阅读原文

The most thoroughly studied in the history of the new world are the minister and political leaders of seventeen-century New England. According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial American was “So much important attached to intellectual pursuits.” According many book and articles, New England’s leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life.

To take this approach to the New Englanders normally mean to start with the Puritans’ theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church-important subjects that we may not neglect. But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European culture adjusting to New world circumanstances. The New England colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understand ideals of civility and virtuosity.

The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England. Besides the ninety or so learned ministers who came to Massachusetts church in the decade after 1629, there were political leaders like John Winthrop, an educated gentlemen, lawer, and official of the Crown before he journey to Boston. These men wrote and published extensively, reaching both New World and Old World audiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness.

We should not forget, however, that most New Englanders were less well educated. While few crafts men or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, it is obvious that their views were less fully intellectualized. Their thinking often had a traditional supersitions quality. A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs. Sexual confusion, economic frustrations, and religious hope-all came together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words: “come out from among them, touch no unclean thing, and I will be your God and you shall be my people.” One wonder what Dane thought of the careful semons explaining the Bible that he heard in churches.

Meanwhile, many settlers had slighter religious commitments than Dane’s, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New world for religion. “Our main end was to catch fish.”

 

 

题目

36. The author notes that in the seventeenth-century New England______.

[A] Puritan tradition dominated political life.

[B] intellectual interests were encouraged.

[C] Politics benefited much from intellectual endeavors.

[D] intellectual pursuits enjoyed a liberal environment.

 

 

37. It is suggested in paragraph 2 that Englanders________.

[A] experienced a comparatively peaceful early history.

[B] brought with them the culture of the Old World.

[C] paid little attention to southern intellectual life.

[D] were obsessed with religious innovations.

 

 

38. The early ministers and political leader in Massachusetts Bay______.

[A] were famous in the New World for their writings.

[B] gained increasing importance in religious affairs.

[C] abandoned high positions before coming to the New World.

[D] created a new intellectual atmosphere in New England.

 

 

39. The story of John Dane shows that less well-educated New Englanders were often______.

[A] influenced by superstitions.

[B] troubled with religious beliefs.

[C] puzzled by church sermons.

[D] frustrated with family earning.

 

 

40. The story suggests that early settler in New England_____.

[A] were mostly engaged in political activities.

[B] were motivated by an illusory prospect.

[C] came from different backgrounds.

[D] left few formal records for later reference.

 

 

 

全文翻译

对新世界的历史研究最深入的是十七世纪新英格兰的大臣和政治领导者。根据美国哲学的的标准历史：在美国的殖民地中，没有地方是“如此的重视爱慕知识追求。”根据许多书和文章，新英格兰的领导者建立了一个基本的主题和演变的关注点，这些支配着清教徒在美国知识生活的传统。

通常，用这种方式去认识新英格兰人意味着清教的神学革新的开始和他们与众不同的神学是我们不能忽视的重要的科目的观点。但是在考察与南方的知识生活保持一致的时候，我们可能考虑原始的清教徒作为欧洲文化的载体适应了新世界环境。新英格兰殖民地是追求广泛理解利益和精湛技巧思想的重要发源地。

早期马萨诸塞湾的住户包括受过良好教育的人和在英格兰有影响力的人。除了大约九十个1629年的十年后来自于马萨诸塞州的教堂的博学大臣外，这儿还有像John Winthrop这样博学的绅士律师一样的政治领导者，在波士顿之前曾是皇宫官员。这些人广泛地出版和写作，送到丢世界和新世界的观众，给新世界营造了知识追求的氛围。

然而，我们不应该忘记，大多数新英格兰人没有接受良好的教育。几乎没有工艺品和农民，更不用手家人和仆人，没有文学作品可供分析，很明显，他们的观点一点也不具有知识性。他们的思想常常有传统的迷信色彩。一个名字叫John Dane的裁缝，十七世纪三十年代后期移居过来，他给出的离开英格兰的原因充满了征兆。性的困惑，经济挫败和宗教信仰，都在他打开《圣经》这个决定性的时刻聚集在一起，他告诉他的父亲他看到的第一行将决定他的命运，他读出了这个魔幻般的句子，“从他们中出来，接触干净的东西，我将是你的上帝，你将是我的子民。”人们惊讶Dane在教堂听到的细心解释的义符时，心里在想什么。

