加载中…be to do的用法详解
(2017-10-16 12:45:32)
标签：
betodo的用法 |
分类： 英语语法 |
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在英语里，“be to
do”这个结构有两种语法意义：其一是连系动词be+动词不定式做表语，其二是be
to是一个独立词汇单位,具有情态含义,可以把它叫做情态习语(modal idiom)。下面，我们就来看看“be to
do”的具体用法吧！
一、be
to +动词不定式结构，其中的be to用作情态习语,这时的be to do表示:
“计划”、“安排”、“义务”、“应该”、“可能”、“命运”等。(have to, ought
to)。
1.表示“将”、“计划”、“安排”。(意思接近于be going
to)例如：
Their
daughter is to get married soon. （他们的女儿很快就会结婚。）
We
are to meet at the school gate. （我们将在校门口碰头。）
They
are to go travelling in August. （他们计划八月份去旅游。）
When
are you to leave for home?（你什么时候回家？）
She
is to be married next
month.（她将于下个月结婚。）
The
Queen is to visit Japan in a week’s
time.（女王将于一周后访问日本。）
was/
were to
do表示过去曾经计划要做的事，或者过去应当做的事，而且从现在的角度来看已经实现了。例如：
I felt nervous because I was
soon to leave home for the first time.
I was
to play Juliet.
The
expedition was to start in a week’s
time.
was/
were to have
done,表示“本打算”、“本计划”或“本应当”做的事而没有做成或没有发生。例如:
I was to have seen him last
Wednesday, but he didn’t come.
We
were to have been married last year.
2.表示“义务”、“应该” 。(意思接近于should， must， ought to，
have to)例如：
No
one is to leave the building.（谁也不得离开这楼房。）
You
are not to smoke in this room.=You are not supposed to smoke
in this room.
You
are to be back by 10
o’clock.（你必须十点以前回来。）
You
are to be back before five o'clock. （你须在5点钟以前回来。）
The
room is to be locked. （这个房间要上锁。）
I am
to inform you that the meeting will be held in Wuhan.
（我谨通知你会议将在武汉召开。）
3.表示可能性,相当于can, may，例如:
Such books are to be found in
the library.（这样的书在图书馆里就能找到。）
Not a
single sound was to be heard.（一点儿声音也听不到。）
Not a
soul was to be seen.（看不到一个人影。）
She
was nowhere to be found.（哪儿也找不到她。）
It's
eleven o'clock now. He is to get to Mike's house. （现在 11
点了，可能他已经到达迈克的家了。）
Let's
see who is to win the game. （让我们看看谁会赢得这场比赛。）
4.表示“命运”,将来必然要发生的事,译作“注定……”。例如：
He
came to power, but he was to play dearly for it: soon he was
assassinated.（他掌权了，却付出了代价：很快他被暗杀了。）
The
worst is still to come.（未来还会更糟。）
They
said goodbye, little knowing they were never to meet
again.（他们说再见，却不知道他们再也见不到面了。）
They
were never to meet again. （他们注定以后永远不会再见面了。）
5.用于“if…were to do”，表示虚拟语气。
例如：
If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting
would be put off.如果明天下雨,运动会就会延期。
6.
表示“用途”。例如：
A pen
is to write with. （钢笔是用来写字的。）
7.
表示“应该做（某事）”。例如：
What
are we to do next? （我们下一步应该怎么办？）
What
is to be done when something gets into your eyes? （如果你眼睛里进了东西，
该怎么办？）
8.
表示“征求对方的意见”。例如：
Am I to go on with the work?
（这项工作我是不是接着干下去？）
When
are they to hand in their plan?
（他们的计划什么时候交上来？）
9.
表示“目的”。例如：
The
prize was to honour him for his great discoveries.
（这项奖励是为了对他的重大发现而表示的敬意。）
（二）、be
+动词不定式,不定式做表语,表示主语和表语在概念上是等同的。例如：
The problem is to find a
solution.
His
plan is to clean the room.
My
wish is to be a doctor.
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