english learning

words and expressions：

1.intention / C  U /. a plan or purpose意图，意向,打算，目的; 意义，用意
Good acts are better than good intention.
好的行动胜于好的意图。
If I have hurt your feelings, it was quite without intention.
intend   v.
intend to do sth./doing sth./that…  打算……
intend sb. to do sth.打算让某人做某事
be intended for sb./sth.=be designed for... 为……打算（设计）的
It’s intended that …企图、意图是……
【搭配】
by intention=on purpose 故意
have no intention of doing sth.无意做……
with the intention of 抱有……目的；打算
without intention无意中，不是故意地
eg. It’s intended that production will start at the end of this month.
   The book is intended for children.
2. mad  adj.
1) angry (esp. AmE.)
  We get mad at each other sometimes, like any family.
  There is no need to get mad about it.
  Look at this mess! Mum will go mad!
2) crazy
  You have agreed to marry him? Are you mad？ I would go mad if I lived with this guy. You really drive me mad.
3. put……together 把……结合成一整体；装配
  He took the machine to pieces and then put it together.
  I must put my ideas together before I go on the platform.
【拓展延伸】
  put an end to……完成；结束
  put aside  放在一边，搁置一边，不考虑
  put away 放好，把……收起来
put back（the clock/action)放回（原处）；阻碍，推迟，拨回钟表
put into practice 付诸实施，实行
put on（speed/pressure)  穿（戴）上;上演；增加
put one’s heart into
put up/put up with/put off/put on weight
put out 出版，发行；扑灭；伸出
  4. sort   n.   种类，类型 
  a kind or type of person or thing
  What sort of shampoo do you use?
  sort of (spoken) 有一点，有几分（kind of）
  I sort of like him, but I don't know why.
  vt.  1) 整理好……to put things in order in place according to their type
We should sort out our camping equipment before starting.
 2)拣出；挑选出  pick out
 I have sorted out the papers that can be thrown away.
 The teacher will sort out three as excellent model students from the class.
 3)处理好，解决(work out, solve)
 She went to a psychiatrist to try to sort out her problems.
  I'll be glad to get this misunderstanding sorted out.
【拓展延伸】
 a sort of  一种     of a sort  同一种类     all sorts of= of all sorts  各种各样的
sort out 整理好，挑出      sort out from…把……从……挑出来
5. call up
  call sb. up
 1) make a telephone call to sb.打电话给…
  Don't call me up between 12:30 and 2:30.
 2) to make sb. do the training in the army
  征召（服役）；征召入伍
  If war breaks out, we shall be called up at once.
 3)选入，征调（运动员为国参赛）
  Yao Ming was called up for the game against Italy.
call sth. up
 1) if you call up information on a computer, you make the computer show it to you. 调用，调出
  I call up his student ID number on the computer.
 2) to bring sth. back to your mind使想起…
  The smell of the sea called up memories of her childhood.
6.stand out
to be very easy to see or notice    突出，显眼
  Susan stands out as an art teacher.
2) to be much better than others     远远超过某人
  Three of the students we tested stood out from/among the rest.
词形变化 ：outstanding  adj.        杰出的，显著的
7. absence 
 1）/ u./ none existence or lack   不在，缺席
 Poverty and the absence of hope are real causes for anti-social behavior.
 2）/c/ the state or time of not being in a place of being away
一次缺席，不在的时间
The monitor will take my place during my absence.
【注意】
 lack“缺乏，不足”可以和不定冠词连用，
 构成: a lack of…(information)
【搭配】
in the absence of    缺乏……时；当……不在时    2)absence of mind心不在焉
3)be absent from school  ( absence from school)      逃学，缺课
8. light up
1 ) light something ↔ up   照亮；
  to give light to a place or to shine light on something:
▪ The flames lit up the sky.
2) to become bright with light or colour   使放光彩
▪ As the screen lit up, he typed in his password.
3) if someone's face or eyes light up, they show pleasure, excitement etc
  light up with
▪ Her face lit up with pleasure.
4) to light a cigarette: 点上（烟等）吸起来
▪ I watched Paul light up again.
【注意】
  a lighted candle ( T )    a lit candle ( F )
8. come into being  出现，形成；产生
A new rule will soon come into being.
一个新规则很快就要出台了。
【拓展延伸】
come into existence出现，形成，产生    come into sight/view看见，进入视野
come into force/effect生效，实施        come into power执政，上台
9. recommend   vt.
to praise sb. or sth. as being good for a particular purpose  推荐，介绍
    Can you recommend a good dictionary?
2) to advise or suggest sth. ; to advise a particular course of action 劝告，建议
   recommend doing/to do /that…
   We’d recommend you to book your flight early.
   He recommended reading the book before seeing the moving.
It’s strongly recommended that the machine should be checked every year.
【拓展延伸】
recommend sb.sth.=recommend sth. to sb. 向某人推荐/介绍
recommend sb. as  推荐某人为……
recommend doing…
recommend sb. to do sth.
recommend that+(should)+v…..
recommendable  adj.值得推荐的
recommendation  n. 推荐；介绍信
recommender  推荐者
10. contribute   v.
to join with others in giving money for a person or cause  捐献，贡献
Each worker contributed one dollar to the Red Cross.
to write sth. for a magazine or newspaper投稿
She contributes to several magazines.
   a contributed article
【搭配】
make a contribution to/towards 捐献；作出贡献
This invention made a contribution to the road safety.
Everyone should make a contribution to protecting the environment.
warming-up、listening and speaking
But whether buses or trains
whether…or… “无论（不管）……或者（还是）……”
引导让步状语从句，不能用if.
There wasn’t  a door she’d get through.
get through:  通过；完成；打通电话；向某人讲清楚
Do you think the Bill get through(Parliament)?
你认为那议案（议会）能通过吗?
He has to get through work before eight.
I tried to phone her but couldn’t get through.
I find her impossible to get through to.
Reading
…different times 不同的时代
times: a period in history 时期，时代
这个词单复数均可表示此义。
Mankind has used the horse since ancient times.
This film takes us back to the time of the American War of Independence.
2. More than any other form of literature, poetry plays with sounds, words and grammar.
Poetry plays with sounds, words and grammar, more than any other form of literature (does).
Canada is larger than any other country in America.
That movie was more interesting than any other I have seen recently.
She is taller than any other girl in her class.
any other在含有比较的句子当中，后面常跟上单数可数 名词，也可单独使用。
3. …, you will have seen and heard some of the features that all good poetry shares.
feature  n. 特征,特点;面貌的一部分;相貌
What are the geographical features of China?中国的地理特征是什么？
The best feature of the house is the beautiful balcony.
Her mouth is her worst feature.
pleasing feature     讨人喜欢的相貌
4. Once published, his work became…
Once (his work was) published, his work became…
此句中once+过分结构实际上是过去分词作状语结构的一种，其结构并不复杂，是从一个从句简化而来。如：   Once ( it is ) seen, it can never be forgotten.
Though (his homework was ) first finished, his homework was the worst.
不过，这样的从属连词数量有限，常用的有：
once , when , while , if, as if, though, although, unless等。
5. The style and atmosphere in their poems has often led to comparisons with …
atmosphere   n. 气氛；情绪；大气；大气层
The talk was conducted in a cordial atmosphere.
The atmosphere of the city is very much polluted.
6. Reading poetry in English also opens the door to finding new ways of expressing yourself in Chinese.
open the door to sth./ doing sth.  “为…创造条件” “向… 开门
Leaning English well opens the door to finding a good job in the future.
7. Greatly loved in China are English Romantic poets.
  倒装句，突出表语
Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people.”
Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements.