Colette 为法国作家Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette (January 28, 1873 – August 3, 1954)的笔名。 她因为创作了Gigi而获得了广泛的声誉.(Gigi这部小说发表于1945年，讲述一个法国贵绅与一巴黎女子的悱恻爱情。曾经多次被改编成电影、舞台剧、歌舞喜剧等等。其影响甚至抵达大洋彼岸，1951年11月美国百老汇上映了该剧。）

 

 

                 

 

 Early life, marriage（早年生活与婚姻）

 

     Colette 出生于法国勃艮第地区约讷省的Saint-Sauveur-en-Puisaye, 父母分被为 Jules-Joseph Colette 和 Adèle Eugénie Sidonie Landoy ('Sido')。1893年她嫁给了年长她15岁的Henri Gauthier-Villars。此人知名的绰号为Willy。（这个绰号就不翻译了）

 

Her first books, the Claudine series, were published under the pen name of her husband, 'Willy', writer, music critic, "literary charlatan and degenerate",[1] who locked Colette in her room until she wrote the required number of pages. Claudine still has the power to charm; in belle epoque France it was downright shocking, much to Willy's satisfaction and profit.（这丈夫真是...）

 

                

 Music hall career, affairs with women（剧院生涯，and 拉拉）
 
Colette in a publicity still for Rêve d'ÉgypteIn 1906 she left the unfaithful Gauthier-Villars, living for a time at the home of the American writer and salonist Natalie Barney. The two had a short affair, and remained friends until Colette's death.[1]

 

     1906年她离开了丈夫，短期居住在美国作家Natalie Barney家中。他们有过短暂的风流韵事，不过，直到科莱特去世，他们一直都保留着友谊。

 

    Colette took up work in the music halls of Paris, under the wing of Mathilde de Morny, the Marquise de Belbeuf, known as Missy, with whom she became romantically involved. In 1907, the two performed together in a pantomime entitled Rêve d'Égypte at the Moulin Rouge. Their onstage kiss nearly caused a riot, which the police were called in to suppress. As a result of this scandal, further performances of Rêve d'Égypte were banned and Colette and de Morny were no longer able to openly live together, though their relationship continued a total of five years.[2]

She also was involved in a heterosexual relationship during this time, with the Italian writer Gabriele D'Annunzio.

     科莱特在巴黎的剧场演出期间，与女演员 Marquise de Belbeuf坠入了情网。她们合作表演一哑剧Rêve d'Égypte时，公开在舞台上接吻（这在当时是惊世骇俗的），几乎引起了一场骚乱。直到警察介入制止。此后这出剧目被禁止继续上演，她们也被禁止在一起生活或者合作。然而私下里，这段关系几乎维持了整整5年。不过，准确地讲科莱特是个双性恋者，她同时也和意大利作家Gabriele D'Annunzio维持着恋情。

Second marriage, affair with stepson（第二段婚姻，与继子的暧昧关系）

In 1912 Colette married Henri de Jouvenel, the editor of the newspaper Le Matin. The couple had one daughter, Colette de Jouvenel, known to the family as Bel-Gazou. Colette later stated that her mother did not want a child and left her in the care of an English nanny, only rarely coming to visit her. In 1914, during World War I, Colette was approached to write a ballet for the Opéra de Paris which she outlined under the title "Divertissements pour ma fille".

 

  

 

 

 

After Colette herself chose Maurice Ravel to write the music, he reimagined the work as an opera, to which Colette agreed. Ravel received the libretto to L'Enfant et les sortilèges in 1918, and it was first performed March 21, 1925. [2] During the war she converted her husband's St. Malo estate into a hospital for the wounded, and was made a Chevalier of the Legion of Honour (1920). She divorced Henri de Jouvenel in 1924 after a much talked about affair with her stepson, Bertrand de Jouvenel.

 

     1912年科莱特和报社编辑Henri de Jouvenel结婚。一战期间，因为把丈夫的一笔不动产捐献给医院，而在1920年获得了法国军团荣誉勋章。同时也笔耕不辍，与音乐家Maurice Ravel合作完成了一部歌剧（芭蕾舞剧？），并在1925年3月首次上映。1924年科莱特终与丈夫离婚，谣传，起因在于科莱特与继子Bertrand de Jouvenel关系暧昧。(注：Bertrand de Jouvenel后来也是法国知名人士，为哲学家、政治经济学家、未来主义者，去世于1987年。）

 Third marriage（第三次婚姻）
 
Colette married Maurice Goudeket in 1935. After 1935 her legal name was simply Sidonie Goudeket. Maurice Goudeket published a book about his wife, Close to Colette: An Intimate Portrait of a Woman of Genius. An English translation was published in 1957 by Farrar, Straus & Cudahy, New York.