与此同时，许多居民比起Dane不太重视宗教信仰，就像教士沿着海岸在面对人们时听到的，他们欺骗道他们来到新世界不是为了宗教。“我们的最终目的是为了抓鱼。”

 

 

逐句翻译

第一段

The most thoroughly studied in the history of the new world are the minister(部长；大臣；牧师) and political leaders of seventeen-century New England.

对新世界的历史研究最深入的是十七世纪新英格兰的大臣和政治领导者。

 

 

According to the standard history of American philosophy(哲学；哲理；人生观), nowhere else in colonial(殖民地的，殖民的) American was “So much important attached to intellectual pursuits.”

根据美国哲学的的标准历史：在美国的殖民地中，没有地方是“如此的重视爱慕知识追求。”

 

 

According many book and articles, New England’s leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations(全神贯注，入神；当务之急；成见) of an unfolding(演变；伸展；展开), dominant(支配的；统治的) Puritan(清教徒的；清教徒) tradition in American intellectual life.

根据许多书和文章，新英格兰的领导者建立了一个基本的主题和演变的关注点，这些支配着清教徒在美国知识生活的传统。

 

 

第二段

To take this approach to the New Englanders normally(正常地；通常地；一般地) mean to start with the Puritans’ theological(神学的，神学上的)innovations and their distinctive(与众不同的；有特色的) ideas about the church-important subjects that we may not neglect.

通常，用这种方式去认识新英格兰人意味着清教的神学革新的开始和他们与众不同的神学是我们不能忽视的重要的科目的观点。

 

 

But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European culture adjusting to New world circumanstances.

但是在考察与南方的知识生活保持一致的时候，我们可能考虑原始的清教徒作为欧洲文化的载体适应了新世界环境。

 

 

The New England colonies were the scenes(场景；现场) of important episodes(发作，插曲) in the pursuit of widely understand ideals of civility(礼仪) and virtuosity(精湛技巧；艺术爱好者).

新英格兰殖民地是追求广泛理解利益和精湛技巧思想的重要发源地。

 

 

第三段

The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England.

早期马萨诸塞湾的住户包括受过良好教育的人和在英格兰有影响力的人。

 

 

Besides the ninety or so learned ministers who came to Massachusetts church in the decade after 1629, there were political leaders like John Winthrop, an educated gentlemen, lawer, and official of the Crown(王冠) before he journey to Boston.

除了大约九十个1629年的十年后来自于马萨诸塞州的教堂的博学大臣外，这儿还有像John Winthrop这样博学的绅士律师一样的政治领导者，在波士顿之前曾是皇宫官员。

 

 

These men wrote and published extensively(广阔地；广大地), reaching both New World and Old World audiences(观众，受众), and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness.

这些人广泛地出版和写作，送到丢世界和新世界的观众，给新世界营造了知识追求的氛围。

 

 

第四段

We should not forget, however, that most New Englanders were less well educated.

然而，我们不应该忘记，大多数新英格兰人没有接受良好的教育。

 

 

While few crafts (工艺品，手艺) men or farmers (农民), let alone (更不用说) dependents and servants, left literary (文学的；书面的；精通文学的) compositions(组成部分；艺术作品) to be analyzed, it is obvious that their views were less fully intellectualized.

几乎没有工艺品和农民，更不用手家人和仆人，没有文学作品可供分析，很明显，他们的观点一点也不具有知识性。

 

 

Their thinking often had a traditional supersitions(迷信) quality.

他们的思想常常有传统的迷信色彩。

 

 

A tailor(裁缝；剪裁) named John Dane, who emigrated(移居；移居外国；移民) in the late 1630s, left an account(账户；解释) of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs.

