初三英语上册Unit 8

重点知识

1．She could not afford a present , so she sat down and cried.

她买不起一件礼物，所以坐下来哭。

afford: vt.买得起； 担负得起； 提供； 给予

过去式： afforded 过去分词： afforded 现在分词： affording

第三人称单数： affords

如：

（1）They could not afford to spoil those maps by careless colouring.

若是上色的时候不小心弄坏了那些地图，他们可承担不起。

（2）They pay full rates. Mind you, they can afford it.

他们付全价，请注意，他们是付得起的。

 

2．Jim and Della had two possessions which they were both proud of. One was Jim’s gold watch that was from his father and his grandfather. The other was Della’s beautiful hair. Jim和Della有两件引以为豪的财物，一件是Jim父亲和祖父留下来的金表，另一件是Della的漂亮头发。

     be proud of: 引以为豪

     one….the other: 一个…另一个…

    考点拓展：other, the other, another, others, the others的区别

other	the other	others	The others	another
形容词	形容词或代词	代词	代词	形容词或代词
后跟复数名词或ones	作形容词：后跟复数名词 作代词：指两者中的另一个	不跟名词或其他词	不跟名词或其他词	可单独使用或跟名词(三者以上的)另一个
不单独使用	常见句型“一个…，另一个…”one…the other	常见句型“一些…，其余的…”：Some…, others…		another+数词+复数名词
泛指	特指	范围不确定或泛指	表示范围确定或特指	泛指

 

 

[Ex.4] 用other, the other, others, the others, another填空：

1．There are many students on the playground. Some students are playing, _________ students are standing in line.

2．There are many students on the playground. Some are playing, _____are standing in line.

3．There are seven pens on the table. Three are black, ___________ pens are red.

4．There are seven pens on the table. Three are black, _________ are red.

5．I have two brothers. One is Tom, ________ one is David.

6．I have eaten some apples. Could you give me _______ apple?

7．I want ________ two books.

 

3．Della put on her old brown jacket and her old brown hat.

Della穿上她的旧棕色夹克衫和旧的棕色帽子。

put on: 穿上；戴上

考点拓展：与put相关的常见短语

put on: 上演, 穿上；戴上

put up：举起,抬起,张贴

put off：推迟,拖延

put into：排放；把…放进,把...翻译成

put down：放下,拒绝,镇压，记下来，写下来，

putout：扑灭；熄灭；

put in：插话，

put away：收起来，收拾好

[Ex.5] 根据句子的意思填上适当的词

（1）We put _____ the tools before we leave the workshop.

（2）Never put _____ until tomorrow what you can do today.

（3）We are putting the play _____ again next week because of its success.

（4）The fire man soon put the fire _____.

（5）It’s time that we put _____ the Christmas decorations（装饰物）in the living room.

（6）Drop your weapons(武器) and put your hands _____.

4．Then Della searched through the stores looking for a present for Jim.

然后Della找遍很多店为Jim找件礼物。

look for: 寻找

考点拓展：与look相关的常见短语

look after 照顾，照料

look around/about 四处看看，四下环顾

look forward to sth./doing sth.盼望，期待

look on … as …… 把……看作……

look out (for)当心，小心，留神

look through 浏览，翻阅，温习,仔细查看

look up 查寻，查阅, 仰视

look over 检查

[ Ex.6 ]

（1）He looked _____ his notes before writing the report.

（2）I must look _____ the time of your train.

（3）A fox came to the tree and looked _____ at the cock.

（4）The girl is old enough to look _____ himself.

（5）He spent two weeks in Shanghai，looking _____ the city.

（6）We are looking _____ _____ hearing from you soon.

（7）They all looked _____ him _____ a member of their family.

（8）Look _____！ There is danger ahead.

 

5．There lay the set of combs that she had always wanted.

盒子里放着她一直想要的那套梳子。

lie : 躺 lay lain

lie: 说谎 lied lied

lay: 放置 laid laid

练一练

一、汉译英

1.买得起一份礼物                                    .       

2.以…为骄傲                                        .

3.一个…另一个                                      .

4.穿上                                              .

5.在…（外部）的前面                                .

6.寻找                                              .

7.集中（目光、注意力）于                            .

8.伸出                                              .

9.代替做某事                                        .

10.太多（修饰可数名词）                             .

11.几张纸                                           .

12.比…更有价值                                     .

13.最后，终于                                       .

 

二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。

1.She could not         (买得起) a present, so she sat down and cried.

2.It fell about her, and reached below her         (膝盖)

3.The         （招牌）in front of the store read “Hiar         （商品）   

4.Then Della         （搜寻）through the stores looking for a present for Jim.

5.It was a watch          （链子）  

6.The         （账单）was twenty-one dollars.

7.Della heard his          （脚步声）on the stairs.

8.There lay the          （一套）of combs that she had always wanted.

 

三、单项选择

1.Rose finished her study in the unversity and went to         a good job.

A.take after     B.look after     C.care for    D.search for

2.It’s cold outside. Please        your coat when you go out.

A.put on       B.dress         C.wear   

3.Finally, he thanked them and went back to his village in the evening.

