古玉学步（52）：辨古识玉说磋磨
一夫之

http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180809/636e84740ddc4f3a8fd8dec605ba2c99.jpeg

磨：精加工，其技术材料是竹木片、兽皮沾解玉砂加水，既算是工具又算是耗材。磨的痕迹特点是：细，精细，相当于“抛光”。良渚文化时期抛光的物质可用光滑的竹片或兽皮，而用兽皮抛光的机会更多一些。兽皮上有动物性脂肪，呈弱酸性，用兽皮在玉器上来回摩擦直至光滑即可以了。竹子茎杆亦含弱酸性的“竹沥”，也可以用于玉器的磨擦抛光。

http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180809/087cd124f0a54834a7d9e2ddefc82058.jpeg

于是，在古玉上或多或少地会留下原始的切、磋、磨痕迹，这是辨识古玉的密码，尤其值得细细辨察。

切割痕留存辨识：

http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180809/3c04bc8f8a8540b796ae5b561d72d967.jpeg

http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180809/f077b94556b84815b181c643947ce637.jpeg

http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180809/8a1c034685d04344a31f9b494f199d12.jpeg

磋痕留存辨识：

http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180809/49a0cb5f85c44dd58ce0a641c32a87e3.jpeg

http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180809/21d345c0e2b840bea69535e96f3222dd.jpeg

http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180809/bb27d269adb9449db6cf5e0ccbd87e86.jpeg

磨痕留存辨识：

http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180809/dc3739c0b2044aa291c1bd4d0d517065.jpeg

http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180809/0d69a749fb624b46987a49c5ea149569.jpeg

辨识磋磨痕迹如此重要吗？比较一下仿品吧：

http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180809/7ce0ab18d7c24bab9e46c1018322ea2b.jpeg

http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180809/a7561bd3ad3047cca6421126322da7a3.jpeg

http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180809/a8f8015494014f85805bfff1ff54baa9.jpeg

http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180809/b8f4df2624f84059923ebf43e28b5b5e.jpeg