What is CBD ?
CBD means the Convention on Biological
Diversity. It is one of the outcomes of the United Nations
Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro in
1992. It is an umbrella international convention aiming not only at
the conservation and sustainable use of the Earth's biological
diversity, but also at the fair and equitable distribution of the
benefits arising from the use of genetic resources.
A. Conservation of Biological Diversity
In CBD, there are two kinds of conservation,
in-situ conservation and ex-situ conservation. In-situ conservation
means 'conservation of ecosystems and natural habitats and the
maintenance and recovery of viable populations of species in their
natural surroundings and, in the case of domesticated or cultivated
species, in the surroundings where they have developed their
distinctive properties.'
Ex-situ conservation means