话说当年解放军开进了高家庄，高家庄的大地主高秉可真是忙了一阵子，每天好酒好菜款待解放军的领导。对解放军战士的态度变了不说，对长工的态度也大变脸。规定了长工的最新上班时间：由原来的鸡叫头遍上工改为鸡叫三遍上工。每人每年还许诺工资待遇提高半斗米。又和长工签订了用工合同，且双方按了手印。像模像样地跟着解放军进行了地主改造。

    长工们可真是高兴坏了，这下好了，终于有解放军来救我们了。长工们很是欢呼雀跃了一阵子。大家真的看到了希望，以为自己的命运从此改变了。终于看到地主高秉对长工也露出了难得的笑脸。

    但是解放军同志还有重要的任务，要离开高家庄了，大家真是难分难舍。高秉也道出“解放军给了俺重新做人的机会”这样的大忏悔。

    解放军走后第三天，高秉就下达了命令：咱们长工的工作时间和工资待遇恢复到以前的情况。长工一片惊愕，高秉你真做得出来，可是解放军走了，没人给长工们撑腰了，大家只能是敢怒而不敢言。

   “他奶奶的，什么世道，连河南省搞的规范办学也只是走走过场。咱们长工还想怎样。”半夜里，不知道哪个长工说出这样的梦话。

The 400 phone messages said it all. Veterans wanted to talk, and Jeff Beers, a military history buff and the son of retired Navy man, was ready to listen. Beers had volunteered for the Veterans History Project, a program at the Library of Congress dedicated to preserving the oral histories of American's 19 million veterans. Local newspapers listed Beers' number, and the response was tremendous. He's videotaped 52 vets ever since.

"Most of them are shocked that anyone would be interested in their small story," says Beers, 33, an assistant engineer for the city of Poway, Calif, "They ask, Why now? But it has to be now, before it's too late." The U. S. Department of Veterans Affairs estimates that 1847 veterans die each day.

Beers and the other volunteers are collecting the I-was-there detail. One of the most moving came from a World War II POW (prisoner of war):" He had to march 500 miles through the Black Forest in winter. They ate bark soup and slept at local farm."

The WW II generation comprises most of the 700 histories gathered since the program began in 2001. But, says director Ellen Lovell, they want to hear from vets of every war. "I interviewed my brother-in-law, an army surgeon in Vietnam," she says."He said he shared things with me that he's never told anyone."

Can you help me?

Sure, what's the problem?

___

Well, how about San Francisco? We went there last year and had a great time.

____

Well, there is Golden Gate Bridge of course, and Golden Gate Park. It's a really big park. You can go for long walks or take a rest in the Japanese Tea Garden. It's beautiful there.

___

There is also a place called Fisherman's Wharf. That's really popular with tourists. There are losts of shops, cafes and restaurants. And from there you can go on a boat trip to Alcatraz. You know, it's small but very beautiful island.

____

No, you can't stay on the island; there aren't any hotels. You can only go for the day. I think I've still got a book about San Francisco. I can lend it to you.

____

A. What can you do there?

B. Oh, great! What a great place to stay in!

C. What an idea! What is the best time to go there?

D. I can't decide where to go for the holiday--- any ideas?

E. Thanks a lot . San Francisco, here I come!

F. Hmm, that sounds good.

G. How can I go there?s

ensure 保证，担保，-- against, —from, --to ,--for

We can ensure that the work will be done in the right way.

  我们可以保证把工作做好。

The police can ensure the witness against danger.

  警察能保证证人免受危险。

This measure ensures to us a voice in the matter.

  这项措施使我们在这件事上具有发言权。

execute 实行，执行，完成，贯彻，将……处死

All orders were immediately executed.

  所有的命令都立即执行了。

Your order will be executed as early as possible.

  你的命令将尽早执行。

The pianist executed the piece of music perfectly.

  这位钢琴家把这首曲子演奏得完美极了。

The criminal was executed after the trial.

  审判后罪犯即将处死。

exert 尽力，发挥，施加，产生，行使

He has exerted all his strength to attain his goal.

  他已尽了全力以达到自己的目标。

He has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my mind.

  他一直在施加种种压力要我改变主意。

These principles exerted great influence upon the course of the revolution.

  这些原则对革命进程产生了很大的影响。

exploit  开发，开采，利用，剥削

A mine is exploited for its minerals.

  开发矿井是为了采矿。

The student exploits every possibility to learn English.

  这个学生利用一切可能性学英语。

The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.

