部分摘录，以备不时之需。三脚猫的英文水平常被迫要翻译很多超出本人能力的英语。特此转载部分法律条文。以后应该会用到。

以下是Part 3

词语的翻译（二）

1． 复叠词的翻译

法律英语在用词方面的特点之一，是常常讲两个同义词或近义词复叠在一起使用，形成相对固定或稳定的词组，或是为了加强语势，或是为了措辞严谨。在翻译时，大体上有下列两种方法：

（1） 两个复叠的词意义相同或大体相同，一般只需译成一个汉语词：

(a) The contract was declared null and void by the competent authority. 主管部门宣布该合同无效。

(b) If any one or more of the provisions contained in this Agreement shall be invaild, illegal, or unenforceable in any respect under any applicable law, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions contained herein shall not in any way be affected or impaired and shall remain in full force and effect. 如果本协议的某条或数条条款，根据任何适用法律在任何方面是无效的、不合法的、或不能强制执行的，则本协议的其他条款的效力、合法性和可执行性不受任何影 响或损害，并依然完全有效。

(c) During the term of this Agreement, Party A shall undertake, renew and maintain for its benefit and interest, and at its own cost and expense, the following primary insurance policies. 在本协议期间，甲方应为自身利益自费购买、续买和保持下列主要保险。

(d) Party A further represents and warrants that the Land is free and clear of any and all claims, charges, easement, encumbranches, lease, convenants, security interest, liens, option, pledge, rights of others, or restrictions. 甲方进一步陈述和保证，该土地不存在任何权利主张、抵押、地役权、权利负担、租约、契约、担保权益、留置权、购买权、质押、他人权利或限制。

(e) In the event that any of the conditions referred to in Clause X is not fulfilled on or before the Cut-off Date, then the Puchaser may by notice to the Vendor terminate this Agreement whereupon all obligations and liabilities of the parties hereunder shall cease and determine. 如果在截止日期或之前，X款提到的任何条件未得到满足，买方则可以经通知卖方终止本协议。协议一旦终止，各方在本协议项下的所有义务和责任即刻终止。

（2） 两个复叠的词意义相近，可用两个汉语近义词来翻译，以充分体现原文的意旨：

(a) The Company shall, at its own cost and expense, at all times during operation of the factory and other facilities and during any construction work take out and maintain full and adequate property insurance covering the buildings, contents, and other first party risks of the Company as are customarily insured against in China. 公司应在工厂和其他设施运营期间以及工程施工期间，自费购买并保有在中国按惯例应予保险的，包括公司建筑物，内部设施以及其他第一方风险在内的全面和充分 的财产保险。

(b) Each Party undertakes with the other Party that it shall treat as strictly confidential all information received or obtained by it or its employees, agents or advisers as a result of entering into or performing this Agreement and that it shall not at any time hereafter make use of or disclose or divulge to any person any such information. 各方向另一方承诺，其将对因签订或履行本协议而由其或其雇员，代理人或顾问得到或获得的所有信息严格保密，且在此后任何时候均不使用或向任何人披露或泄露 任何该等信息。

2． 一连串相关词的翻译

法律英语在用词方面的另一个特征是，常常把一连串意义相关或相近的词房子一起，以求全面而无疏漏。 但由于并不是每个法律用词在汉语中都有完全等同或对应的词，这给翻译造成了难题。处理这个问题的办法是，能找到对应词的，尽量用对应词来译；没有类似的同 类词的，只能暂告阙如。

(a) The Parties agree that this Agreement may be pleaded in any court of competent jurisdiction as a bar to any action, suit, claim, cause of action or proceeding commenced by Party B against Party A or Party C for or in respect of or in any way connected with or arising out of the claim. 各方同意，本协议可在有管辖权的任何法庭上用于答辩，以阻止乙方为索赔、就索赔、与索赔有关或因索赔而向甲方或丙方提起诉讼、索赔、诉讼事由或诉讼程序。

