加载中…现在完成时讲解练习
(2017-09-05 13:20:15)一、时态讲解：现在完成时
（1）构成：现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has，其余用have.
现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study 为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：
|
否定式 |
疑问式 |
|
I have not (haven’t) studied…. |
Have I studied…? |
|
You have not (haven’t) studied…. |
Have you studied…? |
|
He has not (hasn’t) studied…. |
Has he studied…? |
|
否定疑问式 |
简单回答（肯定/否定） |
|
Have I not (Haven’t I) studied…? |
Yes, you have. No, you haven’t. |
|
Have you not (Haven’t you) studied…? |
Yes, I have. No, I haven’t. |
|
Has he not (Hasn’t he) studied…? |
Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t. |
（2）用法：
1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。
2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for…,
since…,yet等。如：
I haven’t heard from her these
days.
★注意：
a)
since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got there
for后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。
Exercise: 用since和for填空
1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday.2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days.
3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days.4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o'clock.
5. India has been an independent country ______1974.
6. The bus is late. They've been waiting ______ 20 minutes.
7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years.
8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October.
2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说：
以上三句话可以改为：
He has been here for 2 weeks.The old man has ______ _______ for 4 months.
3.They have _____ _____ only for 5 minutes
2）have (has) been 和have (has) gone的区别：表示“曾到过某地”要用 “have (has) been”; 表示“已经去某地”要用 “have (has) gone”。试比较：
Where has he
been?
Where has he
gone?
They have been to Canada. 他们到过加拿大。（现在已经不在加拿大）
They have gone to Canada. 他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）.
3）现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in，但可以和already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等连用。例如：
She has already
come.
I haven’t read it
yet.
I have met him
before.
Ma Hong has always been a good
student.
I have often seen him in the
street.
They have never been to
Yan’an.
I haven't seen him
lately.
Exercise:
I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form.
1. I____ already ____ (see) the film. I ________ (see) it last week.
2. _____ he ____ (finish) his work today? Not yet.
3. My father ____ just ____ (come) back from work. He is tired now.
4. Where’s Li Ming ? He __________ (go) to the teacher’s office.
5. I __________ (work) here since I ______ (move) here in 1999.
6. So far I _______________(make) quite a few friends here.
7. How long ________ the Wangs ______________(stay) here ? For two weeks.
8. I ________ just ___________ (finish) my homework.
9. He ________ (go) to school on foot every day.
10.____ you ______ (find) your science book yet?
11. If it ____ (be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.
12. The students ____________ (read) English when the teacher came in.
13. Look! The monkey __________ (climb) the tree.
14. My mother __________ (come) to see me next Sunday.
15. I've lost my pen. _________ you ________ (see) it anywhere?
II. Choose the best answer.
1. How
long have you _______ here?A.
come
2. My grandpa died _________.
A. at the
age of my
2
3. Jane has _____ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.
A.
been
4. It is
ten years _____ I last saw her.A.
after
5.--Who
will go to the station to meet
Lorry?
A.
met
6. --What
a nice dress! How long _____ you _____
it?
--Just 2 weeks.A. will,
buy
7.--Do you
know Lydia very
well?
--Yes, She and I _____ friends since we were very young.
8. The
Smiths _______ in China for 8 years.A. has
lived
9.
--Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking.
A. has been
to
10. --____ you ever ____ to the US? -- Yes, twice.
A. Have,
gone
III. Rewrite the sentences.
1. I have
been to Macau before. (改为否定句)
2. He hasn’t come to school because he was ill.
(
______ _______ he come to school?
3. I bough a new bike just now. (用just改写)
4. We began to learn English three years ago.(
5. He has
never surfed, _______ _______? （改成反意疑问句）
6. They
have been here since 2000.
7. The old man _________ last year. He has _______ _______for a year. (die) （动词填空）
8. Miss
Gao left an hour ago.
Ask the questions
1) I have been there for two days.__________ _________ __________ you __________ __________?
2) My father has lived here since 2000._________ _________ __________ your father _________ __________?
3) He left here yesterday._________ ________ he _________ __________?
4) They bought a book two hours ago._________ ___________ they __________ a book?
Use “never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since” to fill in the blanks.
1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.
2. Jack has _________ finished his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.
4. “Have you ________ seen the film?” “No, I have ________ seen it.”
5. “Has the bus left _______?” “Yes, it has _________ left.”
现在完成时练习题及答案
一、翻译下列句子：
1.你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？
3.
我以前从来没去过那个农场。
5.
你已经看过这部电影了吗？
7.这本字典我已买了三年了。
9.我认识他们五年了。
11.自从他搬到济宁，他就住这儿了。 12.我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。
13.自从1999年以来他们就认识。14.我来到这个学校已3年多了。
二、用since和for填空
5._______yesterday
9. ___we
were children
12. He has lived in Nanjing ___ the year before last.
13. I’ve known him ______ we were children.
14. Our teacher has studied Japanese ______ three years.
15. She has been away from the city ______ about ten years.
16. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city.
三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语。
① arrive at / in sp / get to / reach sp / come / go / move to sp
→ be in sp / at school / at home / on the farm / be here / be there
1) He got
to Beijing five minutes
ago.He
2) I moved
to the USA in
2008.
3) I went
home
yesterday.
4) They
came here last
week.
