欢迎大家来到YY3096晚间课堂新三授课室

tutor: 禁锢  monitor: vin ,echo

授课日期:2012.03.15 19:30-21:30

 

lesson 4 the double life of Alfred Blogs 艾尔弗雷德，布洛格斯的双重生活

 

New words and expressions 生词和短语

 

 

 

     manual

 

adj. 体力的    

    collar

 

n.  衣领   

 

    sacrifice

 

v.  牺牲，献出    

    privilege

 

n.  好处    

    dustman

 

n.  清洁工  

 

    corporation

 

n.  公司

 

 

 

    overalls

 

n.  工作服    

    shower

 

n.  淋浴  

 

    secret

 

n.  秘密  

 

    status

 

n.  地位

 

 

 

double life

 

double character 双重性格

 

double chin 双下巴

 

double bed 双人床

 

twin beds 两长标准床

 

bigamy 重婚

 

two-timer脚踩两只船 a man who dates 2 women at the same time

 

 

 

manual  manual laborer 体力劳动者

 

automatic 自动的 auto 自动的

 

automat 自动售货机

 

autobiography 自传

 

autonomous region 自治区 = self-ruled

 

 

 

collar n 衣领

 

CEO gold collar /white collar/  blue collar 体力劳动者

 

Dog collar 牧师们

 

(A stiff round white collar worn by priests)

 

Hot under the collar 是人的身体 (feel angry or excited)气愤不已热血沸腾

 

Eg clam down! don’t get hot under the collar

 

 

 

Make a collar (police catch criminals)警察抓小偷的时候就是一把抓住他的领子

 

 

 

Privilege n  a spcial advantage 特殊优先权 特权

 

Underprivileged 没有特权 贫困的下层接机的

 

For the privilege of 出于什么样的目的 仅仅是为了获得殊荣和荣耀

 

Eg many people are willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers

 

 

 

见到大人物时 it’s my great privilege to make your acquaintance

 

能结识您 实乃三生有幸

 

Eg I’ve heard so much about you

 

久闻大名 表达爱慕的时候

 

Your reputation proceeds you 久仰

 

 

 

Corporation n 大型股份有限公司

 

Multinational corporation 跨国公司 multi 多的

 

小公司 company  enterprise 企业

 

joint-venture enterprise 彼此互相承担风险合资企业

 

State-owned enterprise 国有企业

 

Township enterprise 乡镇企业

 

Non-government run school 民办学校

 

 

 

Go over

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

These days, people who do manual work often receive far more money than people who work in offices.

 

如今，从事体力劳动的人的收入一般要比坐办公室的人高出许多。

 

文章的主旨句 到底哪种人的收入高  作者给出了答案

 

Money

 

Receive money 拿工资 save money 存钱 spend money

 

Spend the money tomorrow today

 

Make money 赚钱

 

Far 不是远近而是程度副词

 

Lots more  money 多的钱 a little more多一点点

 

作者为什么会那样说呢 ？

 

 People who work in offices are frequently referred to as "white-collar workers' for the simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work.

 

坐办公室的之所以常常被称作“白领工人”，就是因为他们通常是穿着硬领白衬衫，系着领带去上班。

 

Be referred to as 被称作

 

Eg 他这个人被称为活字典

 

He is referred to as walking dictionary

 

口语中 用作 be known to us all as 大家叫他---

 

He is known to us all as walking dictionary

 

第二课 be recognized as 认出是

 

In the torchlight he was recognized as bill by the vicar

 

Refer-referred-referring

 

Prefer-preferred-preferring

 

Stir-stirred-stirring 搅拌

 

Star-starred-starring

 

商业中 经常提到谁主演

 

Forrest Gump starred by Tom Hanks

 

 

 

For 引导的原因状语从句

 

Wear a collar and tie 穿着衬衫 打折领带

 

当互相配套时一系列的时候 公用冠词

 

西方人认为穿衬衫一定会打着领带

 

A fork and knife 一副刀叉

 

A singer and dancer 一个歌舞演员

 

A father and mother 克莱默夫妇 里面举例

 

 

 

 

 

Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.

