sail around the world. 

2) As ___ ________ leader, he wants to guide the local people to lead a happy life.

答案:1) ambition  2) an ambitious
dictation [dɪk'teɪʃ(ə)n] n.  口授;听写(的文字)
【巧记】dictate  (v.口授,听写)-ion(名词后缀).
Sally  n.  萨利(女名)
noisy ['nɔɪzɪ]  n.  吵闹的;嘈杂的
【巧记】noise [nɔɪz]噪声noisynoisily ['nɔɪzɪlɪ] ad. 喧闹地
suitable ['sjuːtəb(ə)l]   adj.  适合的;适宜的
【巧记】su-it-able.

【典句】This wine is not suitable to my taste.这酒不合我的胃口。

【考点】suit v. 合适, 适合, 相配,

unsuitable adj. 不适合的, 不相称的

be suitable for (doing) sth./sb. 很适合()……

entry ['entrɪ]   n.  项目;进入;入口
【巧记】enter ['entə(r)] vt. 进入entryentrance ['entrəns] n. 入口入场进入的权利;入学许可 
beneficial  adj.  有益的;受益的

【巧记】benefi(t)( 益处)+ cial(形容词后缀)

考点1常用短语:be beneficial to sb./ sth. ……有益

=be of benefit to sb./ sth.

2benefit v. &n.有助于;受益;利益,好处。【巧记】ben-e-fit.口诀:奔(ben)跑的姨(e)有“健康的”(fit)身体,终身“受益”。

benefit from……中受益(A benefits B = B benefits from A

Thousands of patients have benefited greatly from this treatment.

= This treatment has benefited thousands of patients.

3) for the benefit of为了……(的利益)

get/gain/receive a benefit     得到好处

have the benefit of (sth.)     拥有……的好处

活用】翻译句子:阳光对植物有益。

1Sunshine __ __ ______ ___ plants.
2Sunshine ___ ________ ___ plants.
3Sunshine __________ plants.
4Plants _______ _____ sunshine.
答案:1is of benefit to  2is beneficial to  3benefits 4benefits from
The new regulations will be ___________us all.
A. great beneficial to
   B. greatly beneficial to
C. great benefit to
     D. of greatly benefit to
key
B. be of great benefit to= be greatly beneficial to
Marty  马蒂?菲尔丁
in other words  换句话说
=that is to say

典句You can stay at home and needn’t come here any longer. In other words, you are fired.你可以在家呆着以后都不用来了。也就是说,你被解雇了。

词卡in a word=in one word总而言之

in word    口头上

in words用语言

have a word with sb.与某人谈话

have words with 与某人争吵

get in a word  插话

keep one’s word    守信用; 履行诺言

活用从以上短语中选择适当的短语填空。

1. I found it hard to convey my feelings _____.

2. His wife is my daughter, _____, I am his mother-in-law.

3. Let us not work hard _____, but in deed.

4. _____, then, we should improve our service.

答案:: 1. in words    2. in other words   3. in word    4. In a word

clumsy ['klʌmzɪ]   adj.  笨拙的

【巧记】c-lum-sy.口诀:月亮(c)看到路面(lum)上的蛇妖(sy)很“笨拙的”。

bump  vi.  碰撞;撞击

【巧记】bum(懒汉)-p. bu-mp. 懒汉不“碰撞”媒婆。
outgoing ['aʊtɡəʊɪŋ]  adj. 外向的;友好的;外出的;离开的
【巧记】out-go-ing. 口诀:出去“外出的”。
adapt [ə'dæpt]  vt.  使适应;改编;vi. 适应

【巧记】ad--apt ; 联想:ad广告,apt易于...的。口诀:广告易于“适应”。

对比:adapt 适应,adopt  vt.采用,adept  vt.熟练。口诀:a“适应”,o“采纳”,e“熟练”。

【考点】1)常用搭配:
adapt to  适合to是介词)

adapt sb. / sth. to ... 使某人/某事物适应…… (其中to为介词)

adapt (oneself) to ...  (使自己)适应/习惯于……to是介词)

adapt ... for ... 为……而改编

adapt from ... 根据……改编

adapt sth. for sth. from sth.根据某事将……改编成……

2)派生词:adaptable adj. 能适应的; 可改编的

adaptation  n.适应; 改编本

adapter/adaptor  n.适应者; 改编者

Courses can be adapted to suit the needs of the individual.

课程可作修改以适应个人的需要。(to是表目的状语的不定式标记)

活用1、用上面结构完成下列句子:

1) They _______ this book ____ the needs of beginners.

2) It took him a while to ______ _______ ____ his new surroundings.

3) The children find it difficult to _____ ___ their new school.

