新概念二49课
(2012-07-05 19:31:24)
--酸梅汤
New words and expressions生词和短语
★tired
◇I'm tired of doing homework. 我讨厌做作业
★real [ri:l] adj. 实际的;真实的;实在的
◇He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到长城非好汉。
★owner ['əunə] n. 所有者;物主
★spring [spriŋ] n. 春天;弹簧;泉水
★fountain
★mattress ['mætris] n.
床垫;褥子;空气垫
★gust
[gʌst]
★sweep [swi:p]
(过去式swept[swept],过去分词swept[swept])
① vt. 扫,打扫
◇She sweeps the floor/the room every morning.她每天早上都打扫地板/房间。
② vt. (风)吹;刮
◇A huge wave
◇The newspaper has been swept away by the wind.报纸被风刮走了。
★courtyard ['kɔ:tjɑ:d] n. 庭院,院子;天井
★smash
[smæʃ]
①
◇The cup smashed on the floor.这个杯子摔碎在地板上了。
◇The bed was smashed to pieces.床被摔成碎片了。
◇The letter was torn to pieces.信被撕成碎片了。
◇The egg is easy to crash.鸡蛋很容易被挤碎。
②
◇Why didn’t you smash the man with your fist?你怎么不给他一拳呢?
◇A car smashed into the wall.一辆车撞墙里去了。
★unhurt
[ʌn'hə:t]
◇Although the bed was smashed to pieces, the man was miraculously unhurt. 尽管床摔成了碎片,但年轻人却奇迹般地没有受伤。
★miraculously [mi'rækjuləsli] (miracle
n.奇迹)
adv. 奇迹般地;神奇地;出乎意料地
同义词:unexpectedly
◇The fever had miraculously disappeared, and the coughing had stopped.烧奇迹般地退了,也不咳嗽了。
★glance [ɡlɑ:ns]
glare at 怒视 [强调情绪是怒]
stare at 盯着看,凝视 (没有礼貌地看)
gaze at 盯住
用glance,glare,stare和gaze填空
(stop doing sth.停止做某事。stop to do sth.停下来去做某事。)
★promptly[prɔmptli]
①adv. 迅速地
①
◇What prompted her to be so generous?是什么促使他如此慷慨大方?
Text Analysis课文解析
tired引导的分词短语省略了开头的being,其作用相当于原因状语从句:As he was tired of…。be tired of sth/doing sth 厌倦做某事
(1)
原因状语从句由从属连词because,as,since,now that,for…等引导。because表示“原因”语气最强,回答“why",as表原因时语气不如because强,引导的从句往往放在主句前面,表示较明显的原因;since表示已知悉的原因。
◇We work hard at English because we want to communicate with English-speaking people.
我们努力学英语是因为我们想和说地道英语的人更好的交流。
◇As the weather was fine, we decided to climb the mountain因为天气好,我们决定去爬山。
◇since he is busy,I won't trouble him.我清楚他很忙,所以我就不去麻烦他了。
(2)save
up为固定短语,表示“储蓄”、“攒钱”,"up"起加强语气的作用:
Leon wants to get married in one or two years, so he’s trying to
save(some money)up.
Leon想一两年之间内结婚,所以他在设法攒钱。
(3)to在这里用于表示目的,相当于in order to:
Stacey got up early to have a swim. 宅家为了去游泳起了个大早。
为了游泳我起了个大早。
Spring作名词时还有“发条、弹簧”的意思。课文中就是这种用法。
◇DaBai became a father for the first time in his life. 大白生平第一次当了父亲
◇Let your mother know that you love her and are proud of her. 让你的妈妈知道你是爱她的,并为她骄傲
Katherine jumped onto the stage. 凯瑟琳跳上了台上。
Katherine jumped on the stage. 凯瑟琳在台上跳了跳。
◇I study hard for the first three nights.头三天晚上我学习很用功。
一个句子中不能出现两个动词,如果出现了两个动词,要用and或but连接;或者把其中一个作为非谓语动词to
do(表目的),-ed(表被动),-ing(表主动)。
◇I’ll stay here until
Monday.
◇I won’t leave until Monday.
◇The plate dripped on the floor and smashed into little pieces.
