利益冲突是什么?

你有义务揭露什么?

利益冲突声明需涵盖的信息

• 如果没有冲突存在，在你的cover letter中包括明确的声明并遵守所有投稿期刊的指示。
  1. Cover letter可使用的声明: "To the best of our knowledge, the named authors have no conflict of interest, financial or otherwise."
  2. Article footnotes可使用的声明: "All authors have [completed the XXX disclosure form] and declare that: (i) no support, financial or otherwise, has been received from any organization that may have an interest in the submitted work ; and (ii) there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work."
  3. 注意: 相关的科学研究与伦理审查委员会(IRB)可能会要求作者必须要论文中写进特定的声明字句，请确保都有遵守这些要求。
• 针对所有的临床研究，论文中应该需包含您是否已经公开任何潜在冲突来研究参与者的声明
  1. 可使用的声明: Informed consent has been obtained from all patients included in this study.
• 如果存在利益冲突，国际医学杂志编辑委员会(the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors, ICMJE)推荐涵盖以下的信息:

[1] Sources of support for the work, including sponsor names along with explanations of the role of those sources if any in study design; collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; writing of the report; the decision to submit the report for publication; or a statement declaring that the supporting source had no such involvement; and

[2] Whether the authors had access to the study data, with an explanation of the nature and extent of access, including whether access is on-going.

[3] To support the above statements, editors may request that authors of a study sponsored by a funder with a proprietary or financial interest in the outcome sign a statement, such as “I had full access to all of the data in this study and I take complete responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.”

Suggested language: Author A receives research support/consulting fees from [sponsor name]; a detailed listing of Author A's financial disclosures is available at [website]; Author B has equity in [organization] and serves on the board of directors [organization]; a detailed listing of Author B's financial disclosures is available at [website]. No other author has reported a potential conflict of interest relevant to this article.

可能引起潜在利益冲突的关系类型

• 资金来源 -  找出赞助商、赞助额度和赞助商在研究过程的脚色。
• 财务关系 - 包含顾问关系、 股权所有权雇佣合同、其他津贴，例如旅费或演讲津贴，保险基金投资。找出发生潜在冲突的组织以及关系与财务参与的程度。
• 财务捐款金额 - 许多期刊和机构审查委员会要求披露任何财务捐款的确切金额。这里的财务支持并不一定是直接投入于论文当中讨论到的研究计画。当赞助商可能从研究成果中获得巨大利益时，所有财务捐款都必须揭露。此外，财务报表已经由利益冲突或伦理委员会审查和批准的声明将提高透明度，并消除财务利益对研究项目影响的担忧。
• 非财务关系 - 包含个人的连结，例如家人与合作伙伴等等，政治关系和学术合作关系。找出连结的来源和可能引发的潜在利益冲突。

额外信息:

• Elsevier "Conflict of Interest" factsheet
• ICMJE's recommendations regarding reporting conflicts of interest
• Springer guidelines regarding conflict of interest
• University of Oxford, examples of potential conflicts of interest
• An inquiry into the efficacy of disclosure requirements