(b)  Taxation shall comprise all forms of taxes, including without limitation income tax, capital gains tax, stamp duty, tariffs, customs duties, import and export duties, impositions, duties and levies, and all fines, penalties, charges, fees, costs and rates imposed, levied and collected by the taxation authority and other competent authorities. 税收包括各种形式的税项，包括但不限于税务局和其他主管部门征收的所得税、资本利得税、印花税、关税、进出口税、各种征税、以及一切罚金、收费和税款。

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相关条款的翻译

1． Each Party undertakes with the other Party that it shall treat as strictly confidential all information received or obtained by it or its employees, agents or advisers as a result of entering into or performing this Agreement including information realting to the provisions of this Agreement, the negotiations leading up to this Agreement, the subject matter of this Agreement or the business or affairs of the other Party or any member of the other Party’s group of companies and that it shall not at any time hereafter make use of or disclose or divulge to any person any such information and shall use its best endeavors to prevent the publication or disclosure of any such information.

各方向另一方承诺，其将对因签订或履行本协议而由其或其雇员、代理人或顾问得到或获得的所有信息，包括与本协议的规定、为达成本协议进行的谈判、本协议的 标的、或另一方的或另一方集团公司任意成员的业务或事物相关的信息严格保密，其在此后任何时候均不使用或向任何人披露或泄露任何该等信息，并竭力防止该等 信息的公布或披露。

2． From and after the date of this Agreement, Party A shall, and shall cause its affiliates and successors to, use the same efforts to maintain the confidentiality of any Confidential Information as Party A used to maintain the confidentiality of such information prior to the date hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Party A and its affiliates and successors shall, after prior notice to, and consultation with Party B, be permitted to disclose any such Confidential Information to the extent legally required or necessary for obtaining appropriate regulatory licenses or approvals.

自本协议之日起及其后，甲方应尽力并应促使其关联公司或承继人尽力对机密信息进行保密，一如其在本协议之日前为该等机密信息保密。尽管有前述规定，甲方及 其关联公司和承继人经事先通知乙方并与乙方协商后，应允许其仅按照法律要求，或为获得有关管理部门的执照或批准而披露必须予以披露任何该等机密信息。

3． All Proprietary Information disclosed by either Party or its affiliates to the CJV in accordance with the provisions of this Contract and the Technology License Agreement and/or the Tragdemark License Agreement to be entered into between an affiliate of Party B and the CJV on or about the date hereof substantially in the form attached hereto as Appendix X shall be used by the CJV and its personnel solely for the CJV’s account and purposes. Each party and any of its affiliates shall maintain the secrecy of all Proprietary Information that may be disclosed or furnished to it by the CJV or the other Party and its affiliates, and neither of the Parties or their affiliates shall disclose or reveal any such Propriertary Information to any third party without explicit written authorization form the other Party. Any Proprietary Information obtained by the CJV or a Party or its affiliates may be disclosed only to the designated employees of the CJV or that Party and its affiliates whose duties so require for the implementation of this Contract. The CJV and each Party and its affiliates shall take all reasonable precautions (including the conclusion of confidentiality contracts with each such employee) to prevent such employees from using and disclosing the Proprietary Information in contravention of this Article 3.

任何一方或其关联公司根据本合同及一方一家关联公司与合作经营企业于本合同同日或稍后签订的技术许可协议和/或商标许可协议（其格式见附件五）的规定，向 合作经营企业披露的所有专有信息，仅供合作经营企业及其人员用于合作经营企业的自身利益和目的。各方及其关联公司应对合作经营企业或另一方及其关联公司向 其披露或提供的所有专有信息保密；未经另一方明示的书面授权，任何一方或其关联公司不得向任何第三方披露或透露任何该等专有信息。合作经营企业或一方或其 关联公司获得的人和专有信息，只能披露给为执行本合同其职责需要其知悉该等信息的合作经营企业或该方及其关联公司的指定雇员。合作经营企业和各方及其关联 公司应采取一切合理的预防措施（包括与每一个该等雇员订立保密合同），防止该等雇员违反本条规定而使用或披露专有信息。

