面朝大海，春暖花开

A
1.        ask　问，请求
短语: ask sb to do sth 要某人做某事   ask sb about sth询问有关某事     ask sb for sth　向某人要某事
2.        agree　同意　　反义词：disagree
短语：agree to do sth同意做某事         agree with sb同意某人
1. I agree ______________(leave) early.
3.        arrive　到达
短语: arrive at(in) == reach ==get to
arrive   reach   get to
1.The foreigners_________in Shanghai yesterday.   2.We _________ to the park at nine this morning.
3.Can you__________ the apple on the tall tree?
4.        add　加，加添
5.        allow　允许，承认
短语: allow sb to do  允许某人做某事      allow sth/doing sth　允许某事
1．        We are not __________(allow)smoke .
2．        In public, we don't allow_________(smoke).
6.        annoy　使恼怒，使生气       annoyed (adj.)    短语: get annoyed (at sth)
7.        argue　争论，争吵-------argument (n.)
短语: argue with sb和某人争论      argue about sth 争论某事
8.        achieve　完成，实现   
短语: achieve one’s dream= make one’s dream come true
9.        afford　买得起，负担得起
短语: afford sth   afford to do sth
同义句改写：
In ten years, I can afford a big house = In ten years, I can _______ ______ _______ a big house.
10.        aim　瞄准，打算
短语: aim at sth/sb瞄准某人
翻译：一些广告主要瞄准年青人。Some ___________ mainly _______ _______ teenagers.
11.        announce　宣布，通告------ announcement (n.)
12.        appreciate　感激，欣赏
短语:sth be appreciated  被感动     appreciate with sb/sth
翻译：非常感谢你的捐赠。    Your donation _______ greatly__________.
13.        attempt 试图，企图
短语:attempt to do sth
翻译：他企图逃走，但失败了。   He ________ ________ run away,but failed.
B
1.        believe　相信--- believable (adj.)
注：believe与believe in 的区别
believe 相信（指相信某人的话，与该人的人品无关）
believe in信任（指信仰，信奉真理，宗教，原则等）
1. I can’t_________ her, because she always tells lies.     A. believe     B. believe in  
2.The western people ______ God.                    A. believe     B. believe in
2.        bring(brought, brought)　拿来，取来
反义词：take 拿走      用法：bring sb sth= bring sth to sb
Strong wind always ________ rain.                  A. brings      B. takes      
3.        buy(bought, bought)　购买     用法：buy sth for sb=buy sb sth
4.        babysit(babysat-babysat, babysitting)　临时受雇照顾（婴儿）
5.        become(became, become)　变成，成为
用法：谈到人或物的状态，外貌的变化时，常用become, turn, get, 加adj.
Eg. He becomes fatter than before      He got angry
6.        borrow　借入，借用           短语：borrow sth from sb.=borrow sb sth
反义词：lend (lent, lent)借出　  lend sth to sb=lend sb sth
辨析：borrow是瞬间动词，不用于一段时间状语连用
Eg. May I borrow the book for two weeks? ( ╳ )      May I keep the book for two weeks?(√)
常见的瞬间动词变延续性动词的有：
come—be here                 go—be away                  open—be open           close—be closed                  begin—be on
buy—have                  borrow—keep                  die—be dead          join—be a member of,   
练习：
1.How many days can I _______(borrow) the books?  2.This store ________ (open) for ten years.
3.When did his daughter _______? She ___________ for a year.(die)
4.I _________(buy) this computer for many years.     5.Look, the shop is _______(close)
7.        build（built, built）构筑，建造------- building (n.)建筑物
8.        begin(began- begun, )开始   注：进行时beginning      近义词：start
用法：begin/start todo, begin/start doing (一般来说，物做主语时，只能用不定式to 的形式，人做主语时，两者都可以。)
Eg. The car began to run.     I began learning/ to learn english when I was five years old.
9.        bake　烤，烘       baker 烤面包师
10.        behave　表现    eg. They behave well.他们表现好。     behavior (n.)表现，行为
11.        bark　（狗等）吠声，叫声
12.        beat(beat, beaten)
(1)        敲打，（脉，心脏）跳动  He is alive, because his heart is beating.
(2)        打胜，打赢 (beat sb)　　　He beat me at chess.他下棋赢了我
辨析：beat&hit: beat 指连续的打，常指有意的行动，hit 指“打，击中”也可以表示“打一下”。
　　　beat& win : beat sb.  win a game.
