学苑中心名师--王蕙

1．文章内容切题

审题准确,不跑题。

2．表达清楚

语言简洁、准确、说理清楚,读者能从作文内容清楚理解作者写作意图。

3．意义连贯。

文字连贯、层次分明、意义表达完整。要使文章意义连贯必须具有一定的技能，包括较强的语感，遣词造句能力和文章谋篇布局的组织能力；

4．语言规范。

符合英语表达的习惯、语法错误较少、语言基本功扎实，最终避免中式英语。

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无重大语法错误

    重大语法错误一般指时态不一致、主语谓语单复数形式不一致、用词不当等，这些问题的存在说明考生在平时的英语学习中很少练习写作，有人甚至从没写过作文，因而出现各种各样语法错误是可以理解的。考生应在考前多进行这方面的训练，一些语法错误在实践中是可以纠正过来的。下面举几例常见错误。病句及其分析：

　　1.So colleg e provid e the best condition for students.

　　此句的主谓语不一致。因为句子的意思是泛指大学为学生提供了最好的学习环境，这里的主语college应变为复数。这类错误极为常见。

　　2.Going to college does not followed that We′ll have a splendid future.

　　此句的主语是现在分词短语，全句的意思是：上大学并不表示我们的未来就一定会光辉灿烂。does not后应跟动词原型follow。

　　3.Second,have a part time job for poor student is a good way to help reduce his family burden.

　　此句中有两处错误。have a part time job不能直接作主语，可以改为不定式作主语to have a part time job,或者动名词作主语having a part time job。第二处错误是poor student。普通名词前应有冠词a或the,如前面没有冠词，名词应是复数形式。在这里可选用不定冠词，a poor student,或者poor students。在此句中为了与后半句中的his呼应将其改为a poor student为好。

　　4.In recent years,fake goods have been discovered more and more in the market.

　　第四句是中文式的英文，这是考生作文中的常见错误。按照英语的习惯可改为More and more fake goods have been discovered in the market in recent years.

写作技巧
　　一篇好的短文应该观点明确，思路清晰，论述有力、准确，语言正确，文字简洁、流畅、连贯，结构严谨。短文是由段落组成，因此写好段落是写好短文的关键。段落的组成分为三部分，主题句(Topic Sentence)、推展句(Development Sentences)和结论句(Concluding Sentence)。

　　主题句是全段的核心句，读者通过主题句能了解段落的中心思想。一个好的主题句还能限制话题所谈论的范围，表明段落展开的方向及方法。在英语文章中，围绕主题句展开的段落很多。下面两段摘自1995年的阅读试题。

　　A job applicant has the responsibility for ascertaining certain types of information prior to the interview. First,the applicant should know what kind of job he wants and how that job relates to his career objective.It is important that the applicant be able to state his reasons for wishing to work for a particular company.Second,the applicant should seek as much information as possible concerning the company.Relevant information for the applicant to locate includes such items as the location of the home and regional offices,the financial status of the company,plans for expansion,and company philosophy.Information about most major corporations is available in reference books and periodicals.

　　上段第一句是段落的主题句，句子的大意是：申请工作的人在接受面试前有责任了解某些方面的信息。主题句中的关键词是ascertaining certain types of information。紧接着，文章围绕主题句从两方面展开，论述了申请人应了解两类信息。

　　If Europeans thought a drought was something that happened only in Africa, they know better now. After four years of below？normal rainfall (in some cases only 10 percent of the annual average), vast areas of France, Spain, Portugal, Belgium, Britain and Ireland are dry and barren .Water is so low in the canals of northern France that waterway traffic is forbidden except on weekends.Oyster growers in Britain report a 30 percent drop in production because of the loss of fresh water in local rivers necessary for oyster breeding.In southeastern England, the rolling green hills of Kent have turned so brown that officials have been weighing plans to pipe in water from wales.In Portugal,farmers in the southern Alentejo region have held prayer meetings for rain-so far,in vain.