4． “Confidential Information” means all documents, software and documentation, reports, financial or other data, records, forms, tools, products, services, methodologies, present and future research, technical knowledge, marketing plans, trade secrtes, and other materials obtained by Consultant and Client from each other in the course of performing any Services, whether tangible or intangible and whether or not stored, compiled, or memorized physically, electronically, graphically, in writing, or by any means now known or later invented. Confidential Information includes without Limitation records and information and Counsultant’s Information (i) that has been marked as proprietary or confidential; (ii) whose confidential nature has been made known by Client or Consultant; or (iii) that due to its character and nature, a resonable person under like circumstances would treat as confidential. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Confidential Information does not include information which (i) is already known to the recipient at the time or disclosure; (ii) is or becomes publicly known through no wonderful act or failure of the recipient; (iii) is independent ly developed by the recipient without benefit of the other party’s Confidential Information; or (iv) is received from a third party wihich is not under and does not thereby breach an obligation of confidentiality. Each party agrees to pro tect the other’s Confidential Information at all times and in the same manner as each protects the confidentiality of its own proprietary and confidential materials, but in no event with less than a reasonable standard of care. Consultant will deliver to Client all Confidential Information and all copies thereof (and all other property obtained from or through Client) when Client requests the same or immediately upon termination of this Agreement, whichever occures earlier, except for one copy thereof that Consultant may retain for its records. Neither party shall, except with respect to those of its employee with a need to know under this Agreement, use or disclose to any person, firm or entity any Confidential Information of the other Party without such other party’s express, prior written permission; provided, however, that notwithstanding the foregoing, Consultant may disclose Confidential Information to the extent that it is required to be disclosed pursuant to a statutory or regulatory provision or court order. The confidentiality restrictions and obligations imposed by this Section 4 shall terminate two (2) years after the expiration or termination of this Agreement.

“机密信息”系指在履行服务期间，顾问和客户相互间获得的一切文件、工具、产品、服务、方法、现在和将来的研究、技术知识、营销计划、商业秘密及其他资 料，无论是有形的还是无形的，无论是否以实际、电子、图形或书面形式、或以现在已知的或日后发明的方式存储、编写或纪录。机密信息包括但不限于下列记录和 信息及顾问的信息：（i）已被称为“专有”或“机密”；（ii）其机密性质已为客户或顾问告知；或（iii）由于其特点和性质，有理性的人在相同情况下， 会将该等信息作为机密信息对待。尽管有前述规定，但机密信息不包括以下信息：（i）披露之时早已为收受方所知的信息；（ii）并非因收受方的非法行为或违 约而成为公众所知的信息；（iii）收受方并非借助另一方机密信息而独立开发的信息；或（iv）从无保密义务因而也不违反保密义务的第三方获取的信息。各 方同意，在任何时候都以保护自身专有资料和机密资料相同的方式保护另一方的机密信息，在任何情况下都已不低于合理的保密标准予以保护。客户要求时，或本协 议终止时（以两种情况种先发生的为准），顾问将向客户提交所有机密信息及一切副本（和从客户或通过客户获得的一切其他财产），但顾问可以存档的一份副本除 外。 未经另一方事先明示的书面允许，任何一方均不得使用或向任何人、公司或实体披露该另一方的任何机密信息，但根据本协议需要知晓的本方雇员除外。但尽管有前 述规定，法律或行政规定或法院命令要求披露的机密信息，顾问可予以披露。本条规定的保密限制和义务，在本协议期满或终止二（2）年后终止。

补充翻译练习

1. During the term of this Agreement, all the oral and written information, including but not limited to manufacturing technologies, procedures, methods, formulas, data, techniques, experiences, know-now, and business information (“Confidential Information” ) to be provided by Party A to Party B shall be treated as strictly confidential and shall be used only for the purpose set forth herein. Title to such information and the interest related hereto shall remain with Party A at all time.