  该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。

expose 使暴露，使面临，揭露，揭发

The workers were exposed to all kinds of weather.

  工人们经受风吹雨打。

We should be aware of the dangers of exposing children to violence on TV.

  我们应该意识到儿童接触暴力电视节目的危害。

He has been widely exposed to the public on television.

  他经常在电视上向公众露面。

The mistakes of the past must be exposed without any reserve.

  对以前的错误一定要毫无保留地揭发。

foster 鼓励，促进，养育，抚养，报希望 ，收养的

Some American films foster feeling of hatred between nations.

  有些美国电影散播国家之间的仇恨情绪。

We fostered the boy while his mother was in hospital.

  这男孩的母亲住院时，由我们抚养他。

The operation fostered hope in the patient.

  手术使病人产生了希望。

Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best words for each numbered blank and mark ABCD on Answer Sheet 1.(10 points)

Research on animal intelligence always makes us wonder just how smart humans are. 1__ the fruit-fly experiments described by Card Zimmer in the Science Times. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly 2___ to live shorter lives. This suggests that 3___bulbs burn longer, that there is a 4__ in not being too bright.

Intelligence, it5__, is a high-priced option. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow6 ___ the starting line because it depends on learning-an 7____ process-instead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they've apparently learned is when to 8___.

Is there an adaptive value to _9__intelligence? That's the question behind this new ersearch. Instead of casting a wistful glance _10__at all the species we've left in the dust I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real _11_ of our own intelligence might be. This is _12_ the mind of every animal we've ever met. 

Research on animal intelligence also makes us wonder what experiments animals would _13_ on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, _14_, is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning. We believe that 15__ animals ran the labs, they would test us to _16_ the lilmits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for locations. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really _17_, not merely how much of it there is. _18_, they would hope to study a _19_ question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in? __20 the results are inconclusive.

1) Suppose  Consider Observe Imagine

2) tended feared happened threatened

3) thinner stabler lighter dimmer

4) tendency advantage inclination priority

5) insists on  sums up   turns out   puts forward

6) off behind over along

7) incredible spontaneous inevitable gradual

8) fight doubt stop  think

9) invisible limited indefinite different

10) upward forward afterward backward

11) features influences results costs

12) outside on by across

13) deliver carry perform apply

14) by chance incontrast as usual for instance

15) if unless as lest

16) moderate overcome determine reach

17) at for after with

18) Above all After all  However Otherwise

19) fundamental comprehensive equivalent hostile

20) By accident In time So far Better still 

decline

The production of natural gas declined slightly

His strength slowly declined.

A blind man smilingly decllined to be helped across the street.

He respectfully declined the invitation.

The customs figures show steady decline in British trade.

We are studying the decline and fall of ancient Rome.

define

Work is defined as the product of a force and the distance through which its point of application moves in the direction of the force.

He has defined his position on the issues.

deserve

He certainly deserves praise.

Our band deserves ranking with the best in the country.

He deserves to be sent to prison.

The robber is deserving of capital punishment.

The old man was really deserving of pity.

distinguish between

It's really a tough job to distinguish between these subtle differences of meaning.

How do you distinguish between various species of deer?

drift

The weather forecast reported an easterly drift of winds.

The general drift of affairs was towards war.

We watched the leaves drift down the stream.

Our conversation drifted from one topic to another.

In order to find a job, he drifted from California to Toronto.

The snow was drifted in great piles against the house.k

bring over 把……带来，使转变

Next summer he hopes to bring his family over from the United States.

  他希望明年夏天把家属从美国带来。

My father is always trying to bring me over to his way of thinking.

  我的父亲总想使我接受他的思想方法。

burden 担子，负担，责任，义务，使负重担，麻烦，劳累

She bore the whole burden of raising two children alone.

  她一个人负起抚养两个孩子的全部责任。

The burden of running the factory is too heavy for his failing health.

  管理这家工厂的重担对他日益恶化的健康来说是太重了。

The mother was burdened with worries.

  这位妈妈忧心忡忡。

Students are heavily burdened with home assignments.

  学生家庭作业负担过重。

campaign 战役，运动，参选运动

The Huai-Hai Campaign was essential to the victory of the War of Liberation.

  淮海战役对解放战争的胜利至关重要。

Our country is launching a campaign against waste.

  我们国家正在开展反浪费运动。

His presidential campaign succeeded and he won the election.

  总统竞选运动取得成功，他当选了。

They were campaigning to keep the local school open.