 

许多人常常情愿放弃较高的薪水以换取做白领工人的殊荣，此乃人之常情。

 

That 从句是such 的同位语从句而不是非限定定语从句

 

 

 

 This can give rise to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.

 

而这常常会引起种种奇怪的现象，在埃尔斯米尔公司当清洁工的艾尔弗雷德.布洛斯就是一个例子。

 

This 替代的什么呢？ = that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers

 

 

 

Give rise to 引起

 

Eg 在中国这种重男亲女的社会总是会引起各种问题发生

 

That boys are weighed more important than girls can give rise to curious situations

 

污染引起了全球的温室效应

 

Pollution gave rise to a world wide green-house effect

 

 

 

Give birth to 生了---孩子

 

She gave birth to a pretty girl 她生了一个漂亮的小孩

 

 

 

As 引导的比较状语从句

 

As it did  as 引导了一个方式状语从句

 

It : 上一句中 that 从句的内容

 

Did：give rise to curious situations

 

 

 

In the case of 就---情形而言对---来说

 

Fat depressed many people but in the case of Han Hong it was otherwise

 

 

 

Please tell soothing about myself

 

突出自己

 

Difficulties depressed may people , but in the case of me if was otherwise

 

 

 

In case of 万一 以防

 

Take an umbrella with you in case of rain

 

Body guard 私人保镖 里面女主人公上台时男主人公给了一个十字架

 

A ：what for ?

 

B ： in case

 

第二段遵从作者的主旨 继续举例  面子远远大于其他东西

 

 

 

When he got married, Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job. He simply told her that he worked for the Corporation.

 

艾尔弗结婚时，感到非常难为情，而没有将自己的职业告诉妻子。他只说在埃尔斯米尔公司上班。

 

too ---to 翻译不要翻译为太怎样而不能  不地道。

 

建议大家适当的情况下做出调节  连—都没

 

Get married 结婚

 

顺序 get engaged 订婚 get married 结婚 get separated 分居 get divorced 离婚

 

 Background notes

 

The oath 婚誓 wedded 有法律效应的结婚

 

I take you as my wedded husband from the moment forward for better or worse for rich or poor health or sickness to love and cherish as god is my witness I give my promise

 

 

 

我愿从这一刻开始成为你合法的妻子 无论好坏我们祸福同当 无论富裕还是贫穷无论健康还是疾病愿上帝做我们的证人我发誓用一生去爱或者珍惜

 

 

 

弥天大谎之后怎么圆谎呢？

 

Every morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit. He then changed into overalls and spent the next eight hours as a dustman. Before returning home at night. He took a shower and changed back into his suit.

 

每天早晨，他穿上一身漂亮的黑色西装离家上班然后换上工作服，当8个小时清洁工晚上回家前，他洗个淋浴，重新换上那身黑色西服。

 

Change into 换上

 

Change back into 脱下来又穿上

 

Alf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept his secret

 

 

 

两年多以来，艾尔弗一直这样，他的同事也为他保守秘密。

 

Alf did this  省略与替代

 

I can do so  书面表达 do so

 

I can do it  口语

 

 

 

Fellow 同伴 伙伴 （亲切 易引起情感共鸣）美国总统演讲是会用到这个词

 

 

 

Fellow dustman 老乡 fellow townsman 同乡 fellow countryman 同胞总统演讲

 

Fellow citizen 市民们 市长演讲

 

 

 

-Mate  伙伴

 

Workmate  roommate 室友 helpmate妻子 生活中帮助扶持你的

 

Soul mate 红颜知己  蓝颜知己

 

 

 

 Alf's wife has never discovered that she married a dustman and she never will

 

艾尔弗的妻子一直不知道她嫁给了一个清洁工，而且她永远也不会知道了

 

 

 

Have never done---and never will从不曾后来也不会

 

结构上的修改

 

Don’t you know I have carried the torch for you a long time

 

你不知道吗 我暗恋你很久了

 

I’m sorry I have never loved you and never will

 

, for Alf has just found another job. He will soon be working in an office. He will be earning only half as much as he used to, but he feels that his rise in status is well worth the loss of money.

