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初中英语语法知识梳理:形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的讲解和练习

(2019-11-15 19:02:57)
标签:

初中英语语法

分类: 名师讲坛

同学们,刚刚接触形容词性物主代词,是不是对其背后的故事很有兴趣啊?那就关注我们本期的节目,精彩不容错过哦!

概念导入: 物主代词表示“……()”,表所属关系。形容词性物主代词是其中的一种,它具有形容词的特性。

成员亮相  形容词性物主代词有:  my, your, his, her, its, our(我们的), your(你们的),their(他们的)

用法点击:

形容词性物主代词其后必须跟名词。 如: 1)形容词性物主代词不能单独使用,后面必接名词,表示所有.:

 my pen我的钢笔   your bag你的书包   his bike他的自行车  her desk她的书桌   its name它的名字

Is that your bike? 那是你的自行车吗        Those are our books. 那些是我们的书。

如果名词前有形容词性物主代词,就不能同时用冠词(a, an,the)或指示代词(this, that, these, those)修饰此名词。

•   []This is my pen.      []This is my a pen.

•   []This is a pen.         [] This is a my pen.

形容词性物主代词与形容词一起修饰名词时,要放在形容词之前。 如:his English books 他的英语书

their Chinese friends 他们的中国朋友

物主代词:分形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词。

 形容词性物主代词相当于一个形容词,在句中作定语用,其后一定要接名词。例如:This is my  coat  .Those are  your sweater.    

  名词性的物主代词相当于一个名词,在句中作主语、表语或宾语,能单独使用。

 形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词之间的关系为:

 名词性物主代词 =相应的形容词性物主代词+名词

  例如:Your bedroom(=yours) is big.  Mine (=My bedroom) is big, too.

 你的卧室大。我的卧室也大。

   例题1. This new computer is     , I must look after ____ computer.

     A. my, mine   B. mine, my    C. my, my      D. mine, mine

2. –Is this new bag       ?  --No, it’s      .

   A. his, his       B. his, hers    C. yours, my     D. hers, your

3.–Is Tom a friend of yours? --Yes, he is a friend of      .

     A. I           B. me         C. my        D. mine

答案:1-3BBD3。在“a friend of……”“a classmate of……”等句型中,后面应加名词性物主代词,因此该题的答案为D

注意:在使用名词性物主代词时,必须有特定的语言环境,也就是要省略的名词大家已经知道,已经提起过。

例:It’s hers.      是她的。

(单独使用大家不知是怎么回事,不可以这样用)

There is a book. It’s hers. 那有本书。是她的。(先提及,大家才明白)

特别提醒:汉语表达常有省略字的习惯,:我哥哥、你们老师。其中你们的实际意义分别是我的你们的”,所以英语中只能译成my brother, your teacher;而不能译成 I brother, you teacher

英语中的定语和汉语中的定语相类似,是修饰名词的。如:a beautiful girl中的beautiful 就是定于修饰girl。状语是修饰动词的,表示动词发生的时间,地点,方式或原因等,如;He often goes to school by bus.中宾语by bus 就是修饰动词goes to school表示方式的。冠词是英语中独有的词,汉语中没有这种词。顾名思义,冠就是帽子的意思,是放在名词的上面。如:the man 中的the就是放在名词man的前面,特指那一个.英语中的名词和汉语中的名词基本相同。如:book(书),desk(桌子)等。形容词性的物主代词,后面必须跟名词,因为这一类的物主代词起到的是形容词的作用。如:my teacher中的my .你们现在所接触的介词大多数时表示方位的介词。如:in , on ,in front of, behind等。

 

形容词性和名词性物主代词专练

一、选择填空:  

1. This is my book. Its not __________. (your/ yours)

2. My pencil is on the desk. Wheres ____________?(her/ hers)

3. ___________ bike is not on the table. ___________ is there. (Her/ Mine)

4. Whose coat is it?  Its __________. Its __________ calculator. (my/ mine)

5. Are they ___________ (your/ yours) toys? Yes, theyre _________(our/ ours).

二、用所给词的适当形式填空:

1. That is not _________ apple. That apple is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )

2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she ) 
3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )
4. _____ is my brother. ______ name is Jack. Look! Those photos are _______. ( he )
5. _________ dresses are red. (we)   What colour are _________? ( you )
6. Here are many bags, which one is _________ ? ( she )
7. I can find my eraser, but where’s _________? ( you )
8. Give _________ your cap, OK? (they)
9. I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi.These cakes are _________. ( it )
10. This classroom is not _______. That is ________classroom. ( we )
11. _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job?_________is a nurse. ( she )
12. Where are ________? I can’t find ________.Let’s call ________ parents. ( they )
13. _________ don’t know her name.Would you please tell _________. ( we )
14. I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3.I like _________ very much. ( he )
15.The girl next to _________ is our friend. (she )

.单项选择.

1.This is a girl._____ name is Lily.  A.His      B.She     C.Her         D.Its

2.This is Wang Fang._____ is twelve.  A.His     B.She    C.Her     D.Its

3.I _____ a girl._______ name is Wang Hong.

A.am;My       B.is;Her       C.am;Your     D.is;His

4.Li Lei ______ a boy._____ is in class 5. A.am;He  B.is;She  C.are;His  D.is;He

5.-----Is the cat ______friend?------Yes,_______.

A.your;it isn’t     B.he;it is   C.your;it is       D.her;it isn’t

6.This is a bird.   I don’t know _____name.  A.its’  B.it’s     C.it       D.its

7.-------How old is Spotty?-----____ five.    A.its’    B.It’s     C.it     D.its

8.what’s this?    It’s ____pencil.   A.my a     B.a my  C.my the     D.my

9.I think _____ Mrs Wang.    A.he’s      B. His     C.she’s      D.it’s

10-----What’s that?    -----_____ is a cat.   A.It   B.He    C.She   D.You

11.This new computer is  _____   , I must look after    _____  computer.

  A. my, mine       B. mine, my   C. my, my    D. mine, mine

12.–Is this new bag  _____    ?  --No, it’s _____      .

    A. his, his      B. his, hers       C. yours, my    D. hers, your

13.–Is Tom a friend of yours?    --Yes, he is a friend of    _____         .

    A. I           B. me         C. my        D. mine


物主代词两类型,形容词与名词性。

形容词性作定语,后面定把名词用。

名词性要独立用,主宾表语它都充。

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