  他们为使当地学校不致关闭而奔走活动。

The candidates for president campaigned by sending out letters to voters and speaking at public meetings.

  总统侯选人通过向选民发信和在群众集会上讲演来竞选。

Joan is campaigning the government for equal rights for women.

  琼对政府进行活动，要求给予妇女同等权利。

capture 捕获，夺得，占领，捕获物

Captured by the enemy, the soldiers were in danger of being shot.

  战士们被敌人俘虏后处于被枪毙的危险。

It's easier to capture the castle from within.

  堡垒更容易从内部攻破。

He lay perfectly still and played dead to escape capture by the enemy.

  他一动不动地躺在地上装死，以逃避被敌人俘获。

The first capture of the day was a fox.

  那天第一件猎物是一只狐狸。

cast 投，扔，掷，抛，投射，浇铸，铸造，模具，演员阵容

The boy cast a stone at the dog.

  那个男孩向那条狗扔了块石头。

His words cast a new light on the problem.

  他的话题使人们对这个问题有了新的认识。

The robot can cast steel after being reprogrammed.

  在重新设定程序之后，机器人能浇铸钢材。

The Beijing Theatre of People's Art has a very strong cast.

  北京人民艺术剧院有强大的演员阵容。

collapse 倒塌，崩溃，瓦解，垮掉，倒下

The storm caused the collapse of the wooden shelter.

  暴风雨使这个避风雨的木棚倒塌了。

He suffered from a nervous collapse.

  他的精神崩溃了。

The collapse of the government left the country in confusion.

  政府的倒台使全国陷入混乱之中。

The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow.

  屋顶被雪压塌了。

The negotiations collapsed after several meetings.

  会谈了几次之后，谈判破裂了。

In the last weeks of the war she collapsed from long imprisonment.

  在战争的最后几个星期里她的身体因长期监禁而垮掉了。

coincide  一致，相符

The centres of the two circles coincide.

  这两个圆的圆心重合。

They cannot go to the theatre together because his free time never coincides with hers.

  他们不能一起去看戏，因为他和她从来都不是同时有空。

The judges didn't coincide in opinion.

  法官们意见不一。

compel 强迫

They were often compelled to work twelve or fourteen hours a day.

  他们常常不得不每天工作12或14个小时。

He always tries to compel me to his will.

  他总是想逼我服从他的意愿。

The performance compelled tears from the audience.

  表演使观众感动得落泪。

confront 面对，遭遇，正视，对抗

Escape being impossible, the rabbit turned to confront the dog.

  逃跑是不可能的，兔子就转过头来和狗对抗。

The disease confronted him with death.

  疾病使他面临死亡。

The difficulties that confront us cannot be overcome.

  我们所面临的困难无法克服。

We are confronted by many difficulties.

  我们面临许多困难。

The explorers were confronted with many challenges.

  探险者遇到了许多挑战。

conquer 征服，战胜

Man can conquer nature.

  人定胜天。

It is very difficult to conquer the cigarette habit.

  烟很难戒掉。

Despite their differences, their love will conquer.

  尽管他们之间有种种分歧，他们的恋爱必会成功。

convince使确信，使信服，使认识错误

I can easily convince you of his ignorance.

  我可以很容易地使你相信他的无知。

He was convinced to withdraw from running for the presidency.

  他被说服退出总统竞选。

He was firmly convinced that risk accompanies decisions.

  他坚信做决定总要冒风险。

critical 批评，批判，谴责，紧要的，关键的，危急的

He is a man with a critical eye.

  他是一个具有批判眼光的人。

It takes years to develop one's critical ability.

  培养评论能力要很长时间。

The old man was critical of the boy's impolite behaviour.

  那个老人不满意男孩的不礼貌行为。

The patient's condition is critical.

  病人情况危急。

Sample Four

Directions:

You are going to read a list of headings and a text about how to select a fund. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each numbered paragraph(41-45). The first and the last paragraphs of the text are not numbered. There is one extra heading which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on Answer sheet 1.(10 points)

A) Watching related expenses and making wise choice

B) Paying attention to details

C) Weighing your financial goals and expectations first

D) Maintaining realistic expectations

E) Narrowing the search

F) Not too special

   Eating better. Exercising. Investing. There are a lot of things you know should be doing. The problem is that getting started always seems to be the hardest part. For many investors,mutual funds are a good way to go, but trying to sort through the number of available choises-now more than 10000-makes this important task appear overwhelming. Let's look at some ways to cut that number down to a reasonable size, as well as other factors to consider when selecting your first fund.

