题记：每个人都拥有少量不寻常的胸腺细胞，在某些情况下，这些细胞会发展成癌细胞；看来有些魔鬼细胞早就于我们人类共存了。希望基因技术能让这些魔鬼细胞处于休眠状态。它们仿佛是sleeping dogs，千万不要打扰唤醒它们！

A Cell Found in Everyone’s Body Can Transform Into Blood Cancer

在每个人的身体中发现的细胞都可以转化为血癌

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia is an aggressive and rapidly progressing form of leukemia.
T 细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病是一种侵袭性和快速发展的白血病形式。
EVERYBODY POSSESSES A TINY NUMBER OF UNUSUAL THYMOCYTE CELLS, AND IN SOME CASES, THESE CELLS DEVELOP INTO LEUKEMIA.
每个人都拥有少量不寻常的胸腺细胞，在某些情况下，这些细胞会发展成白血病。
Researchers have discovered that T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), which affects more than 6,000 Americans each year, may be caused by dysfunction involving a specific kind of thymocyte cell that is present in minute numbers in every individual.
研究人员发现，t细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病(T-ALL)每年影响着6000多个美国人，可能是由一种特定胸腺细胞的功能障碍引起的，而这种细胞在每个人体内都以极少的数量存在。
While studying mice with T-ALL, scientists from the University of Missouri’s School of Medicine and College of Engineering characterized the thymocyte cells, an immune cell found in the thymus. They discovered that the same type of T cell, which produces a unique set of molecular markers, is the source of all rodent tumors.
在研究患有 T-ALL 的小鼠时，密苏里大学医学院和工程学院的科学家们对胸腺细胞进行了表征，胸腺细胞是一种在胸腺中发现的免疫细胞。 他们发现，产生一组独特分子标记的同一类型的 T 细胞是所有啮齿动物肿瘤的来源。
“Once we identified the cell in mice, we wondered if humans have that same cell type and in the same quantity,” said senior author Adam Schrum, Ph.D., associate professor of bioengineering, molecular microbiology and immunology, and surgery. “The human samples we obtained contained the same T cells and in the exact quantity found in mice.”
“一旦我们确定了小鼠的细胞，我们想知道人类是否具有相同的细胞类型和相同数量的含量，” 资深作家、生物工程、分子微生物学、免疫学和外科学副教授亚当•施鲁姆博士说。“我们获得的人类样品包含相同的T细胞，而且其数量与小鼠的完全相同。”
That rare cell, which makes up just 0.01% of all cells in the thymus gland, became known as “EADN.” Schrum’s team next wanted to know if every human T-ALL case originated from EADN.
这种罕见的细胞只占胸腺所有细胞的0.01%，后来被称为“EADN”。Schrum的团队接下来想知道是否每个人类T-ALL病例都来自EADN。
“Over a three-year period, we examined five T-ALL cases at the University of Missouri Health Care,” Schrum said. “We looked at cell samples from each patient and discovered one of those five cases seems to have originated from an EADN cell. We’re not saying that EADN is the only cell that causes this type of cancer, but our findings show it is responsible for some cases. This is a very exciting discovery.”
Schrum说：“在三年的时间里，我们在密苏里大学医疗保健大学检查了五个T-All病例。” “我们研究了每个患者的细胞样品，发现这五个病例中的一个似乎来自EADN细胞。 我们并不是说EADN是唯一引起这种癌症的细胞，而是我们的发现表明它是某些情况的原因。 这是一个非常令人兴奋的发现。”
Schrum’s team also found something else unique about EADN cells. A molecule called major histocompatibility complex (MHC), which drives autoimmunity and other immune responses, is what signals EADN cells to turn into cancer in mice.
Schrum 的团队还发现了 EADN 细胞的其他独特之处。 一种称为主要组织相容性复合物 (MHC) 的分子可驱动自身免疫和其他免疫反应，是 EADN 细胞在小鼠体内变成癌症的信号。
“It’s like an auto-immune reaction that causes EADN to turn into cancer,” Schrum said. “Many other cells in the thymus cannot do this. Now that we’ve determined the signals required for this transformation, this discovery could point to potential strategies to treat it.”
“这就像导致 EADN 变成癌症的自身免疫反应，”Schrum 说。 “胸腺中的许多其他细胞无法做到这一点。 现在我们已经确定了这种转变所需的信号，这一发现可能指向潜在的治疗策略。”
Schrum said the next step is to determine how frequently human T-ALL cases originate from EADN cells, in hopes of learning how to better personalize treatments for each person’s unique cancer case.
Schrum 说，下一步是确定人类 T-ALL 病例起源于 EADN 细胞的频率，希望了解如何更好地针对每个人的独特癌症病例进行个性化治疗。