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陕西皮影戏简介
Brief  Introduction  of Shaanxi  Shadow Play
皮影戏又名“灯影子”，是我国民间一种古老而奇特的戏曲艺术，在关中地区很为流行。陕西皮影戏起源于汉代以前，而鼎盛期为唐代，皮影造型优美，表演技术娴熟，演出简便，表演领域广阔，演技细腻。
皮影的制作十分精细，影子的材料选料讲究，用上好的驴皮或牛皮在水中泡软后，经过泡制，使其光滑透明，然后精心雕刻，涂上艳丽的色彩。人物、动物等均刻成侧影，干透后刷上桐油。四肢、头部可动，用细长树枝牵制表演。演出时，用一块白纱布作屏幕（屏幕大小根据场地而定，基本像小电影的银幕），操作皮影者站在屏幕下，把皮影贴到屏幕上，灯光从背后打出，观众坐在相对灯光方向观看。皮影戏以秦腔为主，演唱者和操纵者配合默契。表演技术娴熟的，称其为“把式”，一手拿两个甚至三个皮影，厮杀、对打、套路不乱，令人眼花缭乱.
    Shadow Play is a king of old-style and peculiar traditional folk opera,which is very popular in the central Shaanxi plain.It cane into being before the Han Dynasty,and went into the period of great prosperity in the Tang Dynasty,With beautifully-shaped figures and sceneries,as well as mature and exquisite acting techniques,shadow play is appropriate and convenient for artistic performance in many fields.
All of its figures and sceneries are made of fine and selected super-quality donkey hide or cowhide,which would be first dunked in water Having turned to be smooth and transparent,they woud be carefully shaped and colored,Every image would be carved as the profile of the original,and covered with Chinese wood oil after thoroughly dried out.Limbs and head of the figure are movatbe and controlled by thin bars in perfornance.A piece of white gauze is used as the screen (the size of which would be deternined accoring to the size of performance site ,similar to that of the mini film basically).The controllers of the shadow images would stand under the screen and keep the images close to the screen.Light come from the backside of the controllers and the audience watch the play on the opposite side of the lanplight.Most of the shadow plays are expressed in Shaanxi Opera,and the singers and the image contrillers play in perfect unison.Skillful players are also called  as "Ba-shi",who can use one hand to control two or even three shadow images showing rierce and methodical tussle and fight.