A.At least      B.Then        C.Next    D.At last

4.My cousin went abroad at        age of eighteen.

A.a      B.an      C.the     D./

5.He was born in Italy, but he has made China his        .

A.family       B.address        C.house    D.home

6.He came back late, so his father was very angry.

A.arrived     B.gave back     C.returned    D.reached

7.---Do you know that Mr. Zhang passed   last week?

 ---Yes, He died        illness.

A.away;of      B.on;from      C.by;with    D.off; as

8.Shenzhou X, China’s fifth manned spacecraft,        into space on June 11, 2013.

A.has sent      B.was sent     C.will send    D.is sent

 

四、完形填空

阅读下面一篇短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。

Suppose every person on Earth ate only one kind of food. And maybe one year that food couldn’t   1  . If that happened, man would soon   2   .

Luckily, man doesn’t   3   that problem. But another animal may. The animal is the giant panda, one of the world’s most-loved animals.

Dr. Thomas Soderstrom, a scientist, has   4   for the first time that the bamboo（竹子）the giant pandas eat is dying. As a result, many of the pandas are also dying of being   5  . Scientists estimate （估计）that so far more than 140 giant pandas have died. This number may be   6   one-quarter of the world’s giant panda population. Between 400 and 1000 giant pandas are   7   to live in mountains.

Giant pandas were once more   8   all over many parts of Asia. Now they are only in small parts of China.

Can the wild pandas be   9  ?

The scientists want to find out more about the animals’ food. They want to see whether the pandas are able to   10   their food while the bamboo is dying.

Chinese scientists are trying to raise（饲养）more pandas in zoos. The first baby panda was born in the Beijing Zoo in the fall of 1978．

(    ) 1．A．found        B．be found              C．founded        D．be founded

(    ) 2．A．break         B．live                C．die                D．lose

(    ) 3．A．want          B．work             C．answer          D．face

(    ) 4．A．found        B．invented              C．known          D．studied

(    ) 5．A．cold           B．tired                     C．hungry          D．ill

(    ) 6．A．almost       B．already          C．hardly           D．really

(    ) 7．A．thought     B．believed        C．seen                     D．said

(    ) 8．A．big             B．liked             C．interesting     D．common

(    ) 9．A．kept           B．saved            C．made             D．taken

(    ) 10．A．have        B．catch             C．change          D．get

 

五、阅读理解

A

Teenagers can’t afford to buy expensive gifts. So what do you do if you want to give gifts to the important people in your life? In fact, you don’t have to spend a lot of money on holiday gifts. There are many cheap ways to do that. Here are some make-it-yourself gift ideas to try:

To your mom and dad:

   You can decorate a photo frame, sing a song or write a letter to your mom and dad. You could also draw a picture for them if you like that better.

To your teacher:

   Sometimes students put their pocket money together and buy the teacher a holiday gift. Some kids also give individual gifts. You can send a nice card with the words of thanks inside. You might even write down the favorite thing you’ve learned in the teacher’s class this year. It will make the teacher feel happy.

To the kids who need a friend:

   The holidays are a good time to think about people who are lonely. Maybe there is someone in your class who doesn’t seem to have many friends. Try to do something for this person. It could be giving a Christmas card or just chatting with him or her. It’s a small thing, but it could mean a lot to someone who feels a little shy or sad at school.

1. Teenagers don’t have to ______ their parents as a gift, according to the passage.

A. write a letter to                     B. sing a song to   

C. buy an expensive photo frame for      D. draw a picture for

2. If you want to send your teacher a card, what will you write in it?

A. The name of the students you don’t like.

B. The importance of making gifts by yourself.

C. Something you’ve learned in the teacher’s class.

D. Ways to improve your grades.

3. The underlined word “individual” means ______ in Chinese.

A. 稀少的     B. 贵重的     C. 单独的     D. 集体的

4. Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage?

A. A small gift during the holidays may mean a lot to someone who feels lonely.

B. Sometimes students put their pocket money together and buy the teacher a gift.

C. Chatting with a classmate who had few friends is also a good holiday gift.

D. You should spend more money buying gifts for your teachers.

5. What’s the best title for the passage?

A. Making Holiday Gifts Yourself

B. How to Save Money During Holidays

C. Making Friends by Giving Gifts

D. How to Choose Gifts for Different People

 

B

When you hear Westerners（西方人）say “ Drop in anytime”（随时来玩）or “Come and see me soon” , you should realize that it doesn’t mean you are welcome to come over to their house anytime. It’s wise to telephone before visiting someone.

Never accept an invitation unless you really plan to go. You may refuse by saying, “Thank you for inviting me, but I may not be able to come.” If you are unable to come after accepting the invitation, be sure to tell those who invite you in advance（提前）that you will not be there.

When you have accepted the invitation to a party or a dinner, it is polite to bring small gifts with you, such as bottles of drink, flowers and chocolate. Sometimes Westerners may take you out to dinner in a restaurant and it does not necessarily mean that he is going to pay the bill at the end of the meal. He might want you to “go Dutch”, which means each person pays his own bill.