练习：beat&win
1.We ______ the match easily.             2.He ________ by five points.
3.Kate ________ the first prize in the music competition
4.We ________ them in the race at last.      5.They _______ us 3-2 in the football match.

13.        be( am, are, is,was, were, being,been)是，成为
短语：be angry with           be famous for/as
        be intertested in         be good at= do well in
      be late for              be full of             be filled with
be careful              be sure of             be sure to do
be good for             be worried about       be different form
练习：
1.Will you __________(able) to draw a horse?2.At last he found that his car ______(be) over there.
3.His pocket ___________(full) sweets.     4.Don’t ____ late for school.
14.        belong　属于      短语：belong to sb
同义句改写：
These books must be Tom’s.    = _______________________________________
15.        blow( blew, blown) 吹，刮风，吹气
短语:　blow away刮走      blow out 吹灭
16.        boil煮沸，烧开          用法：boiling water 沸水
17.        born(bear的过去分词)　出生      短语:be born in
18.        bow　鞠躬，弯腰              用法：bow to sb
19.        bother　打扰，扰乱
20.        break(broke,broken)打破，打断
短语:break the rules 违反规定         break down, 坏掉            break off中断
eg. They broke off their conversation. 他们突然停止了谈话
break into破门而入       break out（战争，火灾等的）突然发生。（注：该词没有被动态）
eg. A fire broke out near here yesterday.　昨天此地附近发生了一场火灾
War was broke out in 1949. (╳)           War broke out in 1949. (√ )
have a break (n.) 休息
21.        burn　烧伤，烧坏
burned (adj.)烧伤的　　　eg. burned area 烧伤的区域

                             C
1.        call 打电话          短语：call sb up=call sb=telephone sb= give sb a call
2.        can(could)　能，可以
3.        come(came, come)来，来到
短语：come in进来　　        come true实现，到达
come along 跟着来      come out出版，发表    come up with提出，想出
4.        contact　联系     短语：contact with sb和某人联系
5.        change(v.) (n.)变，改变.    (n.)零头
短语：change sth into sth
Eg.  Put water in the refrigerator, it will change into ince. (v.)
Great changes have happened in our hometown. (n.)
     He has changed a lot.   (v.)
6.        cook　(v.)烹调，烹煮 (n.)厨师
cooker　(n.)厨具     短语：do some cooking
练习：Would you please clean the _______for the_______(cook)?
7.        cry(cried, cried)　喊，哭
8.        check 核对，检查
9.        cut (cut, cut )切
短语：cut up切碎    cut in line插队   cut sth into pieces 把…切成片
10.        choose(chose, chosen)选择       choice (n.)
用法：choose sth ,选择某事    choose to do选择做某事
11.        climb攀登，爬
12.        close　(v.)关闭   closed (adj.)关闭的
练习：Today is weekend, schools are______(close).
13.        collect收集，搜集       collector收集者
14.        compare　比较          短语：compare sth with/to sth
15.        complain抱怨，控诉      短语：complain about sth
16.        copy(copyied, copied)复制，抄袭
17.        cost(cost, cost)价值，花（多少钱）
注：cost& spend& take& pay
sth cost sb some money (to do sth)
sth spend sb some time/some money on sth/ (in)doing
It takes sb some time to do sth
Sb pay (some money) for sth
练习：1.The dictionary is expensive. It _____ me about 100 yuan.  A. took  B. spent   C. cost   D. paid
2. ---how much did you _____ the new sports shoes?     --- about 300yuan.
A. take     B. spend in     C. cost   D. pay for
18.        cough咳嗽
19.        criticize 批评
20.        cross穿过，横过
注：cross (v.)& across (prep.)          cf. through
eg. He is crossing the bridge.= He is walking across the bridge.
练习：The man is brave. he swam ______ the river by himself.
A. cross     B. across   C. through
21.        care关心，忧虑      care about担心，关心　　care for关怀，照顾   be careful with sth/sb 当心
22.        carry(carried, carried) 搬运，携带
23.        catch(caught, caught)捕获，赶上      短语：catch a cold         catch up with
24.        cause造成，使发生
25.        chase追逐        chase after sb/run after sb
26.        chat　(chatted. chatted)聊天，闲聊     短语：chat with/ to sb
27.        cheer up 使…振奋，使…高兴
28.        chew嚼，咀嚼　　　　chew gums 嚼口香糖
29.        chop(chopped, chopped)砍
30.        clean(v.) (adj.)清洁，使干净
短语：clean out清除，打扫干净
clean up（v.）打扫干净,梳理整齐       clean-up n.
