今天我们依旧一起看一本原著，《To Kill a Mockingbird》，想看前一篇的，可以在之前的博客找哦。

原文：

Simon would have regarded with impotent fury the disturbance between the North and the South, as it left his descendants stripped of everything but their land, yet the tradition of living on the land remained unbroken until well into the twentieth century, when my father, Atticus Finch, went to Montgomery to read law, and his younger brother went to Boston to study medicine¹. Their sister Alexandra was the Finch who remained at the Landing: she married a taciturn² man who spent most of his time lying in a hammock³ by the river wondering if his trot-lines were full.

译文：

要是西蒙投死的话，尽管无可奈何，也一定会无比愤怒地看待南方和北方之问的那场动乱，因为他的后代在动乱中失去了除土地以外的所有财产。不过，在这块土地上生活的传统一直延续到二十世纪。这时，我父亲——Atticus Finch——离家去Montgomery攻读法律，他弟弟去Boston学医。他们的妹妹Alexandra是留在庄园上的Finch家唯一的后裔。她嫁给了一个沉默寡言的男子，这人大部分时间都躺在河边的吊床上，猜想着安置在河里的钓钩是否全部钩上了鱼。

句型解析：

1．  第一句话比较长，有些同学理解起来可能有点困难，下面我们就一起来理解一下。

这句话可以分为几个小短句来理解：

（1）       Simon would have regarded with impotent fury the disturbance between the North and the South：

觉得不好理解的话，换个语序就明白了：

Simon would have regarded （the disturbance between the North and the South） with impotent fury

意思就是：Simon对括号里的这件事的态度是，with fury

（2）as it left his descendants stripped of everything but their land

这句话是对第一句话进行补充，讲的是Simon对这件事fury的原因

（3）yet the tradition （of living on the land） remained unbroken until （well into） the twentieth century

这里yet表示的是转折。

句子的主干就是the tradition remained unbroken（这个传统一直没有变过）。

往后看，until the twentieth century补充的是对the tradition remained unbroken这件事的一个时间限制，意思是直到二十世纪这个传统都没有变过。

（4）when my father, Atticus Finch, went to Montgomery to read law, and his younger brother went to Boston to study medicine

这句话可以单独来看。讲的是20世纪这个时间点发生的事情。总共发生了两件事，第一件事：my father went to Montgomery to read law,；第二件事：my father’s younger brother went to Boston to study medicine。

通过这几个步骤，我们就把这句话完全分析透并理解了。分析的过程中我没有跟大家提到任何从句的概念，因为深知理论太过枯燥，大家可以用这个方法自己练习一下，分析本段的第二句话。

知识点：

2. Taciturn /ˈtæs.ə.tɝːn/ adj. 沉默寡言的，不爱说话的

例：He was a reserved, taciturn person when I first knew him.

我刚认识他时，他是个矜持而沉默的人

3. Hammock /ˈhæm.ək/ n.吊床

例：It is difficult to turn over in a hammock.

在吊床上翻身很困难。

 

原文：

When my father was admitted to⁴ the bar, he returned to Maycomb and began his practice. Maycomb, some twenty miles⁵ east of Finch’s Landing, was the county seat of Maycomb County. Atticus’s office in the courthouse contained little more than⁶ a hat rack, a spittoon, a checkerboard and an unsullied Code of Alabama. His first two clients were the last two persons hanged in the Maycomb County jail. Atticus had urged⁷ them to accept the state’s generosity in allowing them to plead⁸ Guilty to second-degree murder and escape with their lives, but they were Haverfords, in Maycomb County a name synonymous with⁹ jackass.

译文：

我父亲取得律师资格后，回到Maycomb镇，当起律师来。Maycomb镇坐落在芬奇庄园以东二十英里左右的地方，是Maycomb县的县政府所在地。Atticus的事务所设在法院里。里面陈设简单，只有一只衣帽架，一个痰盂，一个棋盘和一部爱护得很好的亚拉巴马法典。他的头两个当事人是在Maycomb县监狱处死的最后两个人。阿迪克斯曾劝他们承认犯了误杀罪，好接受州立法院的宽大处理，保住性命。但他们是Haverford家族的人，在Maycomb县，这个家族是笨驴的同义词。

知识点：

4. Be admitted to:被录取；获得许可；承认

例：It was the first time we admitted to ourselves that we were tired.

这是我们第一次承认自己累了。

We congratulated him on his being admitted to the Party.

我们祝贺他入党。

5. Some twenty miles

这里的some意思是：大概；左右；大约

6. Little more than：和……一样/无差别；不比……多

例：The President will be little more than a figurehead.

总统将不过是个傀儡而已。

7. Urge /ɝːdʒ/: vt.催促;推进，驱策;力劝，规劝;极力主张

例：They urged parliament to approve plans for their reform programme

他们敦促议会批准他们的改革方案。

8. Plead /pliːd/：vi. 恳求;辩论vt. 以…为理由;陈述案情;申辩，认罪，辩护

例：Morris had pleaded guilty to robbery.