盘子掉到了地上,砸成了小碎片。
miraculous是形容词
◇It was raining when we arrived.我们到达的时候正在下雨。(两个动作同时发生)
◇when I pressed the button the radio stopped当我按下按钮后收音机就停止了。(动作一前一后)
◇She came up as he was working.他正在工作的时候她走过来了。(动作同时发生)
◇While you were away,two persons came to see you. 你不在的时候,两个人来找你了。
(1)glancing为现在分词,引导的短语相当于一个时间状语从句after he glanced at…。动词的ing形式一定强调某一个名词之间的主动关系(he--glance)。
(2)动词glance的主要含义为“看一眼”、“扫视”:
◇John glanced at his watch and left the room.
约翰看了一眼手表,然后离开了房间。
(3)that引导的关系从句修饰the bits of wood and metal,作定语
①lie作“躺,卧、处于(位置)”解 时,过去式为:lay,过去分词为:lain;
②lie作“撒谎”解时,过去式为:lied,过去分词为:lied
③lay可作“放,摆,搁;产卵”解,其过去式和过去分词均为:laid。
这里went to sleep也就相当于fell asleep(同样用的是过去式)。
Grammar in use语法知识
从句子结构上来说,句子有三种:简单句、并列句和复合句。简单句有一个主语或多个主语和一个谓语;一个主语和多个谓语。并列句是由并列连词连接的两个或多个简单句。复合句指的是含有两个或更多的主谓结构的句子,其中有一个(或更多)主谓结构充当句子的某一(些)成分,如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、同位语等。主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句都属于复合句。
状语从句
按照引导词分类:
When/As/While he was eating his breakfast, he heard the door bell.
It has been two years since I came to Beijing.
辨析:when / while / as
◇The boy cried when he saw his mother.那个男孩看到他妈妈的时候哭了。
◇Tom fell asleep while Jerry was giving a lecture.汤姆在杰瑞讲课的时候睡着了
地点状语从句表示地点,常用的关联词有where, wherever, anywhere等。
◇ Put it where you found it.在那找到的就放哪儿去。
◇ Sit down wherever you like.你爱坐哪儿就坐哪儿。
◇ Anywhere she goes, he goes too.她去哪儿,他就去哪儿。
原因状语从句表示原因/理由,常用关联词because, as, since
◇The days are short,for it is now December.白天短了,因为现在是12月份了。
条件状语从句表示真实的或现实的条件,引导从句所用的关联词有if, unless, suppose, in case(that), in the event (that), as (so) long as等等。
◇ If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman.如果明儿下雪了,我们会堆个雪人儿。
◇ Suppose we are late, what will he say? (suppose从句必须放在主句之前)
让步状语从句表示“虽然、尽管、即使”等概念,使句子具有对比的因素。常用的关联词有although, though, even if, even though, not that(=although…not)等,置于主语之前或后。
◇Though he has lived for years in London, he writes in French.尽管他已经在伦敦居住几年了,他还是用法语写作。
◇ We intend to go U.S., even if air fares are expensive.尽管机票费很贵,我们还是打算去美国。
结果状语从句表示结果, 常由连词so…that, such(a/an)…that, so that, such that等引导,置于主语之后。
◇She was so frightened about the dog that she cried.她是如此的害怕狗狗所以她就哭了。
◇There is so rapid an increase in market supply that the price starts to fall.市场供给猛增以至于价格开始下降了。
◇He is such a wonderful joker that you can't help laughing.他这人太逗了让你忍不住想笑。
◇SuanMeitang is such a beautiful girl that I can't help loving her.酸梅汤真是个太漂亮的姑娘了,让我无法不爱她。
目的状语从句表示目的,回答what for或 for what purpose的问题,常用关联词so that, in order that等引导,一般置于主语之后。目的状语从句中的谓语动词常由“情态动词+动词原形”构成。
◇Ships carry lifeboats so that people can escape if the ship sinks.游轮上携带救生船是为了以便船下沉时用来逃生。
◇They risk their lives so that/in order that they may support their kids.为了支持孩子们他们冒着生命危险。
Thanks for your attention!J
私助:Jamie咸鱼(录)
2012.7.4晚