在本协议期限内，甲方向乙方提供的一切口头和书面信息，包括但不限于制造工艺、程序、方法、配方、数据、技术、经验、诀窍和商业信息（“机密信息”），均以绝密对待，且只用于本协议规定的目的。该等信息的所有权及相关权益始终属于甲方。

Party B agrees to take all necessary steps to prevent Confidential Information from being disclosed to third parties and shall require its personnel to abide by the same confidentiality regulation. Party B shall not disclose Confidential Information to anyone other than to such persons who require access to thereto for the exclusive purpose provided hereunder and who are aware of their obligations of confidentiality thereunder.

乙方同意采取一切必要步骤，以防止机密信息披露给第三方，并且应要求其人员遵守同样的保密规定。乙方除了向为了本协议规定的目的而需要接触机密信息、且了解本协议规定的保密义务的人员披露机密信息外，不得向其他任何人披露。第三章结束。

2. Party A acknowledges that the System, all technical documentation delivered to Party A by Party B hereunder, and all other information relating to the design, development, configuration, use, installation, operation and maintenance of the System constitutes confidential or proprietary information of Party B, and Party B acknowledges that Party A may provide confidential or proprietary information to Party B hereunder (collectively referred to as “Confidential Information”). Each Party agrees to use Confidential Information received from the other Party only for the purpose contemplated by this Agreement and for no other purposes. Except as specified in this Agreement, no other rights express or implied, including but not limited to licenses, of trademarks, inventions, copy rights, patents, or any other intellectual property rights whatsoever, are granted hereunder or by the conveying of Confidential Information. Confidential Information provided is not to be reproduced in any form except as required to accomplish the intent of, and in accordance with the terms of, the Agreement. Each Party shall provide the same care to avoid disclosure or unauthorized use of the other Party’s Confidential Information as it provides to protect its own similar proprietary information. Confidential Information must be kept by the receiving Party in a secure place with access limited to only such Party’s employees, contractors, or agents who need to know such information for the purposes of this Agreement and who have similary agreed to keep such information confidential pursuant to a written confidentiality agreement which reflects the terms thereof. Except as provided herein and unless otherwise specified in writing, all Confidential Information (i) remains the property of the disclosing Party, and (ii) must be returned to the disclosing Party or destroyed after the receiving Party’s need for it has expired. At the request of the disclosing Party, the receiving Party shall furnish a certificate signed by a director or authorized office of the receiving Party certifying that Confidential Information not returned to the disclosing Party has been destroy.

甲方确认, 系统、乙方根据本协议向甲方交付的一切技术文件以及与系统的设计、开发、购形、使用、安装、操作相关的一切其他信息，构成乙方机密信息或专有信息，且乙方 确认，甲方可以根据本协议向乙方提供机密信息或专有信息（合称“机密信息”）。各方同意仅为本协议预期的目的而不是其他目的的使用从对方得到的机密信息。 除本协议规定外，本协议并不授予，亦不通过机密信息的转让授予任何其他的明示的或默示的权利，包括但不限于执照、商标、发明权、著作权、专利权或任何其他 知识产权。所提供的机密信息不得以任何形式加以复制，但为实现本协议的意向和根据本协议的条款需要复制的除外。各方应谨慎从事，以防披露或擅自使用另一方 的机密信息，犹如各方保护自己的类似专有信息。收受方必须将机密信息保存在安全的地方，可以接触该等信息的人，仅限于该方为本协议之目的需要知道该等信 息、且已按照一份反映本条条款的书面保密协议同样统一对该等信息进行保密的雇员、承包商或代理人。除非本协议有规定或另有书面规定， 一切机密信息（i）始终为披露方的财产，（ii）且在收受方所需要的使用期届满后必须退还披露方或予以销毁。应披露方要求，收受方应提供经收受方的一名董 事或授权的主管人员签字的证明，证明未退还披露方的机密信息已被销毁。