​内容来源：分享美国 地址链接：http://go.usa.gov/xDWkT 

今年秋天，当美国第一个海上风力发电场在罗得岛州（Rhode Island）沿岸开始发电时，将成为首个同类发电场，而这一趋势最终将为越来越多的美国人提供绿色能源。

造价3亿美元的深水风能公司（Deepwater Wind）有5台涡轮的风电场位于罗得岛州布洛克岛（Block Island），将为17,000户家庭提供电力。还有更多的风电厂即将建成。

发展趋势

美国海洋能源管理局（U.S. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management）局长阿比盖尔·罗斯·霍帕（Abigail Ross Hopper）说：“州政府和联邦政府的政策以及科技的发展都恰逢其时。” 她补充说，气候变化激起了人们对海上风电的兴趣，并表示期望在大约三到五年里看到更多的风力发电场得到兴建。

已有七个州选定了适宜的地块——通常是周边缺乏建立电厂所需的土地的人口中心，海洋能源管理局已经颁发11项出租大西洋上的地块的商业租约。开发商已经要求租赁在太平洋沿岸的加利福尼亚州和夏威夷州的有关地块。今年还计划出售靠纽约海岸的用于商业风能的81,000英亩地块的租约。

多个州都有雄心勃勃的包括海上风力发电在内的清洁能源目标。加州希望到2030年有50%的能源来自可再生能源，而佛蒙特州（Vermont）到明年力争达到55％，夏威夷州则决心到2045年达到100％使用可再生能源的目标。马萨诸塞州（Massachusetts）和纽约州（New York）也正在提高可再生能源的使用量。

据深水风能公司介绍，布洛克岛的项目将按计划在2016年秋季启动。 GE可再生能源公司（GE Renewable Energy）和丹麦的弗雷德奥尔森风能公司（Fred Olsen Windcarrier）是深水风能公司的合作伙伴，他们派遣了数十名专家和技术工人来帮助完成这项工作。

Offshore wind farm is a U.S. first

When the first U.S. offshore wind farm opens off the coast of Rhode Island this fall, it will be the first of many, in a trend that will eventually provide green energy to growing numbers of Americans.

Deepwater Wind‘s $300 million five-turbine wind farm off Block Island, Rhode Island, will power about 17,000 homes. More wind farms are on the way.

A growing trend

“State and federal policy, and the technology, are all coming together at the same time,” says Abigail Ross Hopper, director of the U.S. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management. Climate change has sparked interest in offshore wind, she adds, noting she expects to see more wind farms under construction in about three to five years.

Suitable areas — frequently near population centers that lack the space to build on land —have been identified off seven states, and the bureau has awarded 11 commercial leases for sites in the Atlantic Ocean. Developers have requested leases in the Pacific for areas off California and Hawaii. And a lease sale is planned for 81,000 acres off New York for commercial wind energy this year.

Several states have ambitious clean-energy goals that include offshore wind. California wants to generate 50 percent of its power from renewable sources by 2030. Vermont aims for 55 percent by next year and Hawaii has called for 100 percent renewable power by 2045. Massachusetts and New York also are ramping up their reliance on renewable energy sources.

According to Deepwater Wind, the Block Island project is on track for a fall 2016 launch. GE Renewable Energy and Denmark’s Fred. Olsen Windcarrier are partners with Deepwater Wind on the project, contributing dozens of experts and skilled workers to complete the job.

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