FUsike88的博客

一、Language points

1. lean against/on/upon+n.
    lean n.+against/on/upon+n.
    lean back后仰
    lean forward俯身向前
    lean to the left向左侧身
    lean to/toward…：倾向…，向…倾斜

2. match +n. +to/with +n.：使…（和…）调和，相配
    match +n. +against/with +n.：使…（和…）交手，使…比赛

3. be sure of/about +n./pron.：对…有把握，确信…
     be sure that-clause：确信
     be sure wh-clause：能确定…，知道…
sb be sure to do：一定会…的，必定…
sb be certain to do
It is certain that-clause
make sure+ that-clause
make sure+ of sth/doing sth：确信，对…有把握
make sure+ to do sth：一定要做…

4. expect+ sb/sth：期待，预料
expect+ to do sth：期望做某事
expect+ n+ to do：期望…做…
expect+ to be done：期待…被…
expect+ that-clause
expect+ …+ than/as+ clause
expect+ …+ than/as+ (it is) expected
You arrived earlier than I had expected/expected.
                         
5. appear: 不能接as if, 强调外表给人某种印象，有时含有实际并非如此。
    seem：可跟as if, 暗示判断有一定的根据，这种判断往往接近事实。
    look：可接like/as if，强调视觉印象，后面跟形容词

6. engage sb to sb：使某人与某人订婚
get engaged to sb：与某人订婚(动作)
be engaged to sb：与某人订婚(状态)
be engaged in (doing) sth：忙于/从事某事

7. It is no good/use +doing sth
There is/seems no point in doing sth
There is no need to do sth

8. use up=run out of   用完
    give out=run out    耗尽

9. rather than：而不是
other than=except
or rather：更确切地说

10. get through：做完，办完，看完；通过；接通；度过；用完
     go through：经历(痛苦、困难)，翻阅，参观，查看
     look through：浏览
     see through：看穿，看透
     break through：突围
     put through：把电话接通，使成交，完成
     pull through：(使)恢复健康，(使)度过难关

11. be present at…：出席
present adj.：做后置定语：All the people present are students.
present sth to sb     向某人颁发…，把…赠送给…
present sb with sth
for the present：暂时
up to the present：直到现在
at present：目前
present n.：礼物

12. be known as/for/to/in
under debate
would like to do
feel like doing

13. to为介词
adapt to：适合
relate to：与…有关
get down to：开始做，着手
stick to：坚持
pay attention to：注意
look forward to：期望
addict oneself to：使自己沉溺于…
be addicted to：沉溺于…
devote…to…：致力于

二、语法专题──名词性从句的解题思路
1. 通读全句，首先考虑是不是某种句型。
2. 题干若是疑问句，首先把它恢复为正常语序。
3. 观察设空的前前后后，确定相关从句的性质。
4. 确定从句性质后回忆相关从句的用法特点，从而作出取舍。
5. 注意标点符号和并列连词(and, but)的作用。
6. 将选项代入句子，看前后是否语意贯通。

三、题型归纳──完形填空的解题要决四
灵活掌握名词、动词在句子中的应用。①结合语境及名词、动词词义辨析选出最佳答案：词义辨析主要集中在实词，即名词、动词、形容词和副词。设题通常以同义词、反义词或易混词的形式出现。这就要求我们在做题时要根据上下文语境确定答案，将意义相反或相差较大的选项剔除掉，选择使句子结构完整、语法正确、语意符合逻辑的最佳答案。②夯实基础，牢记含有名词、动词的短语或固定搭配：对含义清晰的名词、动词短语或固定搭配，可以边读边猜测答案，遇到有能和空白前后构成固定搭配的选项，只要符合文意则可以不考虑其他选项，因此我们平时要注重短语或固定搭配的积累。

