B

       When you cough or sneeze, you’d better turn your head away from others and cover your mouth with the full part of your hand. And then, you should say, “Excuse me.”

       This seems so simple, but it is surprising how many kids have never been told to do this. Actually, I notice adults all the time who cough and sneeze in public without placing a hand over the mouth. One important thing I point out to the kids is that after they sneeze or cough on their hands, they should wash their hands as soon as possible. If not, they will be passing those germs(细菌)along to everything and everyone they touch.

       If you come to a door and someone is following you, hold the door. If the door opens by pulling, pull it open, stand to the side, and allow the other person to pass.

       After a few weeks of seeing kids try to get through doors in the school and watching them enter restaurants as the door hit other people, I knew I had to discuss the problem with my students. Teaching them small acts of kindness, such as letting someone else go through a door first as they hold it open, may seem unimportant, but it can go a long way toward helping students realize how to be polite and think others. Once they’ve been told, they’re halfway there.

       When we have to go up moving stairs, we will stand to the right. That will give others who are in a hurry a choice of walking up the left-hand side of the moving stairs. When we are going to enter a lift, the underground, of a doorway, we will wait for others to exit before we enter.

       After college when I moved to London, I was surprised at how polite everyone was in the subways. I was even more touched when I traveled to Japan. In both places, people made effort to make way for others. On moving stairs, everyone stood to the right and walked to the left. On lifts, everyone would stand over to the side and allow others to exit before they would begin to enter.

51. When you cough or sneeze, you should _________.

       A. touch everything     B. cover your mouth   C. point out to the kids       D. pass the germs to others

52. If you come to a door and someone is following you, you’d better ________.

       A. hold the door          B. pass through           C. close the door               D. stand to the side

53. From the passage we can know the writer is a _________.

       A. doctor                   B. traveler                  C. parent                         D. teacher

54. The passage is mainly about _________.

       A. the rules of behavior in public                      B. the ways of communication

       C. the acts of kindness among people                D. the knowledge of social life

51、52都属于事实细节题，根据基本技能二，就能轻松准确地找出答案。

51题选B。关键词cough和sneeze，对应第一段的第一句话：When you cough or sneeze, you’d better turn your head away from others and cover your mouth with the full part of your hand.

52题选A。关键词door和someone，对应第三段中的第一句话：If you come to a door and someone is following you, hold the door.

53题为推断题，推测作者的职业。根据第四段第一句话：After a few weeks of seeing kids try to ……I knew I had to discuss the problem with my students. 就可以推断出teacher。

54题选A，主旨题。根据每一段第一句话的，可知第一段讲咳嗽或打喷嚏时应注意的问题，第三段讲为走在后面的人开门，第五段讲乘移动电梯靠右站的问题。各段的中心归纳在一起，可明确判断出A选项为正确答案： the rules of behaviors in public (公共场所的行为规范)。

必杀技一：熟悉不同体裁文章的常见结构（总分，分总，层层递进等），明确各种结构的文章主旨呈现的方式（首段式，尾段式，平行式等）。

C

       It’s 2009. You feel sick, so you go to the doctor. She checks your fever, looks at your throat, and asks what you’ve been thinking about lately. When you leave, she gives you some medicine, but also a list of thinking skills that you are supposed to practice daily. She says that the way you think is causing some of your illness.

       Doctors and other scientists who study the human mind and try to explain why people behave in the way that they do, called psychologists, are starting to believe it. You know that your brain is connected to every part of your body through your nervous system(神经系统). Now scientists have proved that how you think and feel can have an influence on the health of your body.

       Stress(压力，紧张)is caused whenever there is a problem or a change in your life. Of course, everybody has stress more or less; nobody’s life is perfect. In fact, stress is necessary. Without stress, we would never learn anything or grow or change. We would probably be bored to death. But too much stress can hurt you. It can weaken your body’s protection so that you are more likely to catch diseases. It can even make you more likely to have an accident.

       When you feel stress, your brain sends a message to your body to produce a chemical called adrenaline(肾上腺素). Adrenaline speeds up your breathing and your heartbeat. Today you have a different kind of stress. Problems like endless homework or troubles with your family are the kind of things you can’t fight or run away from, so you don’t use up all that adrenaline. It just stays bottled up inside you, and that’s what can do something bad to you.