　　上段中第二句是主题句，它点明了全段的中心思想，即：四年来，法国、西班牙、葡萄牙、比利时，英国及爱尔兰的降雨量低于常年，这些国家的广大地区都严重缺水。下面的各句都是围绕这一主题展开的。

考生要对自身现有的水平有较为客观准确的认识。考生最好在规定时间内完成近两年GCT英语运用能力测试考过的真题，真正体会一下试题的难度和了解一下自己现有的水平与考试要求之间的差距，同时最好能够找出自己最薄弱的环节。

第三，在知己知彼的基础上制定合理的复习计划，严格执行计划，投入时间和精力，特别针对差距所在做重点攻破。这一步应该是考生备考阶段最重要的一步。在这一阶段，考生要走出一个应试误区，牢记应试的两样法宝。首先要走出的误区是将备考英语GCT英语运用能力测试等同于背单词，这是很多考生很容易犯的错误。单词虽然是所有英语考试的基础，但是单纯记忆单词从来都不是应对英语考试的有效策略，对于词汇总量要求不高的GCT英语运用能力测试（要求掌握的词汇总量为4000单词）就更不适用。应试的两样法宝一是做题技巧，二是题海战术。特别针对GCT英语运用能力测试出题特点和思路的做题技巧可以帮助考生缩短准备时间，提高做题正确率，能够起到事半功倍的效果。而大量做题则是熟练运用做题技巧，提高做题速度的必要保证。考生首先要做的是历年的真题，其次是符合出题思路和难度的相关专向练习题。最后，考生要做的就是调整好考试心态，既不能盲目乐观，掉以轻心；也不要过度焦虑，妄自菲薄。自信镇定是发挥自身水平、取得考试佳绩的有力保障。

一、区别不同要求，各个击破“堡垒”

同等学力考试分为口语交际、阅读、翻译、写作、词汇等专项测试。这些专项测试对词汇数量、类型和掌握的熟练程度要求也是差别很大的。口语交际所要求的词汇量不大，但要求熟练程度高。其中对人文教育、科学技术、生活口语、习语谚语等，必须做到“眼熟”。翻译和写作涉及的词数量也不大，但多数是正规的大词，尤其连接词汇、句法结构功能词等要用得熟练。辨错改错、综合填充用词数量均有限，主要考运用技能。相比之下，阅读词汇数量最大，几乎涉及到全部《大纲》词表，不过其中许多词只要能认识即可。“词汇”考项涉及的词群已如前所述，不仅要求认识，更要求掌握其用法及细微差别。针对这些不同的要求，考生不可仅靠“背词”一招取胜，而应采取如下方法各个击破：（1）先快速背诵本系列丛书的《大纲词汇板块速记》一书，不仅可一举突破阅读的词汇难关，也可对听力等其它考项词群认识在先。（2）在背上述词汇其间，重在“听”配套的磁带，以听熟“听力”词群。（3）对写作、翻译涉及的词群，通过动笔“写”熟。（4）对其它词群则主要靠在练习中巩固与消化。

二、集中精力于难点，复用词汇靠题练

《大纲》规定同等学力应试考生最低应掌握5,300个英语词汇和300个左右的常用动词词组。对其中的2,500个带星号的复用词要求熟练掌握。其学习重点已很明确。且在这2,500左右带星号的复用词中，其中中学学过的词就有1,500多。要考的复用词中真正生疏的也只有1000个左右。我会再把1995--2006这11年考题中经常考到的词汇整理给大家。

通过对历年考试词汇统计可以看出，过去年考卷中词汇部分所考到的重点词汇集中在常用动词（包括短语动词）、常用名词、形容词词组、副词，还有少量的介副词性小品词。这些都是英语词汇中最活跃的词汇。由过去可推知未来，今后的命题也还会沿用这个宗旨。考生若能把自己的精力集中在这类复用词汇上，复习效果肯定能够提高较快。对待这些复用词汇，单纯靠“背”是解决不了问题的，而要在大量的练习中掌握之。

A                                 同义词、近义词替代、辨析

access n.通路，访问，入门 vt. 存取，接近             approach， close to

Finding out about these universities has become easy for anyone with Internet _______.

A. entrance                  B. admission            C. access               D. entry （2003考题）

accidentally adv. 偶然地,意外地                           casually, unexpectedly

 While shopping in a department store, I _______left my purse lying on a counter of handbags.

A. initially                          B. fortunately  C. frustratedly                   D. accidentally(1995)

accomplish vt.完成,达到,实现                      achieve, complete, fulfill

Computers will flourish because they enable us to accomplish tasks that could never before have been undertaken. (1997)

A.implement                         B. render            C. assign                      D. complete

account for v.说明,战,解决,得分                          explain, make out, say, show,

The cashier was asked to ________every penny of the money that he took care of.