例1： “Only a miracle(奇迹) can save him now”, the little girl went to her bedroom and took out her piggy bank. She emptied all the change out on the floor and counted it carefully. Then she       her way six blocks to the local drugstore.
“And what do you want?” asked the chemist.
A. followed B. made C. felt D. found
[分析]考查动词词组辨析。语境为小女孩听到父母谈论她的弟弟病得很厉害，家里已没有剩下多少钱，只有奇迹能救他，于是她倒空自己的储钱罐。再结合下文问话“And what do you want? Asked the chemist.”可知她“去了”药店。Followed one’s way “跟着别人走”；made one’s way “朝…走去”；felt one’s way “摸索前进”；found one’s way “发现途径”，结合题意此处应选B。

例2：“Stop that man!” Vernon shouted. “He has a bomb!” Everywhere, passengers were____ their feet and screaming.
A. running over B. jumping over C. running to D. jumping to
[分析]考查结合语境选择动词短语的能力。上文提到，有人携带炸弹，听到这种情况人们的反应应为惊跳起来尖叫着。故选答案D。

例3：Why is setting goals important? Because goals can help you you, be, and experience everything you want in life. Instead of just letting life happen to you, goals allow yourself to____ your life happen.
A. leave B. cause C. make D. get
[分析]考查动词短语习惯搭配。make sb do sth “让某人做某事”，其余各项不符合表达习惯，不可用省略to的不定式作宾补。

例4：I began to feel self-conscious . A voice said to me “Why can’t you look like her?” “____ you’re so fat?” Although I wasn’t fat…

A. When B. Because C. If only D. How come
[分析]考查习惯搭配。How come…?意为“何以会…，为什么”。全文语境为：作者所处的班级的学生都比较有钱，尤其是在穿着方面更是挑剔，更注意自己的身材，唯恐发胖。因此作者考虑到别人的情况感到不自在，尽管自己不算胖。此处意为：“你为什么看起来不能像她那样？”“你为什么会这么胖呢？”

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一、Language points

1. be convenient to do
    be convenient to sb

2. to one’s taste：合某人的口味
show good taste in：对…有鉴赏力
have a/an…taste：有…的味道
taste good：吃起来很好
have a taste for/in：喜好…

3. rob sb/place of sth
    steal sth from sb
    steal sb sth

4. contribute…to…: 向…捐献(投稿)
contribute to…：促成，有助于
make a contribution to/towards：向…捐献

5. as follows：如下
    follow the example of：以…为榜样

6. remind sb of sth=remind sb about sth
remind sb that-clause
remind sb to do sth

7. A is to B what C is to D
stand out
start with
set aside：把…置于一旁，留出，拔出
be gone/missing/lost/left

8. impress…on…: 把…印在…上
impress sb (with sth)：使某人牢记(某事)
impress sth on sb：使某人铭记某事
be impressed by/at/with：被…所感动
be impressed on one’s mind/memory：被印在脑海里

9. recommand+sb/sth to sb：向某人推荐某人或某物
     recommand+sb for sth：推荐某人做(某工作)
     recommand+sth for…：推荐某物作(某用途)
     recommand+sb as…：推荐某人为…
     recommand+doing sth：
     recommand+sb to do sth 建议做某事
     recommand+that-clause (should)

10. remain +adj./n./doing/to do/介词短语：仍然是，保持某种状态
     It remains to be seen…：…还要看情况发展
     remaining：现在分词作前置定语：the remaining three dollars
                                   =the three dollars left
     stay +adj.：继续处于某种状态
     keep + adj. 继续处于某种状态
      keep + n. +adj/doing

11. lead to…：导致
lead…to…：把…带向…

12. differ from/with sb on/about/upon sth：跟某人在…上意见不同
make a difference：起作用，发生影响
make some/no difference：有（没有）关系或影响

二、语法专题──状语从句的考点
高考对状语从句的考查主要体现在成分的省略，时态的替代，语序的倒装以及连词的辨析四在方面。

1. 成分的省略
①在时间、地点、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，如果主语是it或与主句的主语一致，且谓语动词含有be时，可把从句的主语和be一起省略。
Don’t speak until (you are) spoken to.
Do come to see me whenever (it is) possible.
②在比较状语从句中，可省略与主句相同的部分。
I know you more than he (knows you).
Tom is two years older than Alice (is).
③as(尽管)引导让步状语从句，表语前的冠词要省略。
Hero as he is, he has shortcomings.
④其他省略。
Please drop in any time you like.
Is it going to rain? If so, I’ll stay at home; but if not, we will go out.

