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上高之大观塔

(2016-03-22 12:53:50)
      大观塔屹立在上高锦江河南岸、状元洲对面。八角重檐七级楼阁式砖结构，塔体自下而上逐层递收，整体高耸秀美，门窗檐挑玲珑剔透。道光版《重修上高县志》载：在县东南岸五里，状元洲对岸，锁钥乡治水口。旧有飞跃亭，岁久圯。乾隆五十二年，阖邑绅耆议建塔以补之，集资钜万，阅三年告成，计七层高十三丈九尺六寸，阔两丈六尺六寸，内甃石级，外缭栏槛，升高望远，为一县大观。知县范元飏有序。
      八边形塔基，麻石铺砌，底层地面出八卦造型，已被破坏，似不法分子探地宫取物所为。辟南、北、西三门，东内壁设佛龛，佛像已失，余供桌状石构件。西门为正门，门首嵌有石匾，刻横“大观塔”三字，右侧刻小铭文“大清乾隆丁未桂月之吉”（1787年八月），左侧刻“邑侯范元飏仝五乡士民公建”（范元飏，福建沙县人，乾隆十七年与书法家翁方纲同科进士，后任岷州知州）。

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       双层塔壁内砌夹层螺旋阶梯，正门内左侧为登梯口，顺时针攀登，外侧塔壁留有朵花、宝瓶、云头形透光小窗。逐级交错迂回而上，可至塔顶。各内层塔壁至顶收缩为穹窿顶，顶心灯钩遗失，各层相仿。

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       重檐由层层青砖斗拱、牙子外铺叠涩而成。上檐铺石板围廊,原有木栏杆,可以登眺。下檐八角均有鳌鱼翘头,铃铎已失。塔间四向三面开门窗,一面设佛龛。相间四面外砌假门。每扇门外侧均设小龛。

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在大观塔登高远望，敖山锦水，城廓村野，尽收眼底。

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      原塔刹毁于上世纪四十年代，可能与抵御日寇的”上高会战”有关。范元飏《募建大观塔元回阁序》云：上高“风俗醇美，山川灵秀。……锦江若带，蒙末如屏，元洲中立，敖峰后耸，虽据形势之胜，无如向林木荫庇者，今见其濯濯也，台阁峥嵘者，今仅存遗址也。……今诸君子创议，欲予飞跃亭建鞯，状元洲建阁将见七级巍峨，与长干争辉，三层矗起周天禄称雄，又未始不因人杰而地亦效灵矣。” 
      清嘉庆年间知县刘丙曾在大观塔燃长明灯，“上烛重宵，下照百里”，日夜不息，为一大胜观。


大观塔紧邻上高320国道边，非常容易寻到，登高远望，一览全城。
                                     
                                                                                                        2015年5月8日  上高   晴

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