[Lesson 60  What's the time?  几点钟？

上课录音

http://www.tudou.com/v/fkxHN0rrVbU/&rpid=108592915&resourceId=108592915_04_11_19/v.swf
Listen to the tape then answer this question. Does the lady buy any chalk?
听录音，然后回答问题。这位女士有没有买粉笔？
LADY：I want some envelopes, please.
SHOP ASSISTANT：do you want the large size or the small size?
LADY：The large size, please.
LADY：Do you have any writing paper?
SHOP ASSISTANT：          Yes, we do.
SHOP ASSISTANT：I don't have any small pads. I only have large ones. Do you want a pad?
LADY：Yes, please.
LADY：And I want some glue.
SHOP ASSISTANT：A bottle of glue.
LADY：And I want a large box of chalk, too.
SHOP ASSISTANT：I only have small boxes. Do you want one?
LADY：No, thank you.
SHOP ASSISTANT：Is that all?
LADY：That's all, thank you.
SHOP ASSISTANT：What else do you want?
LADY：I want my change.
New words and expressions生词和短语

Notes on the text课文注释
1 Do you want the large size or the small size?
这句话是选择疑问句，逗号前的size读升调，后者读降调。
2 I only have large ones.
句中的ones指pads。
3 What else do you want? 您还要什么吗？其中的What else…? 可以看作是表示疑问的一个短语，意思是：“还有什么吗？”

 

LADY: I want some envelopes, please

.[want + n.  eg. I want a new skirt. 我想要一条新裙子。want to do sth.  eg.I want to buy a new skirt. 我想要买一条新裙子。some可修饰复数可数名词与不可数名词。envelope是可数名词，复数为envelopes。

SHOP ASSISTANT: Do you want the large size or the  small size?

[这是一个选择疑问句，or前的size读升调，后面的读降调。the large size表示大号的 the small size表示小号的]

Will you buy the pen or the book? 你是要买笔还是书？

Do you eat bread or egg for breakfast? 你早餐吃面包还是鸡蛋？

LADY:   The large size, please.

LADY:           Do you have any writing paper?

[writing paper不可数名词 a piece of writing paper/a sheet of writing paper一张信纸

SHOP ASSISTANT: Yes, we do.

SHOP ASSISTANT: I don't have any small pads. I only have large ones.    Do you want a pad?

small pads  小本  pad是可数名词  ones指pads(pads是可数名词复数，所以要用不定代词的复数形式ones来代替。

 LADY:   Yes, please.

LADY:   And I want some glue.

glue是不可数名词，some是修饰不可数名词glue的。bottle是可数名词，瓶，瓶子 三瓶胶水three bottles of glue要在两次bottle上体现复数概念

SHOP ASSISTANT: A bottle of glue.

LADY: And I want a large box   of chalk, too

a large box of chalk一大盒粉笔  two boxes of chalk两盒粉笔  a piece of chalk一根粉笔

SHOP ASSISTANT: I only have small boxes. Do you want one?

boxes 后面省略了of chalk

one 指代one small box of chalk

LADY:   No, thank you.

SHOP ASSISTANT: Is that all?

LADY: That's all, thank you.

SHOP ASSISTANT: What else do you want?

What else...?可以看成是表示疑问的一个句式，意思是“还有别的...吗？”else常接在疑问词和不定代词后面，表示“别的”，“其他的”。eg.Who else is from New York?还有谁是从纽约来的？When else shall we meet again?我们什么时候再见面？What else did he say?他还说了什么？

what /which /who /where /when /whose /how +else (疑问词+else）

what else还有什么。which else 在这几个中还有那个who else 还有谁？ where else还有哪？

when else 还有什么时候

参考译文
女  士：请给我拿几个信封。
售货员：您要大号的还是小号的？
女  士：请拿大号的。
女  士：您有信纸吗？
售货员：有。
售货员：我没有小本的信纸，只有大本的。您要一本吗？女士：好，请拿一本。
女  士：我还要些胶水。
售货员：一瓶胶水。
女  士：我还要一大盒粉笔。
售货员：我只有小盒的。您要一盒吗？
女  士：不了，谢谢。
售货员：就要这些吗？
女  士：就这些，谢谢。
售货员：您还要什么吗？
女  士：我要找的零钱。

