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GRE® revised General Test 官方指南 填空部分解析 By陈少宇
P.68, SET5
1, For some time now, ______ has been presumed not to exist: the cynical conviction that everybody has an angle is considered wisdom.
A, rationality 合理性；合理的行动
B, flexibility 灵活性；弹性；适应性
C, diffidence 缺乏自信
D, disinterestedness 公正无私
E, insincerity 伪善；无诚意；不诚实
题型：同义解释
思路：1，题目逻辑机构为A:B 相当于A=B
2，A=Not*空格, B=that everybody has an angle is considered wisdom (这里的has an
angle是有私心的意思)
3，所以空格=Not A=Not B=没有私心
4，只有D选项等价于“没有私心”。
2, Human nature and long distances have made exceeding the speed limit a (i) ______ in the state, so the legislators surprised no one when, acceding to public demand, they (ii) ______ increased penalties for speeding.
Blank(i) A, controversialhabit 有争议的习惯
B, cherished tradition 珍视的传统
C, disquieting ritual 令人不安的仪式
Blank(ii)D, endorsed 赞同
E, considered 仔细考虑
F, rejected 拒绝，驳回
题型：同义因果 so，同义并列 when
思路：1，题目逻辑结构为A, so B when C 相当于 A=B=C
所以，空格(i)和(ii)同义因果重复，两空格感情色彩和含义等价，可两个空格一
起做。
2，B=立法者毫不震惊，也就是在所有人意料之内。所以空格(i)不可选A。因为只要“有争议”那么就不可能“surprise no one”。于是，空格(i)只能在B和C之间选一个。
3，如果空格(i)选B，空格(ii)只能选F，才能保证前后同义重复。如果空格(i)选C，
空格(ii)只能选D，才能保证前后同义重复。逻辑上两个都行得通。
4，我课上说过“当逻辑无法判断答案的时候，要考虑句子各个成分之间的关系和
句子含义。”
5，在本题中“human nature”和“long distance”是“exceeding the speed limit”这件不好的事情的借口。就如“为亲人报仇的怒火（human nature）和对军队命令的服从（long distance）使屠杀(exceeding the speed limit)成为一种______”。所以，空格(i)根据含义应该填写类似“情有可原”之类正评价词汇。C选项的“disquieting ritual”属于负评价，所以排除。于是，空格(i)正确答案为B。
6，所以，空格(ii)只有选F才能满足同义重复原则。
注意：此题的最大难点是同学喜欢把Common Sense 带入题目，比如看到“超速”就认为一定
是不好的，这是极大的误导。请同学们永远牢记，GRE考试的本质是考察大家的思维能
力而不是知识量。
3, Serling’s account of his employer’s reckless decision making (i) ______ that company’s image
as (ii) ______ bureaucracy full of wary managers.
Blank (i) A, belies 掩饰
B, exposes 暴露
C, overshadows 遮蔽；使……显得不重要
Blank (ii)D, an injudicious 不明智的
E, a disorganized 紊乱的
F, a cautious 谨慎的
题型：同义并列 as
思路：1，题目逻辑结构为A as B of C，相当于 A=B且B具备C所修饰的性质
2，空格(i)需要由that 之后的内容判断，所以先做空格(ii)
3，空格(ii)填形容词，表明“bureaucracy”的性质，而“bureaucracy”的性质同时被 “of
wary manager ”修饰。所以空格(ii)=wary(谨慎的)，于是空格(ii)选择F。
4，所以A=谨慎的=reckless decision making*空格(i)，所以空格(i)一定为负动作，并
且含意上使句子通顺。belie的具体解释为“to give a false impression of ”，而
overshadow的具体解释为“To make insignificant by comparison”。
5，根据前后句意，“对于老板的鲁莽决定的解释”对“公司作为满是小心翼翼的经
理的谨慎官僚机构”做的动作是“掩饰”而不是“遮蔽，使之显得不重要”。所以空格(i)选A。
4. No other contemporary poet’s work has such a well-earned reputation for (i) ______ , and
there are few whose moral vision is so imperiously unsparing. Of late, however, the almost
belligerent demands of his severe and densely forbidding poetry have taken an improbable
turn. This new collection is the poet’s fourth book in six years — an ample output even for
poets of sunny disposition, let alone for one of such (ii) ______ over the previous 50 years.
Yet for all his newfound (iii) ______ , his poetry is as thorny as ever.