41._____

   Before you begin examining potential investments, it's important to take some time to assess your own goals and risk tolerance. If you start with a clear objective in mind, as well as an understanding as to how you might react if your investment loses money, you'll be less likely to purchase a fund that doesn't fit your needs. And that's what often leads to disappointment. It is important to look for funds that are appropriate for both your goals and your investment temperament.

42._____

   One way to begin your search for a good fund is to use the Morningstar star rating. The rating is a useful tool for narrowing the field to funds that have done a good job of balancing return and risk in the past. To assign ratings, Morningstar uses a formula that compares a fund's risk-adjusted historical performance with that of other funds within four rating groups-domestic stock funds, international stock funds, taxable bond funds, and municipal bond funds.

43._____

  funds that invest solely in a single market sectors, called specialty funds, often have impressive returns and may be great additions to a diversified portfolio. However, the success of such funds depends largely on the fortunes of a particular market sector. Hence, specialty funds probably aren't the best way to start. For your first fund, look for a diversified stock fund that has exposure to different types of stocks.

44._____

  There's no free lunch in fund investing: in addition to the sales fees that some fund companies charge, fund investors must also pay management fees and trading costs. Unfortunately, you don't necessarily get what you pay for- no one has ever shown that more expensive funds provide greater returns. Look for funds with reasonable costs. The expense ratio, which expresses annual costs as a percentage amount, is probably the best number to use when comparing mutual fund costs.

45._____

  Whatever the market does, try to take it in stride. You're in for the long haul, so don't worry about the market's day-to-day gyrations. Relax and resist the temptation to monitor your first investment daily. Check in on your mutual funds once a month, and give yur portfolio a thorough exam every 6 to 12 months. And consider adding to your fund each month. An automatic investment plan makes it a relatively painless process.

   Finally, remember that the ultimate measure of your success as an investor depends not on your owning the best-performing mutual fund. Only one fund will be the top performer over the next decade, and there's no way to predict which one it will be. Meeting your own financial goals should ultimately be the yardstick by which you measure your investment success.

Sample Three

Directions:

You are going to read a text about the tips on resume writing, follower by a list of examples. Choose the best example from the list A-F for each numbered subheading(41-45). There is one extra example which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on Answer sheet 1.(10 points)

The main purpose of a resume is to convince an employer to grant you an interview. There are two kinds. One is the familiar "tombstone" that lists where you went to school and where you've worked in chronological order, unique to you and much more likely to land you an interview.

It's handy to have a "tombstone" for certain occasions. But prospective employers throw throw away most of those un-requested "tombstone" lists, preferring to interview the quick rather than the dead.

What follows are tips on writing a functional resume that will get read a resume that makes you come alive and look interesting to employers.

41) Put yourself first:

In order to write a resume others will read with enthusiasm, you have to feel important about yourself.

42) Sell what you can do, not who you are:

Practice translating your personality traits, character, accomplishments and achievements into akill areas. There are at least five thousand skill areas in the world of work.

Toot your own horn!

Many people clutch when asked to think about their abilities. Some think they have none at all! But everyone does, and one of yours may just be the ticket an employer would be glad to punch-if only you show it.

43) Be specific, be concrete, and be brief!

Remember that "brevity is the best policy."

44) Turn bad news into good:

Everybody has had disappointments in work. If you have to mention yours, look for the positive side.

45) Never apologize:

If you're returning to the work force after fifteen years as a parent, simply write a short paragraph (summary of background) in place of a chronology of experience. Don't apologize for working at being a mother; it's the hardest job of all. If you have no special training or higher education, just don't mention education.

The secret is to think about the self before you start writing about yourself. Take four or five hours off, not necessarily consecutive, and simply write down every accomplishment in your life, on or off the job, that made you feel effective. Don't worry at first about what it all means. Study the list and try to spot patterns. As you study your list, you will come closer to the meaning: identifying your marketable skills. Once you discover patterns, give names to your cluster of accomplishments (leadership skills, budget management skills, child development skills etc.). Try to list at least three accomplishments under the same skills heading. Now start writing your resume as if you mattered. It may take four drafts or more, and several weeks, before you're ready to show it to a stranger (friends are usually too kind) for a reaction. When you're satisfied, send it to a printer; a printed resume is far superior to photocopies. It shows an employer that you regard job hunting as serious work, worth doing right. 

Isn't that the kind of person you'd want working for you?