2. 时态的替代
①在时间、条件和让步状语从句中须用一般现在时替代一般将来时，用一般过去时替代过去将来时。
If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go fishing.
Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.
②The more…the more…句型中，前句起“条件状语从句”作用，故用现在时表将来。
The harder you work, the greater progress you’ll make.
③after, before, as soon as等连词本身就暗示了时间的先后，因此可用一般过去时代替过去完成时，而不会产生时间上的混乱。
I went to bed after I (had) finished my homework.
The film star (had) left before the reporter arrived.
He got down to work as soon as he (had) go to the factory.

3. 语序的倒装
①no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely/barely…when…句型中的主句常用过去完成时，从句常用一般过去时，且置于句首时主句要倒装。
No sooner had he got home than it began to rain.
②so/such…that…, not until…置于句首时主句要倒装。
So angry did she feel that she couldn’t speak.
Not until he told me the truth did I realize what had happened.

4. 连词的辨析。根据上下文的语意推断属于哪种状语从句，然后选择连词。

三、题型归纳——完形填空的解题要决五
把握文章脉络，识别句式特点。①把握文章脉络，偏重观点、态度，慎边读边做。我们在通通览全文的基础上，要从整体上把握文脉，找出完形填空短文的主题大意，作者的观点、态度，文章展开的线索等信息。②学好语法知识，积累句型句式。尽管高考淡化语法，注重情景，但是扎实的语法功底，良好的语感对于完形填空题是大有帮助的。

例1：It was pouring outside. We all stood there____, some patiently, others annoyed because nature messed up their hurried day. I got lost in the sound and sight of the…
A. chatting   B. waiting   C. complaining D. talking
[分析]细读全文可知，语境为外面下着倾盆大雨，我们站在那里在等雨停下来，不是在干其他事情。

例2： “Tonight was supposed to be____---- to celebrate six months. You do remember we’re engaged, don’t you?”
A. normal   B. sleepless C. special   D. sad
[分析]本篇文章谈论一对情侣的经历，该题易误选B，认为会激动得睡不着，但是结合语境可知，要庆祝订婚六个月，所以今晚应具有特殊意义。

例3：The story____ to be this: George bought a lottery ticket(彩票) a few days ago and won a prize of $500,000.
A. turned up B. turned out C. turned down D. turned off
[分析]考查常见句式。句意：故事证明是这样的：乔治几天前买了彩票获奖50万美元。turn out to be “结果是，证明是”，表示结果出乎意料之外，四个选项中只有turn out可接to be。

例4：Ellsworth, a patient who had suffered several failures in business, did not show much interest in painting at first. But____ the weeks went by, Swain’s visits grew more frequently .
A. as   B. with   C. since   D. had to
[分析]分析语境可知，此处意为“随着时间一周一周过去”。此处不可填with，因为with后不接句子。As time went by “随着时间推移”，为我们所熟知的句式。