练习：You must keep your clothes______.A. clean B. to clean C. cleaned  D. cleaning
31.        coach 训练，指导
32.        combine结合，联合         combine A with B
33.        concentrate 集中，聚集     concentrate on全神贯注，专心于
34.        confuse混淆，使困惑
35.        consider考虑，思考，认为     
用法：(1) consider sth/ doing sth      eg. I have consider the problem./ lending 1,000 yuan to him..
(2)consider+疑问词+不定式         eg. I have considered how to work out the problem.
36.        continue使继续，连续          短语：continue to do,   continue with sth
37.        convince使确信，使信服      convinced (adj.)
38.        count计，值                 eg. it counts 50% to the final exam.它占期末考试的50%
39.        cover覆盖，遮掩             短语: cover sth with sth        be covered with/by
练习：1. Please_______ the food______ a cloth.    2.The ground is ______________snow.
40.        create(v.)创造，创作，创建        creative(adj.)有创造性的
41.        crowd挤满，充满                短语：be crowded with

D
1.        dance跳舞，舞蹈
2.        dislike 不喜欢         用法：dislike to do/doing
3.        die(died-died,  dying) 死（强调一时的动作，一般由生病，负伤的原因死亡。　突然的死亡，需要外界原因，宜说be killed.）
eg. He died two years ago.
He was killed in a traffic accident. 他死于一次车祸。此句不宜说：He died in a traffic accident.
die的不同词形变换：death(n.)  dead(adj.)  
             die,  death,   dead
练习：1. Our great leader’s________made us sad.
2---look! There’s something under the bed.          ---That’s a _____ dog.when____ it _____?
3. ----How long ______ your grandpa________ ?      ---About five years.
4.        do(did -done) 做，干         
短语：do homework          do some reading　       do chores  
do the dishes          do the laundry　       do better in
5.        draw(drew-drawn)画
6.        donate 捐赠  donation(n.)
7.        discuss讨论   discussion(n.)
8.        decide 决定，选定   decision(n.)--- make a decision
用法：decide to do/ decide on sth;  
        decide+wh--+to do   eg. I can’t decide where to go.
        decide+从句        eg. = I can’t decide where we should go.
9.        depend依赖，依靠          depend on
eg. Going picnic or not depends on the weather.
10.        disagree 不同意，持不同意见
反义词：agree   用法见agree
11.        destroy (destroyed,destroyed)破坏，毁坏
12.        discover发觉，发现    discovery(n.)
13.        dress (n.) 衣服，连衣裙　eg. evening dress晚礼服
(v.)穿衣  用法：(1)dress up盛装，打扮，装饰   
(2) dress sb    eg. Could you dress the child for me?
　　　 (3) be dressed in+颜色、衣服   She is dressed in white today.
14.        drive(drove, driven) (v.)开车     drive(n.)  eg. two hours’ drive=two-hour drive.
15.        drop(dropped,dropped)扔，落下，掉下          短语：drop by=drop in顺便访问
16.        deal(delt, delt)处理，料理    deal with=do with
17.        describe 描述，描绘
18.        design设计，构思     designer设计师
19.        develop发展，完善，壮大    development(n.)
developing country发展中国家　　　developed country发达国家
练习：1. China is a _________ country,while America is a ________(develop)country.
20.        discard放弃，丢弃　　　　
discarded(adj.) 放弃的   eg. These are old and discarded clothes. 这些是旧的废弃的衣服。
21.        divide分开，划分　　　divide sth into …
22.        display（v.）展览，陈列      be on display(n.)=be on show
23. dream         dream of __________       dream about ____________
E
1.        eat(ate, eaten)吃      eat up吃光
2.        enjoy喜欢，乐于，享受　　　　用法：enjoy doing
短语：enjoy oneself=have a good time=have fun
3.        excuse 原谅，宽恕             短语：excuse me
4.        enter加入，参加，进入           eg. enter the meeting参加会议
5.        encourage鼓励　　　encourage sb to do sth
6.        end 结束　　　　     短语：end up(doing sth)
end (n.) 终点，结束    短语：in the end 最后，终于　at the end of…在末端
      In the end     at the end of
1.There is a biggest tree ________________ the road.