莫里斯已承认犯有抢劫罪。

9. Synonymous with：与……同义

例：Paris has always been synonymous with elegance, luxury and style

巴黎一直是优雅、奢华和时尚的代名词。

 

原文：

The Haverfords had dispatched Maycomb’s leading¹⁰ black smith¹¹ in a misunderstanding arising from the alleged wrongful detention of a mare, were imprudent enough to do it in the presence of¹² three witnesses, and insisted that the-son-of-a-bitch-had-it-coming-to-him was a good enough defense for anybody. They persisted in pleading Not Guilty to first-degree murder, so there was nothing much Atticus could do for his clients except be present at their departure, an occasion that was probably the beginning of my father’s profound distaste for the practice of criminal law.

译文：

这两个人误以为Maycomb最有名的铁匠非法扣留了他们的一匹母马，就把他杀了。他们莽撞得竟敢当着三个人的面行凶，还坚持他们自己没有任何罪，说铁匠是他妈的自作自受。他们认为这就是最好的答辩。他们矢口否认犯了谋杀罪。所以，Atticus无能为力，只能眼睁睁地望着他们被处死。也许就是从这件事开始，我父亲对实施刑法产生了强烈的反感。

句型解析：

The Haverfords had dispatched Maycomb’s leading black smith in a misunderstanding arising from the alleged wrongful detention of a mare, were imprudent enough to do it in the presence of three witnesses, and insisted that the-son-of-a-bitch-had-it-coming-to-him was a good enough defense for anybody.

很多人看到这种长句就头疼，下面我们像剥洋葱那样把这句话一点一点拆解。

Step 1: The Haverfords had dispatched Maycomb’s leading black smith （in a misunderstanding arising from the alleged wrongful detention of a mare）

Haverfords家族的这两个人dispatch了black smith。

括号里面的内容是解释这两个人这么做的原因，就是因为misunderstanding，而这个misunderstanding是由什么引起的呢？那就看arising from后面的内容了。

Step 2: were （imprudent enough） to do it in the presence of three witnesses

这个小短句主语依旧是The Haverfords。他们在three witnesses（三个目击者）面前做了这件事（就是step 1中描述的内容）。括号里的imprudent enough是作者对他们行为的态度，意思是他们居然如此胆大包天。

Step 3: and insisted that the-son-of-a-bitch-had-it-coming-to-him was a good enough defense for anybody

这里主语依旧是The Haverfords。他们insist（坚持，认为）那个人自作自受（the-son-of-a-bitch-had-it-coming-to-him），这个对他们来说就是最好的辩护（a good enough defense）。

知识点：

10. Leading /ˈliː.dɪŋ/：adj. 重要的，主要的;前列的;首位的

例：I bought one of the leading brands.

我买了几个畅销品牌中的一种。

11. Black smith：铁匠

12. In the presence of：adv.在面前

例：The talks took place in the presence of a diplomatic observer.

会谈是在一位外交观察员在场的情况下进行的。

 

原文：

During his first five years in Maycomb, Atticus practiced economy¹³ more than anything; for several years thereafter he invested his earnings in¹⁴ his brother’s education. John Hale Finch was ten years younger than my father, and chose to study medicine at a time when¹⁵ cotton was not worth growing¹⁶; but after getting Uncle Jack started, Atticus derived a reasonable income from¹⁷ the law. He liked Maycomb, he was Maycomb County born and bred; he knew his people, they knew him, and because of Simon Finch’s industry, Atticus was related by blood or marriage to nearly every family in thetown.

译文：

在Maycomb镇度过的头五年中，我父亲极端俭朴。在以后的好几年里，他用攒下的钱资助他的弟弟上学。John Hale Finch比我父亲小十岁。在种植棉花不合算的时候，他开始学医。等Jack叔叔能够自立以后，Atticus当律师，收入还可以。他热爱Maycomb镇。他生在Maycomb，长在Maycomb，了解当地人，当地人也了解他，并且，由于Simon Finch的产业，Atticus几乎与小镇上的每家都有血缘或姻亲关系。

知识点：

13. Practice economy：厉行节约

例：In hard times, people should practice economy.

在不景气的时代，人们应该例行节约

14. Invest…in: 在……上投资；在…投入（时间、精力等）

例：They had the foresight to invest in new technology.

他们有投资新技术的远见。

You should invest more time in your study.

你应该在学习上多花时间。

15. At a time when…：在……时候

例：at a time when I was watching TV:在我看电视的时候

at a time when we were all out:在我们都外出的时候

16. Worth doing: 值得做……

例：The program is worth investing.

这个项目很值得投资。

17. Derive…from…:从……中获得……；由……起源

例：Mr Ying is one of those happy people who derive pleasure from helping others.

英先生属于那种助人为乐的快活人。

 

原著虽然难啃，但是啃完一定是会受益匪浅的。有些同学英语不地道、不够“好”，归结起来原因就是“读少了，背少了”。看原著是很有效的锻炼英语思维的方式，开始看的时候大家会不自觉在脑海里翻译成中文来理解，但是坚持阅读之后会不自觉地用英文去理解英文，也就是形成英语思维。

觉得实在不想看的盆友们可以跟着我的文章一点一点慢慢啃，慢慢进步也是进步嘛。

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