② come to / go back
to
1) He came out two years ago.He ______________ for ____________.
2) We return to Beijing yesterday.We ___ ____________ to Beijing since __________.
③ become → be
1) I
became a teacher in 2000.
2) The river became dirty last year. The river _______ _______ dirty for _______ ________.
④ close
→ be
closed
1) The shop closed two hours ago. The shop _______________ ______ for _________________.
2) The door opened at six in the morning.The door ________ ________ ________ for six hours.
⑤ get up → be up； die → be dead； leave sp. → be away from sp.
fall asleep / get tot sleep → be asleep； finish / end → be over；marry → be married；
1) I got up two hours ago.I ________ ______ _______since _______________.
2) He left Shanghai just now.He _______ _____________ ______ Shanghai for five minutes.
3) My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa _______ _____ ______for _______ ________.
4) The meeting finished at six.The meeting ________ ______ ______ for six hours.
5) I got to sleep two hours ago .I ________ _____ ___ since _________ _________.
6) They
married in
1990.
⑥ start / begin to do sth. → do sth. ；begin → be on
1) I began
to teach at this school in 1995.
2) The
film began two minutes
ago.
⑦ borrow → keep； lose → not have ；buy → have ；put on → wear
catch / get a cold → have a cold； get to know → know
1) They
borrowed it last
week.
2) I
bought a pen two hours
ago.
3) I got
to know him last year.
4) I put on my glasses three years ago. I _________ my glasses for ______________.
⑧have / has gone to → have been in
He has gone to Beijing.He _____________ Beijing for two days.
⑨ join the league / the Party / the army
→ be a league member /a Party member / a soldier
→ be a member of the
league
→ be in the
league
1) He joined the league in 2002.
He _________________ a _________________ for two years.
He ___________ a _________ the ________ for two years.
He _______________________ the league for two years.
2) My brother joined the army two years ago.
My brother _________a ________ for ___________ ___________.
My brother ___________ in ___________ for two years.
四、划线提问
1) I have been there for two days.
__________ _________ __________ you __________ __________ ?
2) My father has lived here since 2000.
_________ _________ __________ your father _________ __________?
3) He left here yesterday.
_________ ________ he _________ __________?
4) They bought a book two hours ago.
__________ ___________ they __________ a book
五、用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。
A: Where ____________ Li Fei ___________?
B: He ____________ to Hainan Island.
A: How long ___________ he ___________ there?
B: He _____________ there for three days.
A: When will he come back , do you know?
B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently.
A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?
B: Sorry, I _________ never ___________ there.
A: How many times ___________ Li Fei __________ to that place?
B: He _____________ there only once.
六、用have / has been to / in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。
1) Where is Jack? He __________ his country.
2) David ________ the park just now.
3) John _______ England since he came back.
4) How long _____ they _____ this village?
5) The Smiths ______ Beijing for years.
6) _____ you ever ____ America? -- Yes, I _____ there many times.
7) I _____ this school since three years ago.
8) Where is Jim? He _____ the farm.
9) When_____ he _____? He _______ an hour ago.
10) Would
you like to _____
11) Where
_____ you _____ now? --- I ____
12) He often _____ swimming.
13) _____ you ______ there last year?
14) _____ they often ______ skating in winter?
七 用never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空
1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.
2. Jack has _________ finished his homework.
3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.
4. “Have you ________ seen the film?” “No, I have ________ seen it.”
5. “Has the bus left _______?” “Yes, it has _________ left.”
八. 用适当的时态填空：
1.She’s _____________ (live) here ever since she was ten.
2.Both of them ________________ (be) in Hongkong for ten days.
3.Both of them ____________ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.
4. Half an hour __________ (pass) since the train __________ (leave).
5. Mary________(lose) her pen. ________ you _______(see) it here and there?
6. _________ you _____ (find) your watch yet?
7. ---Are you thirsty? ---No I _________just _________ (have) some orange.
8. We ---- already _________ (return) the book.
9. ________ they _______ (build) a new school in the village?
10. I _____________(not finish) my homework . Can you help me?
11. My father _____ (read) the novel twice.12. I _________ (buy) a book just now.
13. I _________ (lost ) my watch yesterday.14. My father ___________ (read) this book since yesterday.
现在完成时态练习题答案
一．翻译下列句子：
1.Have you ever had / eaten fish and chips?
2. I have just lost my chemistry book.
3. I have never been to the farm before.
4. He has
already had lunch
5.
6. My
brother hasn’t
7. I have had this dictionary for three years / since three years ago.
8. Has been away from China for three years.
9.
10. They have been in the USA for five years.
11.
12.
13.
14.
二、用since或者for填空
1.
for
三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语
① 1. has been in
,
② 1. have been out, two years 2. have been back , yesterday
③
④
⑤
⑥
⑦
⑧
2. has
been , soldier , two years
1. How
long have, been there
五、用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。
A:
Where
A: How
long has he been there?
A: When will he come back, do you know?B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently.
A: Could
you tell me the way to Hainan Island?B: Sorry, I
have
A: How
many times has
六、用have / has been to / in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。
1. has
gone t
11. are ,
going
七、综合练习:
1.
never
八. 用适当的时态填空：
1.
lived
5. has
lost ;
参考答案：
1.
since
1. have, seen,
saw
Keys: 1. How
long have, been there
Keys: 1.
never
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