1.The best title of this passage is ________

A.Drop in anytime.              B.Come and see me soon.

C.Invitation in western countries.   D.Westerners.

2.When Westerners say “Drop in anytime” or “Come and see me soon” , it means ________

A.you are welcome to visit them anytime

B.you are welcome to visit them, but you still need to call them before going to their house. 

C.they don’t want you to visit them.

D.they will hold a party for you.

3.If a westerner invites you to go to his house, ________

A.you may refuse if you don’t plan to go.

B.you have to accept the invitation even you don’t want to go.

C.you can’t accept the invitation.

D.and you accept the invitation, you must go.

4.If you have accepted the invitation to a party or a dinner, what kind of gifts will you bring? ________

A.Money.     B.Televisions    C.Computers.    D.Books

5.The underlined part “go Dutch” means “________” in Chinese.

A.去荷兰     B.去Dutch这家餐厅     C.实行 AA制      D.请客

 

作业布置（时间30分钟；满分100分）

一、语法选择

An Englishman was showing a foreign visitor around London. “  1 ’s that strange building?” asked the visitor. “That’s the Tower  2  London.” “I see. How long did it take  3  it?” “A about 500 years.” “In my country we can build it  4  five months,” said the visitor. Shortly after that they came to St. Paul’s Cathedral. “Very  5 !” said the visitor. “How long did it take to build it?” Nearly forty years.” said the Englishman. “In my country we can finish it in forty days at most,” said the visitor. This went on all day. They visited most of the best  6  buildings in the city. Every time they saw a new  7 , the visitor asked what it was and how long it took to build it. Then he said that they  8  the same thing much faster in his country. At last the Englishman got angry with the visitor  9  he tried not to show it. Several days later they came to the House of Parliament (会议) and the visitor asked his usual question, “What is that? The Englishman answered, “It  10  there last night.”

(    ) 1．A．Where      B．What        C．When       D．How long

(    ) 2．A．in           B．for           C．with         D．of

(    ) 3．A．build       B．building     C．built         D．to build

(    ) 4．A．in         B．for           C．at                D．during

(    ) 5．A．interest    B．interested     C．interesting     D．interests

(    ) 6．A．know        B．known      C．knowing      D．knew

(    ) 7．A．it          B．ones         C．city          D．one

(    ) 8．A．did        B．to do         C．can do       D．could do

(    ) 9．A．if                  B．though       C．however    D．so

(    ) 10．A．wasn’t    B．isn’t       C．didn’t      D．doesn’t

 

二、阅读理解

The World’s Water Shortage

    The world is not only hungry, but it is also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 70 percent of the earth’s surface is covered with water. But about 97 percent of this huge amount is sea water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3 percent－the fresh water from rivers, lakes, underground, and other sources（资源）. And we cannot even use all of that, because some of it is in the form of icebergs and glaciers（冰川）. Even worse, some of it has been polluted.

    However, as things stand today, this small amount of fresh water is still enough for us. But our need for water is increasing rapidly－almost day by day. Only if we take steps to deal with this problem now can we avoid a severe（严重的）worldwide water shortage later on.

    We all have to learn how to stop wasting our valuable water. One of the first steps is to develop ways of reusing it.

    Today in most large cities, water is used only once and then sent out into a sewer system（下水道）. From there it returns to the sea or runs into underground storage tanks. But it is possible to pipe used water to a purifying（净化）plant. There it can be treated with chemicals so that it can be used again, just as if it were fresh from a spring.

    But even if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough. All we’d have to do to make use of the vast reserves（贮备）of sea water in the world is to remove the salt.

    If we take these steps we’ll be in no danger of drying up.

(    ) 1．The world is thirsty for water because we can only use _________ percent of the water covering the surface of the earth.

A．3               B．more than 3       C．less than 3  D．97

(    ) 2．Which of the following statements is Not true?

A．As things remain unchanging, this small amount of fresh water is still enough for us.

B．Our need for water is becoming larger and larger.

C．There will be no water shortage in the future.

D．We should take steps to deal with the water shortage problem.

(    ) 3．To reuse water, we should __________.

A．treat it with chemicals     

B．use it only once

C．send it out into a sewer system 

D．make it flow into underground tanks

(    ) 4．In order to have enough water, we should also make use of _________.

A．icebergs and glaciers              B．sea water

C．rivers and lake                   D．underground water

(    ) 5．In the passage, the writer tells us ________.

A．to make enough water

B．to pay more attention to the water shortage problem

C．to pipe used water to a purifying plant    

D．to reuse the water

 

 

一、汉译英

1.afford a present   2.be proud of   3.one…the other    4.put on

5.in front of       6.look for   7.fix..on    8.hold out   9.instead of doing sth

10.too many   11.pieces of paper   12.more valuable than   13.at last

二、根据意思完成句子

1.afford  2.knee     3.sign; goods   4.searched   

5.chain   6.bill   7.steps   8.set

三、单项选择

1-5   DADCD    6-8    CAB

四、阅读理解

A: 1--5   CCCDA

B: 1-- 5   CBADC