       What can you do about stress? First, you can try to find ways to change things so you aren’t under so much stress. You can set up a plan to finish homework or go to a doctor or a psychologist to try to work things out with your family or your friends. But sometimes you can’t change a stressful situation. Sometimes you don’t even want to.  A big change might be a good change, but it will still be stressful.

       The link(关系)between your body and brain works in two ways. Your body can help your mind deal with stress. If you are under stress, you need to take especially good care of your body. It’s important to get enough sleep and eat nutritious meals. Some people take a vitamin-mineral pill every day. Another thing that you can do is daily exercise. If you go walking or do aerobic dancing or work out at the gym, you give your body a chance to burn up some of that adrenaline. Of course, a person who isn’t used to much physical activity should start slowly. Anyone with a continuing physical problem should check with a doctor before starting any exercise programs.

55. A psychologist is a person who may help you with your ________.

       A. illness and abilities                                     B. thoughts and behavior

       C. mind and nervous system                            D. physical activity and daily exercise

56. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

       A. You shouldn’t go to the gym if you are under stress.

       B. One can do his homework to burn up adrenaline.

       C. Diseases and accidents are caused by stress.

       D. Everyone needs stress to improve himself.

57. From the last sentence of Paragraph 5 we can infer that ________.

       A. it’s difficult to change a stressful situation

       B. it’s not stressful when a good change takes place

       C. a big change will cause another stressful situation

       D. a stressful situation can’t be changed without any effort

58. What is probably the best title for this passage?

       A. The Body-Brain Link                                 B. The Causes of Stress

       C. The Advice on Health                                       D. The Nervous System

55题选B，词义推断题。推断psychologist的含义，当然要看它所在的句子，而句子的前半部分正是对该词的解释Doctors and other scientists who study the human mind and try to explain why people behave in the way they do, called psychologists, are starting to believe it. 释义的内容包括study the human mind和explain why people behave in the way they do，两个关键词“mind”（近义词thoughts）和“behave” 就脱颖而出了。所以答案选B。

必杀技能二：在文中的字里行间，常常对生词以定语(从句)、表语甚至用逗号、破折号,括弧等标点符号引出并加以解释说明。

56题选D，正误判断题。通过各选项的关键词，找出文章的对应点，两两对比，即可判断正误。

A. You shouldn’t go to the gym if you are under stress.对应文章最后一段Another thing that you can do is daily exercise. If you go walking or do aerobic dancing or work out at the gym, you give your body a chance to burn up some of that adrenaline.可知A正好与原文相反。

B. One can do his homework to burn up adrenaline.对应文章第四段Problems like endless homework or troubles with your family are the kind of things you can’t fight or run away from, so you don’t use up all that adrenaline. 可知B是与原文相反。

C. Diseases and accidents are caused by stress.对应文章第三段But too much stress can hurt you. It can weaken your body’s protection so that you are more likely to catch diseases. It can even make you more likely to have an accident.可见C项犯了两个错误，一是偷换了概念，把原文中的too much stress换成了stress；二是叙述太绝对，把文中的more likely to 忽略，直接说成are caused。

D. Everyone needs stress to improve himself.对应文章第三段In fact, stress is necessary. Without stress, we would never learn anything or grow or change.可知D是与原文一致的。

57题选C，推断题。Sometimes you can’t change a stressful situation. Sometimes you don’t even want to.  A big change might be a good change, but it will still be stressful.“有时候你不能改变一个充满压力的形势，有时候甚至是你不想去改变。（因为）即使是一个好的改变，它本身又会是很有压力的。”旨在说明改变本身就是一种新的压力。所以选C。

58题选A，主旨题。掌握了必杀技能一，可以轻松判断出这篇文章属首段暗示主题型，首段的记叙旨在突出一个主题：你的所思（brain）影响你的身体（body）；紧接着，第二段的You know that your brain is connected to every part of your body；第四段When you feel stress, your brain sends a message to your body to produce a chemical called adrenaline(肾上腺素)；第六段的The link(关系)between your body and brain works in two ways.层层推进，都是围绕The Body-Brain Link论述。