For some time I’ve had a church member provide me with a rose to pin on my suit every Sunday. __1__ I always got a flower on Sunday morning, I really did not__2__ much of it. It was a nice gesture that became__3__. One Sunday, however, what I considered__4__ became very special.
As I was leaving the Sunday service, a little boy__5__ and said, “Sir, what are you going to do with your flower?” “Do you__6__ this?” I said, pointing to the rose pinned to my coat.
He said, “Yes sir. I would like it if you are__7__ going to throw it away.” The little boy said, “Sir, I’m going to give it to my granny. My mother and father got_8__ last year. I was living with my mother, but I could not__9__, so she sent me to live with my grandmother. She has been so good to me that I want to give that pretty flower to her for__10__ me.”
When the little boy finished I could hardly__11__. My eyes filled with tears and I knew I had been touched in the__12__ of my soul. I reached up and__13__ my flower. With the flower in my hand, I looked at the boy and said, “Son, that is the__14__ thing I have ever heard, but you can’t have this flower because it’s not__15__. If you’ll look in front of the platform, you’ll see a big__16__ of flowers. Different families buy them for the__17__ each week. Please take those flowers to your granny because she__18__ the very best.”
If I hadn’t been__19__ enough already, he made one last statement and I will always treasure it. He said, “What a__20__ day! I asked for one flower but got a beautiful bouquet.”
1. A. Because   B. Although C. If    D. Once
2. A. speak    B. think   C. remind   D. care
3. A. rule    B. practice   C. custom   D. routine
4. A. valuable   B. useless   C. ordinary   D. normal
5. A. approached B. stopped   C. interrupted D. followed
6. A. notice    B. see   C. like   D. mean
7. A. always   B. just   C. ever   D. already
8. A. divorced   B. lost   C. disturbed D. troubled
9. A. stand    B. understand C. stay   D. help
10. A. comforting B. adopting   C. supporting D. loving
11. A. move   B. speak   C. breathe   D. refuse
12. A. depths   B. back   C. bottom   D. corner
13. A. uncovered   B. unloaded C. unpinned D. unwrapped
14. A. sweetest   B. nicest   C. saddest   D. strangest
15. A. real    B. fresh   C. expensive D. enough
16. A. pile    B. bouquest C. collection D. chain
17. A. relatives   B. old   C. poor   D. church
18. A. deserves   B. proves   C. sounds   D. matches
19. A. challenged   B. surprised C. touched   D. taught
20. A. sunny   B. special   C. lucky   D. wonderful

1-5 ABDCA 6-10 DBACD 11-15 BACBD 16-20 BDACD

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一、Language points

1. lack+ wisdom/money
    be lacking in+courage
    lack for nothing
    for lack of：因缺乏…
    have no lack of：不缺乏…
    a/the lack of：…的缺乏

2. persuade sb to do=persuade sb into doing sth
   persuade sb not to do=persuade sb out of doing
   sb to do=urge sb into doing：强烈要求某人干某事
   urge sth on sb：对某人强调某事
   that-clause+(should) do：强烈要求…

3. on the contrary
    be contrary to…
    on the other hand

4. in case+从句
in case of+短语
in this/that case
in any case

5. be content with：对…感到满足
=be satisfied/pleased with
be content to do…：满足于做…
content (n.)：内容，目录

6. at (the) sight of：一看见
at first sight：乍一见
catch/get/have (a) sight of：看见，发现
lose sight of：看不见
out of sight：在视线之外
in/within sight：在视线内

7. live through：活过，经历…而未死
live with：与…同住，接受并忍受某事
live on：以…为生
live by+doing：以…为生

8. knock about：到处漫游，(风浪)冲击(船只)
   knock into sb：撞上(某人)
   knock down：撞倒
   knock over：撞翻
   knock…off…：把…从…上撞下来

9. what’s up?
   =wha’s the matter?
   =what’s wrong?
   =what’s happening?

10. witness n.：目击者，证人，证据
                   vt.：目击，证明，为…作证
      tip n.：小费，尖，尖端
           vt.：使倾斜，倾倒，给…小费

11. at hand：在近处，在手边，即将到来
     near/close at hand：近在手边
     on hand：手头上
     in hand：在手中，在掌握中
     by hand：用手工
     at second hand：间接地，二手地
     hand in hand：手拉手，关系密切地

12. in harmony with：与…协调/和谐
     leave out：省去，遗漏
     leave…alone：不理会…
     be worn out：筋疲力尽