 

因为艾尔弗已找到薪职，不久就要坐办公室里工作了。他将来挣的钱只有他现在的一半。

 

非常漂亮的地方 用了两个时态

 

Will soon be working 将来进行时

 

第二个依然是将来进行时

 

Willl be earnig

 

 

 

Half as much as 原级比较级 同级比较

 

怎么表达差异呢

 

是多少倍

 

As old as

 

She is twice as old as her son 他是他儿子年龄的两倍

 

As 是介词  后面as 是连词

 

As much as he used to (do)

 

To 的不定式省略了动词 当说话人为了避免重复刚刚提过的动词时 动词不定式的动作就被省略掉了

 

 

 

哪些可以省略

 

Want mean hope expect refuse seem intend

 

 

 

I asked him to go to the party but he refused to

 

 I intended to go out for dinner with him ,but he didn’t want to

 

托福改错题喜欢考这个

 

 

 

Rise in status 上升 社会地位

 

Rise in taxes 上税

 

Rise in prices 物价上涨了

 

The rise in prices gave rise to a series of social reactions

 

物价上涨带来了一系列社会问题

 

Rise in the world 崛起

 

China as the largest developing country is rising in the world

 

 

 

Rise and fall 上升和下降

 

The level of people’s moods rises and falls during a day

 

人的情绪在一天中忽高忽低的

 

 

 

Worth 值得

 

Be worth doing 一定加动名词才能做宾语 无被动语态

 

Be worth reading

 

Be worth watching

 

Be worth visiting

 

The book is worth reading

 

这本书值得被看

 

The film is worth watching

 

这部片子值得被看

 

It’s worth the time

 

It’s worth the efforts

 

It’s worth the hard work

 

 

 

It’s worth all the hard work you put in education when you see so many happy children

 

 

 

看到开心孩子们 花费再多的精力融入到教育中都是值得的

 

 

 

From now on, he will wear a suit all day and others will call him 'Mr. Bloggs', not 'Alf'.

 

 

 

  从此，艾尔弗可以一天到晚穿西服了。别人将称呼他为“布洛格斯先生”，而不再叫他“艾尔弗”了。

 

这种戏剧性的变化在一个小人物身上发生了。

 

Idioms

 

1 either make or break it 平行结构 听觉效果上非常押韵不怎样 否则

 

不成功 则成仁   破釜沉舟

 

 

 

2 time and tide wait for no man          tide希腊语就是time

 

岁月不待人

 

 

 

He told her that he worked for the corporation

 

 

 

A simply

 

B in the simple way

 

C and no more

 

D only

 

原文第九行 第十行  he simply told her that 他只是说 simply just merely

 

A 简单的

 

B 以简单的方式告知

 

D 会引起歧义 他只为这家公司工作

 

C 再无其他

 

 

 

Before he ---home at night he took a shower

 

A was returning

 

B returned

 

C had returned

 

D will return

 

 

 

Took a shower 发生在 returned home 前 但都属于过去所以只有B正确

 

Before引导的宾语从句不分先后顺序或者不强调先后顺序的时候保持统一时态

 

 

 

His earnings were only half the amount ---

 

A as they used to

 

B they used to

 

C they used to be

 

D they were used to

 

 

 

Used to do 过去常常发生的动作

 

而be used to doing  则是习惯于从语意上来说D 排除

 

 

 

当used to 后为Be动词是 该be 动词通常不能省略

 

 

 

His rise in status more than---he loss of money 弥补

 

A  pays back

 

B rewards

 

C compensates for

 

D values

 

补偿

 

A 偿还 报答

 

B 酬谢

 

C 评估 估价

 

 

 

He wanted to be ---Mr.bloggs not Alf

 

A addressed as

 

B named

 

C cried out

 

D shouted

 

 

 

A 被称为

 

B 命名为 人家不能给他起名字

 

C 大声喊叫

 

D 叫喊