neither ...nor,either ...or与not only ...but also的区别
(2014-05-08 18:55:45)分类: 连词 |
neither
与not
使用这三个连词时要注意:
(1)词类的一致性。即:either后面与or后面的词类要保持一致。neither后面与nor后面的词类要保持一致。not only后面与but also后面的词类要保持一致。
(2)就近原则。即:动词用什么形式要看离动词近的主语而定。肯定句中看or,nor,but also后面的主语。
either…or…用于肯定句,表示两者之中“…或…”,选其中之一。
例如:
I want to visit either Paris or London.我想去巴黎或伦敦游览一下。
Either you or I am wrong.不是你错就是我错。
You may stay either in a hotel or in a private house.你可以住在饭店或私人的家里。
neither…nor…既不…也不…。
例如:
I have neither time nor money.我既没时间也没钱。
Neither he nor I am well-educated.他和我都没有受到良好教育。
The cat was neither in the room nor on the roof.猫不在房间里,也不在屋顶上。
not only…but also…不但…而且…
The nurse was not only beautiful but also kind.那个护士不但漂亮而且亲切。
He can speak not only English but also French.他不但会说英语还会说法语。
Not only you but also she has to attend the meeting.不只是你,她也必须参加会议。
一、either...or...
either...or...意为"或者……或者……;不是……就是……"之意。表示两者之一,连接句子中两个并列的成分。例如:
When the girl is happy, she either sings or dances. 那个女孩高兴时,不是唱就是跳。(此句中either...or...连接两个动词,因为主语是单数第三人称,谓语动词要用其相应的形式。)
either...or...连接两个主语时,其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就是我们通常说的"就近原则"。例如:
Either you or I am going there tomorrow. 明天要么你去那里,要么我去那里。
注意:如果把上句变成一般疑问句,助动词形式与主语you保持一致,所以要用are提问,而不是am。例如:
Are either you or I going there tomorrow? 明天是你还是我去那里?
Either you or he has lunch at school. 其一般疑问句应为:Do either you or he have lunch at school? 是你还是他在学校吃午饭?
若要对either...or...句型进行否定时,只需把either...or...换成neither...nor...即可。例如:
Either you or she is good at drawing. 变为否定句应为:Neither you nor she is good at drawing. 你和她都不擅长绘画。
我们还可以单独使用either,其意为"两者中的任何一个"。例如:
There are many shops on either side of the street. 街道两边有许多商店。这个句子也可以这样表达:There are many shops on both sides of the street. 在街道两边有许多商店。
either用在否定句的句末,表示"也"的意思。例如:
If you don't go there. I won't, either. 如果你不去那里,我也不去。
二、neither...nor...
neither...nor...表示"既不……也不……"。其含义是否定的,可连接任意两个并列的成份。例如:
She likes neither butter nor cheese. 她既不喜欢黄油也不喜欢乳酪。此句中neither...nor...连接两个宾语。当neither...nor...连接两个主语时,也应遵循"就近原则"。例如:
Neither dad nor mum is at home today. 今天父母都不在家。
若将neither...nor...句型变为肯定句,只需把neither...nor...改为both...and...即可,同时谓语动词必须用复数形式。例如:
Both dad and mum are at home today. 今天父母都在家。
还可以单独使用neither作主语,表示"两者中没有一个"。例如:
Neither of them likes football. 他们俩都不喜欢足球。
neither或nor还有另外一种用法,就是当表达一个人没有做某事,另一个人也没做同一类事时,可用neither或nor进行简略回答,其结构为:Neither / Nor+助动词 / 情态动词 / be动词+主语。例如:
He doesn't go to school by bike. Neither / Nor do I. 他不是骑自行车上学,我也不是。
They didn't go to the park yesterday. Neither / Nor did we. 昨天他们没去公园,我们也没去。
三.not only...but
also...
Not
only men but also women were
chosen.
We
were not only hungry, but also
tired.
She
likes not only music but also
sport.
She
not only plays well, but also writes
music.
We
go there not only in winter, but also in
summer.
另外,在使用not only…but also…时还应注意以下几点:
1.
He’s
not only very fast, but he’s also got marvellous
technique.
2.
He
not only washed the car, but polished it too [as
well].
His
name is known not only in Japan, but in
China.
3.
He
not only goes to work on weekdays, but also on
weekends.
句中的not
only后接的是谓语goes to,而but also后接的却是状语
4.
Not
only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the
film.
Not only I but also Tom and Mary are fond of watching television.不仅我,而且汤姆和玛丽都喜欢看电视。
5.
Not
only has she been late three times, she has also done no
work.
Not
only do they need clothing, but they are also short of
water.
有时也可见到不倒装的情形,此时主要见于but also后接省略结构的情况(省略只剩下主语)。如:
Not
only my mother was unhappy, but Marian,
too.