4) Three of her novels have ____ _______ ___ television.

5) The movie ___ ________ ____ one of Lu Xun’s novels.

6) The film-makers _______ the cartoons film _____ children _____ the Russian original.
2、选择最佳答案:
1) She found it difficult to _____ herself to the new surroundings.
   A. adapt   B. force    C.  fit in     D. change
2) These are English story books ____ Chinese students.
  A.  adapted from    B. adapted for    C.  adapted to    D. adapting for 
答案:11) adapted , to  2) adapt himself to 3) adapt to 4) been adapted for  5) was adapted from 6) adapted, for, from
2AB
辨析: adapt, adjust, fit, suit, match

l       adapt: 指修改或改变以适应新条件

l       adjust: 多指调整, 调节使之适应

l       fit: 多指大小适合,引申为吻合

l       suit: 多指合乎要求、口味、性格、情况

l       match: 大小、色调、形状、性质等相配或相称
【活用】用上面动词完成下列句子:
1) You can’t see through the telescope until it is ________ to your eyes.
2) The shoes __ me well.
3) A red jacket doesn’t _____ green trousers.
4) No dish ____ all tastes.
5) You should _____ yourself to the new environment.
答案:adjusted, fit, match, suits, adapt
bench [bentʃ]   n.  长凳

【巧记】ben--ch.可联想成:ben奔,ch驰。口诀:“长凳”坐起来感觉像奔驰。

cut out  切去;省略;停止(做某事)

【词卡】cut down砍倒; 削减,压缩

cut up[]

cut off切断, 停掉;隔绝, 挡住

活用用恰当的介词填空。

1) I would cut _____ the bit about working as a waitress.

2) The car industry cut ______ production.

3) The woodchopper cut _______ the tree and cut it _______.

答案:: 1) out  2) down  3) down; up

microscope ['maɪkrəskəʊp]  n.  显微镜

【巧记】micro-scope.口诀:微小的眼界--显微镜

out of breath  上气不接下气

【词卡】hold one’s breath屏息

catch one’s breath松一口气

take a deep breath深深地吸了一口气

absence ['æbsəns]  n.  缺席;不在某处

【巧记】absen(t) +-ce(名词后缀)  反义词: presence(n.)

【典句】Every time after a long absence from school, I feel really stupid because I am a bit behind the others.

【考点】1常用短语:

in ones absence = in the absence of  当……不在时;当没有……

absence of mind 心不在焉

2absent adj

be absent from… “缺席……;缺乏……”  

He has been absent from school for three days. 他已经旷课3天了。

【活用】

The presence of social support helps people fend off(避开)illness, and the ____ of such support makes poor health more likely(likely:很可能发生的).
A. absence
   B. absent   C. appearance   D. help
key
A。注意此处为对比结构,空处应与presence相对应。

fellow['feləʊ]  adj.  同伴的;同类的 n. 同伴;同志;伙伴

【巧记】fell--ow.口诀:打倒(fell)卑贱(low)的人,剩下的就是“伙伴”。follow fellow---o-e蛋跟着鹅同伴

annoy[ə'nɔɪ]   vt.  使……不悦;惹恼

【巧记】an-no-y.口诀:一个不要,让人“烦恼”。

【考点】1)区别:annoyed  adj.  颇为生气的;恼怒的;烦恼的(形容人);annoying 令人恼火的(形容物)

           annoyance  n.  烦恼

2)常用搭配:be annoyed at/by sth.因为某事而感到困扰

get /be annoyed with sb.生某人的气

to sb’s annoyance  让某人恼火的是

【活用】完成句子:
1) Stop ______ your mother. She is busy.

2) He ____ _______ ____ his lost ID card.

答案:annoying was annoyed at
all in all  总而言之
firm[fɜːm]  n.  公司 adj.结实的;坚固的;坚定的

【巧记】fir—m.口诀:冷杉(fir)在山(m)上长得很“坚定的”。

software ['sɔft,wɛr]  n.  软件

【巧记】soft(软的)-ware((构成复合字...制品,...物品,...器皿)
sit around  闲坐着
as well as  和;也

【对比】as good as...一样好

as well,(常做状语), 相当于too; also

【活用】
1. She is good at math ________ English.
2. I am going to study abroad and my brother is going ________.
3. His story is ___________ a play.
答案:as well asas well; as good as
parrot['pærət]  n.  鹦鹉

【巧记】pa-r-rot ; 联想:pa怕,r鸟,rot胡说。口诀:“鹦鹉”怕鸟胡说。

tank[ŋk]   n.  (盛液体、气体的)大容器;缸;大桶

【巧记】tan-k.口诀:装坦克的大箱子。

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