一个名字叫John Dane的裁缝，十七世纪三十年代后期移居过来，他给出的离开英格兰的原因充满了征兆。

 

 

Sexual confusion, economic frustrations, and religious hope-all came together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father the first line he saw would settle his fate(命运；注定), and read the magical words: “come out from among them, touch no unclean thing, and I will be your God and you shall be my people.”

性的困惑，经济挫败和宗教信仰，都在他打开《圣经》这个决定性的时刻聚集在一起，他告诉他的父亲他看到的第一行将决定他的命运，他读出了这个魔幻般的句子，“从他们中出来，接触干净的东西，我将是你的上帝，你将是我的子民。”

 

 

One wonder what Dane thought of the careful semons(义符) explaining the Bible that he heard in churches.

人们惊讶Dane在教堂听到的细心解释的义符时，心里在想什么。

 

 

第五段

Meanwhile, many settlers had slighter(轻微的；细小的；无需重视的) religious commitments(承诺；委托；献身) than Dane’s, as one clergyman(牧师；教士) learned in confronting(面对；反抗) folk(民族；人们；民间的) along the coast(海岸；滑行) who mocked(欺骗) that they had not come to the New world for religion. “Our main end was to catch fish.”

与此同时，许多居民比起Dane不太重视宗教信仰，就像教士沿着海岸在面对人们时听到的，他们欺骗道他们来到新世界不是为了宗教。“我们的最终目的是为了抓鱼。”

 

 

题目翻译

36. The author notes that in the seventeenth-century New England______.

[A] Puritan tradition dominated political life.

[B] intellectual interests were encouraged.

[C] Politics benefited much from intellectual endeavors.

[D] intellectual pursuits enjoyed a liberal environment.

 

36. 作者注意到在17世纪新英格兰________。

[A] 清教传统支配者政治生活。

[B] 知识兴趣被鼓励。

[C] 政治的好处大多数来自于知识的追求。

[D] 知识追求享受着一个自由的环境。

 

37. It is suggested in paragraph 2 that Englanders________.

[A] experienced a comparatively peaceful early history.

[B] brought with them the culture of the Old World.

[C] paid little attention to southern intellectual life.

[D] were obsessed(痴迷) with religious innovations.

 

37. 第二段中暗示英格兰人______。

[A] 经历了相对和平的早期历史。

[B] 他们带来了旧世界的文化。

[C] 不关注南方的知识生活。

[D] 痴迷于宗教革新。

 

38. The early ministers and political leader in Massachusetts Bay______.

[A] were famous in the New World for their writings.

[B] gained increasing importance in religious affairs.

[C] abandoned high positions before coming to the New World.

[D] created a new intellectual atmosphere in New England.

 

38. 在马萨诸塞湾的早期大臣和政治领导人____。

[A] 因为他们的作品在新世界而著名。

[B] 在宗教事务上获得了越来越多的重要性。

[C] 在离开新世界前放弃了高的职位。

[D] 在新世界创造了新的知识氛围。

 

39. The story of John Dane shows that less well-educated New Englanders were often______.

[A] influenced by superstitions.

[B] troubled with religious beliefs.

[C] puzzled by church sermons.

[D] frustrated with family earning.

 

39. John Dane的故事展示了没有接受良好教育的新英格兰人常常_______。

[A] 被迷信影响。

[B] 被宗教信仰困惑。

[C] 被教堂义符。

[D] 被家庭收入挫败。

 

40. The story suggests that early settler in New England_____.

[A] were mostly(主要地；通常；多半地) engaged in(从事于，忙于) political activities.

[B] were motivated by an illusory(错觉的；幻影的；虚假的) prospect.

[C] came from different backgrounds.

[D] left few formal records for later reference.

 

40. 这个故事暗示在新英格兰的早期居民_______。

[A] 主要从事于政治活动。

[B] 被幻觉的前景激励。

[C] 来自于不同的背景。

[D] 给后人没有留下可供参考的记录。