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当前常用政治术语的英文翻译

(2009-02-06 14:46:03)
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中国政治术语

杂谈

                                                                           2009-2-06 15:00

马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、江泽民“三个代表”重要思想

Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin “Three Represent‘s” important Thought

新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution

民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people

经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure

社会主义制度socialist system

社会变革social transformation

建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation

党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory, line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism

改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside

中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China

马克思主义政党Marxist political Party

党的第一(第二、第三)代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first (second hird)generation

人民民主专政the people’s democratic dictatorship

国民经济体系national economic system

综合国力aggregate national strength

国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP)

独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace

马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China

加强和改进党的建设,不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力,永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality

“三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求,代表中国先进文化的前进方向,代表中国最广大人民的根本利益,是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源,是我们党始终站在时代前列,保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。

“Three Represent‘s” shows that our Party must always represent the requirements of the development of China’s advanced productive forces, the orientation of the development of China‘s advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China, they are the foundation for building the Party, the cornerstone for its exercise of state power and a source of its strengthen,only by doing so can we really ensure that our Party always stand in the forefront of the time and maintain its advanced nature/

党的理论、路线、纲领、方针、政策Party’s theory, line, program, principles and policies

工人阶级的先锋队 the vanguard of the working class

生产力、生产关系、经济基础、上层建筑 productive force, relation of production, economic base, superstructure constitute

科学技术是第一生产力science and technology are the primary productive force

社会主义物质文明和精神文明material and spiritual civilizations of socialism

有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的公民citizens with lofty ideals, moral integrity, better education and good sense of discipline

自立意识、竞争意识、效率意识、民主法制意识和开拓创新意识self-reliance, competition, efficiency, democracy, the legal system, and the pioneering and innovative spirit

依法治国和以德治国 the rule of law and the rule of virtue

科教兴国战略the strategy of invigorating the country through science and education

倡导爱国主义、集体主义、社会主义思想,反对和抵制拜金主义、享乐主义、极端个人主义等腐朽思想advocate patriotism, collectivism and socialism, combat and resist money worship, hedonism, ultra-egoism decadent ideas

先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐be concern about the country and the people before anything else全心全意为人民服务、立党为公、执政为民serve the people heart and soul, work for the public and assumes power for the people

解放思想、实事求是emancipating the mind, seeking truth from the facts

主观主义、形而上学subjectivism, metaphysics

民主集中制、党内民主democratic centralism, inner-Party democracy集体领导、民主集中、个别酝酿、会议决定collective leadership, democratic centralism, case-specific consultation, decision through meeting

政治路线确定之后,干部就是决定因素cardres are a decisive factor, once a political line is decided

党管干部的原则the principle of the Party assuming the responsibility for cardres‘ affairs

公开、平等、竞争、择优open, fair, competition, basis of merits

公开选拔、竞争上岗the supervision of appointment and promotion of officials, and the method for official performance assessment

自重、自省、自警、自励self-discipline, self-examination, self-caution and self-motivation

以权谋私、贪赃枉法、腐败分子to abuse power for personal gains, take bribes or bend the law, corrupt elements

小康社会、小康生活well-to-do society, well-to-do life

四项基本原则Four Cardinal Principles

社会主义初级阶段the primary stage of socialism

“政治合格、军事过硬、作风优良、纪律严明、保障有力”

“gualified politically and competent militarily and that have a fine style of work, strict discipline and adequate logistic support”

“台独”taiwan’s “independence”

和平与发展peace and development

冷战cold war

世界多极化、经济全球化world multi-polarization and economic globalization

联合国宪章UN Charter

独立自主、完全平等、相互尊重、互不干涉内部事务

independence, completely equality, mutual respect and non-interference in each other‘s internal affairs Cooperation

世贸中心World Trade Center

恐怖主义terrorism

开放攻坚,改革跟进,稳定保障,加快发展open and storm fortification, reform and follow-up, stable and secure, speed up development/

工作策略the working tactics/

以企业为中心的工业化核心战略the strategy at the core of industrialization around enterprises(take the enterprises as the center)

  国际商务英语常用词汇

同质市场homogeneous market

异质市场heterogeneous market

国际市场细分international market segmentation

宏观细分macro segmentation

微观细分micro segmentation

可衡量性measurability

可接近性accessibility

足量性substantiality

可实施性actionability

目标营销target marketing

无差异营销策略undifferentiated marketing strategy

差异营销策略differentiated marketing strategy

集中性营销策略concentrated marketing strategy

市场调研market research

营销调研marketing research

营销信息系统marketing information system

粮食与农业组织Food and Agriculture Organization FAO)

