Part I: Introduction
Beijing and Shanghai, as two centers of modern culture in China, represent two extremely different kinds of cultures. Beijing means elegant, noble, country-oriented far from secular interests, and is seen as the consciousness of modern China and some kind of elegy of traditional China. On the other hand, Shanghai represents the modernist life style, the most latest art and literature fashion. It gives China new way to look and feel the modern city life which often imitates the west, especially the USA. These two cities fostered double schools of movies which could be described as Auteur movies and Amateur movies.
Auteur movie, generated from France movie history of 1960s, nouvelle vague, signifies those whose directors have supreme power and right to create the movie like write a novel or compose a symphony. Thus, the director c