 

     1935年嫁给Maurice Goudeket后，科莱特登记用的名字改成了Sidonie Goudeket。后来，Maurice Goudeket出版了一本书讲述他不一般的妻子，书名叫《Close to Colette: An Intimate Portrait of a Woman of Genius》（倒是蛮贴切的）

 Continued writings（继续的写作生涯）

Post-war, her writing career bloomed following the publication of Chéri (1920). Chéri tells a story of the end of a six-year affair between an ageing retired courtesan, Léa, and a pampered young man, Chéri. Turning stereotypes upside-down, it is Chéri who wears silk pyjamas and Léa's pearls, and who is the object of gaze. And in the end Léa demonstrates all the survival skills which Colette associates with femininity. (The story continued in The Last of Chéri (1926), which contrasts Léa's strength and Chéri's fragility and decline).

 

    1920年出版Chéri，1926年出版续集The Last of Chéri

 

After Cheri Colette entered the world of modern poetry and paintings centered around Jean Cocteau, who was later her neighbor in Jardins du Palais-Royal. The relationship and life is vividly depicted in their books. By 1927 she was frequently acclaimed as France's greatest woman writer. "It ... has no plot, and yet tells of three lives all that should be known", wrote Janet Flanner of Sido on its publication in 1930. "Once again, and at greater length than usual, she has been hailed for her genius, humanities and perfect prose by those literary journals which years ago ... lifted nothing at all in her direction except the finger of scorn."

 

     完成 Cheri以后科莱特开始涉足音乐绘画领域，这是受她的邻居 Jean Cocteau的影响（此人也是多才多艺，除了是文学家以外，还是电影制作人，甚至拳击手经纪人，他于1963年去世）。二人的关系在他们的著作中有生动的描述。从1927年起，科莱特便常常被称为法国最优秀的女作家，获得了广泛的赞誉。

 

              

                             Jean Cocteau

 

     她出版了超过50本小说，多数带有自传色彩，其基调大致可分为田园牧歌式的清晰自然与情欲爱恨的苦痛挣扎、内心纠葛两类。其创作风格细腻入微，并且惊人的直率。她最出名的作品GIGI，不仅多次改编为电影、舞台剧，而且在美国也引起了轰动。

 

    

 

 

She published around fifty novels in total, many with autobiographical elements. Her themes can be roughly divided into idyllic natural tales or dark struggles in relationships and love. All her novels were marked by clever observation and dialogue with an intimate, explicit style. Her most popular novel, Gigi, was made into a Broadway play as well as a highly successful Hollywood motion picture with the title Gigi starring Maurice Chevalier, Louis Jourdan, and Leslie Caron.

 Legacy

A controversial figure throughout her life, Colette flaunted her lesbian affairs, and collaborated with the Vichy regime during World War II - while at the same time aiding her Jewish friends. She was a member of the Belgian Royal Academy (1935), president of the Académie Goncourt (1949) (and the first woman to be admitted into it, in 1945), and a Chevalier (1920) and a Grand Officier (1953) of the Légion d'honneur.

 

 

    科莱特一生充满争议。比如她高调的承认自己是女同性恋者，二战期间与维希傀儡政府合作等等（不过在二战中她也尽力保护自己的犹太友人）。荣誉方面，她是比利时皇家艺术学院的会员，是法国Académie Goncourt协会的会长（1949，此前，1945年她还是该协会第一个女性会员。注：该协会为根据法国文学家Edmond de Goncourt遗愿设定的文学组织），等等。

 

When she died in Paris on August 3, 1954, she was given a state funeral, although she was refused Roman Catholic rites because of her divorce. Colette is interred in Le Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris.

 

    1954年去世时，科莱特获得了法国国葬待遇（当年瓦莱里也有此殊荣）。虽然因为离异不被正统天主教会所容忍，但她还是得以安葬与巴黎Le Père Lachaise 公墓。

 

 

 

我为什么会想起科莱特？西顿的科莱特？黎巴嫩的女儿？只因为一张相片，还有她的小冢。

 

我感觉到爱，还有欲望，还有她的讪笑，和她的妩媚。

 

我感觉到恨，还有冷漠，波斯菊盛开的日子，她的女儿，在寻找着母亲。

 

西顿的科莱特，她不属于这里。我羡慕她的坟墓。因此我感到哀愁。

 

她的朋友们，已是一张张黑白照片。

 

而我，还是彩色的。

 

 

 

http://www.2shared.com/fadmin/2085026/526babb3/lingshan.zip