(i) 题型：同义并列 and
思路：1，题目逻辑结构为A, and B 相当于A=B
2，B=imperiously unsparing(傲慢无情), 所以空格(i)选 C. near impenetrability (近
似无动于衷) 。A, patent accessibility(明显的可接近性)；B, intrinsic frivolity（内在的轻浮）与傲慢无情没有同义并列的“and”关系。
（ii）题型：反义对比 let alone
思路：1，题目逻辑结构为A, let alone B 相当于A = —B
2，A= sunny disposition（开朗的性情），所以B=非开朗的性情，所以空格(ii)选择D, penitential austerity(苦行般节俭)最接近“非开朗的性情”。E, intractable prolixity (无法控制的罗嗦)，F, impetuous prodigality（鲁莽的挥霍）一点也不能表达出“非开朗的性情”，所以排除。
(iii) 题型：同义指代 his
思路：1，空格(iii)填一个名词，表明his“新发现”的特性。需要找到前文描述此人的
特性，而且是人们原来没想到的。
2，根据句意，“This new collection is … an ample output even for poets of sunny
disposition, let alone…”可知，人们原来没想到这哥们如此“ample output”，
也就是“高产”或“特别能表达”。
3，所以，空格(iii)选 H, volubility（健谈，口若悬河）。G, taciturnity（沉默寡言）
与”ample output”相反；I, pellucidity（思路清晰）与“ample output”无关。所以，
均被排除。
5. Managers who think that strong environmental performance will (i)______ their company’s financial performance often (ii) ______ claims that systems designed to help them manage environmental concerns are valuable tools. By contrast, managers who perceive environmental performance to be (iii) ______ to financial successmay view an environmental management system as extraneous. In either situation, and whatever their perceptions, it is a manager’s commitment to achieving environmental improvement rather than the mere presence of a system that determines environmental performance.
通读全文，空格(i)(ii)无法判断，可先做空格(iii)
(iii) 题型：同义重复
思路：1，题目结构: managers who A*空格(iii) may view A as extraneous. 因为who后
面的内容修饰mangers,而同时manager做的动作是view …. as extraneous。相
当于空格（iii）=extraneous（外部的，不相关的）
2，所以，空格(iii)选择 I, peripheral (外围的，次要的)。G, complementary（补充的 ）和 H, intrinsic（本质的，固有的）与extraneous无关。
第二步，(i)(ii)一起做
(i)(ii)题型：与(iii)为反义对比，(i)和(ii)之间为同义重复。
思路：1，题目结构为 A. By contrast B,相当于A=—B
2，因为B=extraneous, 所以A= Not extraneous=重要= valuable tools
3，为了使句意通顺，By contrast之前的内容一定要表达“经理认为环境…..重要，有价值”。
4，所以，strong environmental performance will (i)______ their company’s financial performance，空格(i)需要填写一个正评价动词才能满足第3步骤中的条件。所以选择B, bolster（支撑，鼓励），而A, eclipse（遮蔽，使…黯然失色） 与 C, degrade（降级）无法满足条件。
5，最后，空格(ii)句意为“认为环境重要的经理（ ）认为环境管理是有价值的工具”。D,不加批判的接受 E, 适当的承认 F, 热烈的争论。空格(ii)需要填写正评价动词，所以排除F。D和E的区别就是动作的感情色彩强烈程度。正如我课上所说，请同学们考试时牢记：GER填空答案优先选择感情色彩强烈的动词和形容词。选项D在这里表示全盘接受，所以为正确答案。
6. Philosophy, unlike most other subjects, does not try to extend our knowledge by discovering new information about the world. Instead it tries to deepen our understanding through (i) ______ what is already closest to us — the experiences, thoughts, concepts, and activities that make up our lives but that ordinarily escape our notice precisely because they are so familiar. Philosophy begins by finding (ii) ______ the things that are(iii)
(i) 题型：反义转折重复 not….instead….
思路：1，题目结构 Not A. Instead B 相当于A=—B，by=through
2，所以空格(i)* what is already closest to us =Not*discovering new information，
3，所以，不挖掘新信息=对于已熟悉信息进行（i）,只有选项B, rumination on
（沉思）符合句意。A, attainment of (获得，达成) 和 C, detachment from (冷
漠，脱离)均无法使逻辑和句意连贯。
(ii)(iii)一起做，先看空格(iii)修饰 “the things”，而 “the things”指代前一句中的they，也就是“the experiences, thoughts, concepts, and activities”,因为 “they”的属性是“familiar ”所以，空格(iii)的形容词是“familiar”的同义词。所以，G和H比较，G（单调的）比H（有些陈腐的）的含义更接近于“familiar”，所以选择G.最终，根据句意，空格(ii)需要填写类似“deepen our understanding”的选项，所以排除D，（基本不重要的）和 F,（完全平庸的），最终答案为E。
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