 

 

时间的表示方法注意：

（1）时间后面的a.m.指24小时中的1:00~11:59；p.m.则指12:00~24:00。

（2）表示“几点过几分”，如果分钟在半小时以内（包括半小时），句式为“分钟+past+小时”。如：

eleven past seven七点过十一分   7:11

（3）quarter意思是“四分之一”，用在时间中表示“一刻钟”。15分钟。

three quarter表示“三刻钟”即“45分钟”。

half past nine九点半

（4）表示“几点差几分”，如果分钟在半小时以上（不包括半小时）。句式为“分钟+to+小时”，如：

two to seven七点差两分

a quarter to eight八点差一刻

（5）日常生活中用口语表达时间时，可以直接照书面数字读。如：

7:15读作seven fifteen

11:30读作eleven thirty

3:53读作three fifty-three

[语法]
have/has的用法
1、当 have 表示“拥有、具有”这个概念的时候，其否定形式和疑问形式各有两种。
这种情况，可以在 have/has 后直接加not, 也可以象普通动词那样，借助一般现在时助动词 do/does 来表示否定和疑问。
I haven't a sister. / I don't have a sister.
Have you a sister? / Do you have a sister?
have当“拥有”讲时，可用于所有一般时态，却不能用于进行时态。

2、当have表示行为动作的时候，不可以在have/has后直接加not，而要借助一般现在时助动词do/does来表示否定和疑问。have作实义动词时可以用于各种时态。
I have my lunch at twelve every day.
I don't have my lunch at twelve every day.
Do you have your lunch at twelve every day?
have/has 实义动词，有时可以代替一些普通动词，如吃、喝、跳、游泳等
eat one's lunch/have one's lunch；take/have some medicine；have a swim；have a chat(talk/walk)；have a rest；have/ take a break；have a cup of coffee；eat one's lunch/have one's lunch
3、have可以作为助动词，其一，用于现在完成时。其二，没有实际意义。
have/has/haven't/hasn't.
I have been to H.K..
She has been to U.S.A..
4、have（have got）常与表示疼痛和疾病的名词连用。
① 有的前面要加不定冠词，有些可加可不加不定冠词
have a cold；have (a) backache/stomachache/toothache
② 复数形式的疾病名称前面不用冠，如measles（麻疹），mumps（流行性腮腺炎），shingles（带子状疱疹）
Most children are in bed with mumps.
③ 被认为不可数的疾病名称前面不用冠词，如flu（流行性感冒），gout（痛风），hepatitis（肝炎）
I was in bed with flu for ten days.
the也可以与flu，measles和mumps等词连用
  He’s got the flu

Written exercises书面练习

A Rewrite these sentences using -s or -es where necessary.

根据需要为以下句子中用斜体书写的名词加上-s或-es，或保持原形。

Examples：

I don't have any banana, but I have some peach.

I don't have any bananas, but I have some peaches.

I don't have any coffee, but I have some milk.

I don't have any coffee, but I have some milk.

1 I don't have any grape, but I have some peach.

2 I don't have any tomato, but I have some potato.

3 I don't have any mince, but I have some steak.

4 I don't have any glue, but I have some ink.

5 I don't have any envelope, but I have some writing paper.

B Answer these questions beginning with I, we or they.

模仿例句回答问题，选用I, we或they。

Example：

Do you have any butter?                /cheese

I don't have any butter, but I have some cheese.

1 Do you have any honey?                       /jam

2 Do you and Penny have any beans?        /potatoes

3 Do Penny and Sam have any wine?        /beer

4 Do you and Sam have any bread?           /biscuits

5 Do Sam and Penny have any grapes?      /bananas

6 Do you have any mince?                       /steak

7 Do the children have any butter?            /eggs

8 Do you have any lettuces?                     /cabbages

9 Do you and Penny have any beaus?        /peas