2.The policeman looked for the missing child for a month, _______, they found him the countryside.
7.        explain解释，说明      
8.        exchange studtents交换生
9.        educate教育，教导，培训   education(n.)    educational(adj.)
10.        escape逃跑                  短语：escape from…
11.        establish建立，建造，设立    establish= set up
12.        expect预计，预料
用法：expect sb to do sth期望某人做某事   eg. I expect him to get the prize.
　　　   expect to do/ expect sth    eg. I expect to be successful/ I expect his coming.
13.        experience(v.)经历，体验     eg. he has experienced a lot of difficulties.
              (n.) 经验          eg. he has a lot of experience of teaching.
14.        experiment(v.)(n.)试验，实验
15.        express表达     expression_r(n.)
16. exercise v. 练习, 锻炼
F
1.        fill填满　　　　　　　
短语：fill out=fill in填充，填出　　　fill… with…用…装满
2.        find(found, found)寻找，查找     find out查明，了解
find & look for
1. I am__________ my glasses, but I can’t_________ them.



3.        finish完成，结果      　　　用法：finish sth/doing sth
4.        fight(fought, fought)打架，打仗
5.        feel(felt, felt)感觉
分析：感观动词;look, feel, sound, taste, smell后面多接形容词，做表语。用主动态。
练习：It_______(feel) like an orange.           That sounds__________(well)
   短语：feel like doing=would like to do=want to do喜欢做某事，想要做某事
　　　　Sb feel it+adj.+to do　　　　she feels it important to study hard.
        Sb feel (that) it is +adj.+to do     she feels it is important to study hard.
翻译：他觉得有必要去参加她的生日晚会。
He felt______ necessary _______ _______to her birthday party.
He felt______ ______ nescessary ______ ______to her birthday party.
6.        feed(fed, fed)喂养，饲养
用法：feed sth on sth用…喂…　　　feed on sth 以…为食
7.        fold折叠，折起来
8.        forbid(forbad, forbidden)禁止，不许     Forbidden City紫禁城
9.        forget(forgot,forgotten)忘记，忘却         用法：forget to do/ forget doing
区别：forget& leave:  有地点时用leave,不用forget
练习：　      leave& forget
1.I ________my homework at home yesterday.2.I _______ my key. I can’t come into the house.
10.        fail失败
11.        fall(fell, fallen)落下，跌落         
短语： fall asleep 入睡       fall into陷入　　　fall in love with sb爱上
12.        fear害怕，担心
13.        fit适合，适应
14.        fly（flew, flown）飞行    flight(n.)飞行，飞行物　
15.        follow跟随，追随　　　　following(adj.)下列的，下述的
eg. She talks too quickly, I can’t follow her.她说得太快，我跟不上她。
16.        fetch取来，接来
17.        fix修理      fix up修补，修理
18.        flee(fled, fled)逃走，溜走
19.        fool愚弄，欺骗
20.        form构成，组成           eg. Our class is formed by 50 students.
21.        frustrate使失望，使沮丧    frustrated(adj.)/ frustrating(adj.)
22.        fry油煎
23. face 面对,正视
G
1.        get（got, got/gotten）--getting      (1)成为（2）买（3）到达
短语：get to到达　　　　get up起床  　　　     get back(to)＝return to回来   
get along(with) =get on (with)和…相处    　       get out（of）从…出去
get over 克服    　    get in the way 妨碍    　　get married 结婚
get on上车            get off下车
注：have/has got=got
用法：(1)get +adj.       eg. the work began to get more difficult.
(2)get sb to do sth请某人做某事
练习： Can you get someone _______(copy) this letter for me?
2.        go(went, gone)走，去
短语：go home         go to a movie       go to bed        go to school  
go by           go for walks        go to work        go out  
go shopping      go skating          go off            go to sleep
3.        give(gave, given)给            
短语：give away赠送　　   give out　        give up(sth/doing sth)放弃  
4.        guess猜测
5.        glue胶合，粘贴        用法：glue sth together把…粘在一起
6.        guide指导，带领
7.        grow(grew, grown)种植
短语：grow up长大　grow long hair留长发
eg. The farmer grows potatoes in this field.农民在这块地里种土豆。