主格结构类似状语从句，它不含谓语动词，只含有名词（代词）+不定式、现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词或介词短语。前面部分的名词代词在意思逻辑上，相当于从句的主语，后部分的表达则相当于从句的谓语或表语。

1.常见基本结构

Here are the first three volumes, the fourth one to come out next month.

Weather permitting, we are going to go shopping tomorrow.

The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.

Mary came into the room, her ears red with cold.

She put on his socks wrong side out.

He came out of the library, a large book on his hand.

2.带with的独立主格

with the hard work to be done, we have to prepare for it.

With the guide leading us, we got to the village.

He felt uneasy with the whole class staring at him.

He stood there, with his hand raised.

The boy was crying with the vase broken.

With the door open, he left the classroom.

With the glove off, she felt cold.

With the lights on, the building looks beautiful.

The boy rushed into the room with his schoolbag in his hand.

He lay on the grass, the sun shining upon him.他躺在草地上，阳光撒照在他的身上。

All things considered, I think we ought to give the job to George.

考虑到方方面面的因素，我认为我们应该让乔治来做这项工作。（if）

With plenty of homework to do/to be done, Tom will have to stay up tonight.

因为有大量的工作要做，汤姆今晚不得不熬夜。（as）

The dark clouds having dispersed, the sun shone again.乌云散去，太阳重放光芒。（after）

The strike having been called off, the workers returned to the factory.

由于罢工已经取消，工人们返回了工厂。（as）

The speech having been delivered, a lively discussion started.

演讲结束后，开始了热烈的讨论。（after）

All the tasks having been fulfilled ahead of time, they decided to go on holiday for a week.

因为所有的任务都提前完成，他们决定度假一周。（as/after）

All flights having been cancelled because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.

由于暴风雪，所有航班都已取消，许多乘客别无选择只能乘火车。（as）

A new technique had been worked out, the yields as a whole increased by 20%.

由于发明了一项新技术，产量整体增长了20%。（as）

3.独立主格结构的省略

当独立主格结构的逻辑主语很清楚如we, you, one时，常可省略，常见的省略表达有：

Generally speaking

Strictly speaking

Taking of

Speaking of

Judging from

Taking all thing into consideration/into account

Considering

other things being equal

Other things being equal, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.

其他条件一致的情况下，语言表达能力强的人肯定会比语言能力差的人更快地获得成功。

Considering the amount of money she paid, the dog was dear in more ways than one.

考虑到她所付的钱数，这只狗的贵重也就不是一方面的了。

Taking all things into consideration/into account, a conclusion can be drawn that this theory should be put into practice.考虑到所有的因素，可以得出结论：应该将此理论付诸实施。

Speaking of history, China should be one of the oldest countries in the world.

说到历史，中国应该是世界上最古老的国家之一。

Judging from his accent, the foreigner should be from America .

从口音来判断，这个外国人应该来自美国。