经济合作与发展组织(Organization for Economic Coorporation & Development OECD)

联合国贸易和发展会议United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNCTAD)

联合国经济委员会United Nations Economic Commissions UNEC)

国际货币基金International Monetaty Fund IMF

公司发起人promoter

上市公司public company

组织大纲memorandum of association, article of incorporation

招股书prospectus

公司登记证书certificate of incorporation

股份与股票share and stock

记名股与无记名股registered stock, stock to bearer

普通股common stock

优先股preferred stock

回收股treasury stock

公司债与公司债券debentures and bonds

信用credit

股东大会general meeting

股东特别大会special meeting

法定人数quorum

委托书proxy

受托人与代理人trustee and agent

委托人principal

红利interest

公积金funds

解散与清算dissolution and liquidation

清算人liquidator

解散程序(结业)winding up

公司的合并merger, amalgamation

流通证券negotiable instrument

流通转让negotiation

债权让与assignment

汇票法bills of exchang

出票人、手款人、付款人drawer, payee, drawee

提示、承兑、付款、拒付、追述权presetment, acceptance, payment, dishonour, recourse

汇票的背书endorsement

背书人endorsee

记名背书、空白背书special endorsement, black endorsement

限制转让的背书restrictive endorsement

限制背书人责任的背书qualified endorsement

附有条件的背书conditional endorsement

本票promissory note

支票撤回countermand

责任法Product Liability Law

疏忽说、违反担保说、严格责任说theory of negligence, breach of warranty, strict liability

无过失责任strict liability in tort

担保的排除或限制disclaimer or limitation of warranties

自担风险assumption of the risks

非正常使用或误用、滥用产品unnormar of misuse or abuse of the product

擅自改动产品subsequent alteration

自主性交易、事前交易、调节性交易、事后交易、弥补性交易autonomous transaction, ex-anto transaction, accommodating transaction, ex-post transaction, compensation transaction

周期性不平衡cyclical disequilibrium

结构性不平衡structural disequilibrium

货币性不平衡monetary disequilibrium

持久性不平衡secuiar disequilibrium

利息平衡税interest equalization tax

货币政策monetary policy

贴现政策discount policy

准备金比率rate of reserve requirement

外汇政策foreign exchange policy

外汇平准基金foreign exchange equilibrium fund

外汇储备foreign exchange reserve

直接管制direct control

债务危机debt crisis

弹性分析理论the theory of easticities approach

吸收分析理论the theory of absorption approach

货币分析理论the theory of monetary approach

外汇风险foreign exchange exposure

交易风险transaction exposure

会计风险accounting exposure

经济风险economic exposure

综合货币单位composite currency

国际资金市场international capital market

货币市场monery market

资本市场capital market

欧洲货币市场Euro-Currency Market

欧洲美元市场Euro-Dollar Market

离岸金融中心offshore center

功能中心functional center

国际银行设施International Banking Facilities

基金中心funding center

管理费、代理费、杂费、承担费management fees, agent fees, out of pocket expenses, commitment fees利息期interest period

信贷风险coverage of credit risks

商业参考利率commercial interest reference rate

形式发票froforma invoice

保函guarantee letter

本票promissory notes

国际货币基金组织International Monetary Fund——IMF

世界银行International Bank for Reconstraction and Development——IBRD

缔约方constructing parties

世界贸易组织、关贸总协定World Trade Organization The General Agreement of Tariff and Trade

亚太经合组织Asia Pacific Economic

部长会议The Ministerial Conference

总理事会The General Council

理事会、货物贸易理事会、服务贸易理事会、知识产权理事会Council, Goods Council, Service Council, TRIPs Council

秘书处The Secretariat

总干事Director-general

  常用法学词汇的英文翻译

  案件、案卷、案例法、案情case, archives, case law, details of a case

暗杀assassinate

罢免权right of recall

白皮书white book(white paper)

颁布法律权power to promulgate

办案、办案人员deal with a legal case, people handling a case

帮教对象target of help and education

绑匪、绑架勒索罪kidnapper, crime of kidnapper for ranson

包办婚姻arranged marriage

包庇罪crime of harboring criminals

 

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