A) A woman who lost her job as a teacher's aide due to a cutback in government funding wrote: "Principal of elementary school cited me as the only teacher's aide she would rehire if government funds  became available."

B) One resume I received included the following: "Invited by my superior to straighten out our organization's accounts receivable. Set up orderly repayment schedule, reconciled accounts weekly, and imporoved cash flow 100 percent. Rewarded with raise and promotion." Notice how this woman focuses on results, specifies how she accomplished them, and mentions her reward-all in 34 words.

C) For example, if you have a flair for saving, managing and investing money, you have money management skills.

D) An acquaintance complained of being biased when losing an opportunity due to the statemen "Ready to learn though not so well educated".

E) One of my former colleagues, for example, wrote three resumes in three different styles in order to find out which was more preferred. The result is, of course, the one that highlights skills and eduction background.

F) A woman once told me about a cash-flow crisis her employer had faced. She'd agreed to work without pay for three months until business improved. Her reward was her back pay plus a 20 percent bonus. I asked why that marvelous story wasn't in her resume. She answered, "It wasn't important." What she was really saying of course was "I'm not important."

41__  42___ 43__  44__ 45__  

accompany 伴随，陪同；为……伴奏

The singer was accompanied on the piano by his pupil.

  演唱者由他的学生担任钢琴伴奏。

The lonely old man is accompanied by his dog.

  这位孤独的老人与他的狗作伴。

All orders must be accompanied with cash.

  所有的订货单必须随附现金。

acknowledge 承认，表示谢意

He acknowledged his own faults.

  他承认了自己的过失。

The sales department acknowledged my order form.

  售部表示收到了我的订货单。

The minister acknowledged his adviser's services to the city.

  部长就他的顾问对城市的贡献表示感谢。

alarm  警报，惊恐

The alarm system went wrong and created a false alarm.

  报警系统失灵，引起一场虚惊。

He didn't take alarm at the news.

  他听到消息后并不吃惊。

I was quite alarmed last night at the cry of "fire".

  昨晚有人大呼救火，使我大吃一惊。

Heavy trucks alarmed one all night.

  载重卡车声整夜使人不得安宁。

appreciation 欣赏，鉴赏，正确评价，感激，感谢

A person with an appreciation of art and literature is qualified for the job.   一个具有文学艺术欣赏力的人能胜任这项工作。

Rabbits have a well-known appreciation for family life.

  众所周知，兔子有重视家庭生活的习性。

We take this opportunity of expressing our sincere appreciation of your help.   对于你们的帮助，我们趁这个机会向你们表示衷心地感谢。

They are mistaken in their appreciation of the country's economic conditions.  他们对国家经济形势的判断是错误的。

approximate 近似的，大约的，，近似，接近，使接近

The approximate number of immigrants is two million.

   移民数目大约为二百万。

The approximate length of a meter is 40 inches.

  一米大约为40英寸。

Your account of what happened approximates the real facts,but there are some small inaccuracies.

  你对发生的情况的描述接近实际情况，但有些小的出入。

We try to approximate the operating temperature to the optimal value.

  我们努力使工作温度接近最佳值。

Your account of what happened approximates to the real facts.

  你对发生的情况的描述接近实际情况。

argue 争辩，争论，辩论

She is always ready to argue over the smallest issues.

  她总喜欢为极小的问题进行争论。

He often argues philosophy with James.

  他常和詹姆斯讨论哲学。

He argued for immediate action.

  他主张立即行动。

They argued against such a policy.

  他们反对这种政策。

argue into out of doing sth.说服某人做某事。

I argued him out of going on such a dangerous journey.

  我说服他不做这样危险的旅行。

He argued that man was descended from apes.

  他论证人类的祖先是猿。

attach 固定住，附加，把重点放在，使喜爱

You have to attach a label to a box while posting it.

  邮寄箱子时需在箱子上贴上标签。

They provide aid with no conditions attached.

  他们提供无附加条件的援助。

We should attach primary importance to a firm and correct political orientation.  我们要把坚定正确的政治方向放在第一位。

He was strongly attached to his home.

  他对他的家恋恋不舍。

avail 有利，有助

to avail oneself of 利用

The medicine didn't avail against the disease.

  这药对这种病没有产生疗效。

Talk will avail little without work.

  光说不做没什么用处。

All our efforts availed us little.

  我们徒劳无功。

He quickly availed himself of the opportunity to win over supporters.

  他迅速利用那次机会来争取支持者。

We protested but to no avail.

 我们提出了抗议，但是没有效果。