语法填空（Rational  Cloze）

【考查目标】

语法填空是高考英语的一种新题型，本题型难度较大，考查考生对英语的综合运用能力，包括阅读、理解语篇的能力; 分析句子结构的能力;以及熟练运用语法、短语的能力。

【命题特点】

语法填空设10个小题，以两种形式出现：一种是要求在空格中填入一个恰当的词，这种填空以虚词为主，实词为辅，称为自由填空或纯空格题，一般设6~7个小题，空处只能填一个词；另一种是使用括号中所给的词的正确形式填空，这种命题以填实词为主（如名词、动词、形容词、副词等），实词填空一般3~4个，整个语法填空考查的实词一般不会超过4个。

【命题选材】

语法填空的短文有可能是一篇记叙文或夹叙夹议文，约200词，难度不会超出课标的生词，但有课标单词的派生词。

【考点分布】

语境测试（上下文）； 语法测试：动词、名词、代词、冠词、介词、固定搭配、情态动词、复合词、形容词和副词的比较级与最高级及构词法、倒装等。

【Instructions】

Make a careful study of the examples, summarize the basic rules and finish the paper independently.【Independent learning】

 Task I 研究所给例句，总结解题规律。

1．I had to leave work to take him to the hospital because he __________ (break) his finger.

2．The exam, which was originally to be held in our classroom, ____________ (change) to the library at the last minute.

____________________________________________________________________

3．Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely _______(succeed).

4．With the problem _________(solve), I felt proud of my achievement.

____________________________________________________________________________________

5．But a recent study saw things quite _________ (different).

6．So I am very careful not to give out my __________(person) information.

7．For a family of four, it is more convenient as well as _______ (cheap) to sit comfortably at home. 

____________________________________________________________________________________

8．An only child will succeed for ______ same reason.

9．You can now make _______ educated decision about what career to pursue.

____________________________________________________________________________________

10．Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear ______ spoken.

11．The little boy pulled ________ right hand out of the pocket .

___________________________________________________________________________________

12．Mobile phones ares now playing a very important role ______ our life.

13．If a family has many children, the middle one sometimes gets lost in the crowd. The youngest child, _________, often gets special treatment.

__________________________________________________________________________________

14．The house ________ window are broken is empty.

15．The question is _______________ we should go on with the work.

16．He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, _________ he felt very happy.

___________________________________________________________________________________

【Cooperating and e xploring study】

Task II 根据解题规律，完成下列练习。                                                     

                                         A

One day a rich man took his son on a trip to the country. He wanted to show his son how the poor lived so he could be thankful 1._______ his wealth.

They spent a couple of days and nights on the farm of 2. _______   would be considered a poor family.

On their return the father asked his son 3.__________(explain) what he had learnt. The boy, who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home, 4 _______ (reply) in a way that shocked his father.

The boy said he wanted to become a farmer. He admired the farmers who had the beautiful night stars to give them light 5. _______  his family had only expensive lanterns. He wished to have a farm 6._______ he could go swimming in an endless river instead of the garden pool in their home. Finally he asked his father, "What makes us safer, large walls around our house7._______friends that will protect us?"

The boy finished by saying, “8._______ the trip I thought we were rich but today I learnt who is 9 ._______   (true) rich.” With this the boy got up and walked away, leaving his father sitting on their comfortable sofa, totally 10._______ (speech).

B

    Nowadays, almost everyone 1.__________（realize） that smoking is 2.__________ （harm） to people’s health. Sometimes，what’s worse， it 3.__________ causes fire.

In China, about 38% of the people smoke. Every year, they smoke millions of packets (包,盒）of 4.__________. It’s bad news for the health of nation.

It’s known that smoking can cause different kinds of disease. Every year, many people die 5._________ these illnesses, such as lung and throat cancers. It also costs the government much money to look 6.___________ these sick people. Smoking is also harmful to those 7.________ don’t smoke, 8.___________ （especial） to children and women.

In a word, smoking is no good. 9.__________ you want to smoke, just think of those who suffer from diseases 10._________ the fires that destroy people’s lives and properties!

【Ability improving】根据命题特点，尝试自主命题。

.   Even in China today, most disabled teenagers have to go to special schools to receive their education. I know people are trying to give them more help, comfort and care, but I don’t agree with such an idea.

    Those people’s life is difficult and frustrating, so we should give them a hand in their normal life. But despite their disability, they’re complete. They have their own thoughts and feelings. We can’t say disability will limit a person’s life. So it’s necessary for them to study independently and equally just as normal people. If they are asked to go to the special school, they will probably treat themselves as special, unlucky people. That will make them lose hope.

   What those people need most is confidence and dignity. Most of them hate the feeling that they always need others’ help. They just want to prove themselves as we do.

    In a word, help is essential, but we should give those people more individual space.