A. account to                      B. use up                   C. amount to     D. account for (1995)

The fruit ___________more than half the country’s annual exports. according to a recent report.

A. accounts for          B. stands for    C. provides for          D. makes for(2006)

on account of  adv.                                            Because of

I would recommend this inn highly on account of its wonderful location. (2004)

A. as a result of                                B. because of                 

C. with regard to                                      D. with a view to

address n.地址，致辞，演说 vt.向 致辞，演说               speaking , speech

The dean can’t see you at the moment. He is addressing the first-year students in the lecture hall.

A. complaining to        B. arguing with   C. speaking to D. consulting with (2002)

adverse adj. 不利的,敌对的,相反的               bad,disadvantageous,unfavorable

Because of adverse weather conditions, the travelers stopped to camp.

 A. local                  B. unfamiliar             C. good                        D. unfavorable(2001)

advertisement n.广告                                 ad.   commercial,

The television station is supported by _______from foundations and other sources.

A. donations                B. advertisements C. pensions             D. accounts (1999)

advocate    vt. 提倡,鼓吹                           call for, preach, encourage

Professor Wu traveled and lectured throughout the country to ______education and professional skills so that women could enter the public world.

    A. prosecute                                         B. acquire

    C. advocate                                          D. proclaim (2000)

afflunent  adj.富裕的,富足的                                                   rich, wealthy

 In general, the British people belong to one of the more affluent countries of Europe and enjoy a high standard of living compared to the rest of the world.(2005)

A. plentiful                  B. powerful       C. friendly          D. wealthy

alike adj. 相同的,相似的                                   same,uniform

Exercise seems benefit the brain power of healthy and sick, young and old _______.(1997)

A. alike             B.alive           C. together          D. included

ambiguous n.模糊的                                                          obsure,unclear, blurred,

Hague was elected as the Conservative Party leader partly because of his ambiguous views on

Britain’s position in relation to its partners in the European Union.

   A. ambitious     B. obscure             C. appalling          D. indifferent

amount to 总计，合计，折合                             be equal to

Many youngsters have heard their parents say “You’ll never amount to anything if you keep daydreaming that way!”

   A. be equal to                          B. accomplish

   C. add up to                           D. pursue (2006)

anguish

n.痛苦,苦恼 vt.使苦恼,使苦闷                    bitter, misery, poignant
I shall never forget the look of intense anguish on the face of his parents when they heard the news.(2005考题)

A. stress                    B. dilemma        C. misery           D. surprise

 applicable  n. 可应用的,可实践的               practical, viable

The recent findings are also applicable to other areas of design engineering. (1997)

A. practical               B. relevant                   C. convenient              D. comparable

 Approach n. 方法，途径，步骤                         way, means

Thus the most logical approach is to focus our analysis on the trade relations of Spain with other European countries.

A. reasoning           B. conclusion      C. position              D. method(2006)

 apart from 除…外                              except , besides

_______ being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill.
A. Rather than             B. Apart from   C. Instead of                         D. Owing to (2002)

 ascertain            n. 查明,弄清                                           verify, find out ,solve

On hearing of the case some time later, Conan Doyle was convinced that the man was not guilty, and immediately went to work to ascertain the truth.

A. explore                             B. obtain            C. verify                      D. search(1997)

 Aspirations n. 渴望，抱负，志向                                  ambition

The university offered several more courses for the purpose of furthering the career

   aspirations of its students.

   A. ambitions                              B. achievements

   C. advantages                             D. advances

 asset n.资产                                              capital, property,substance

He misled management by giving it the idea that the older and more experienced men were not an _______ but a liability.

A. assistance          B. advantage      C. asset                    D. award(1999)

 attribute v. 属性,品质,归结于                              sum up, in conclusion

How large a proportion of the sales of stores in or near resort areas can be_________ to tourist spending?
A. contributed             B. applied                    C. attributed     D. attached(1998)

 awareness      n.知道,晓得             perception ,know, be consicous of

One's awareness, both conscious and unconscious, of what happened in the past has a strong influence on one's behavior.

A. storage                             B. impression     C. memory                  D. perception(1995)