【Text】

Fishing is my favourite sport. I often fish for hours without catching anything. But this does not worry me. Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. I am even less lucky. I never catch anything -- not even old boots. After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. 'You must give up fishing!' my friends say. 'It's a waste of time.' But they don't realize one important thing. I'm not really interested in fishing. I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all!

 

参考译文

钓鱼是我特别喜爱的一项运动. 我经常一钓数小时却一无所获, 但我从不为此烦恼. 有些垂钓者就是不走运, 他们往往鱼钓不到, 却钓上来些旧靴子和垃圾. 我的运气甚至还不及他们. 我什么东西也未钓到过 -- 就连旧靴子也没有. 我总是在河上呆上整整一上午, 然后空着袋子回家. “你可别再钓鱼了!” 我的朋友们说, “这是浪费时间. “然而他们没有认识到重要的一点, 我并不是真的对钓鱼有兴趣, 我感兴趣的只是独坐孤舟, 无所事事!

 

【New words and expression_r_rs】

catch                   v. 抓到

fisherman            n. 钓鱼人，渔民

boot                    n.  靴子

waste                  n. 浪费

realize                 v. 意识到

 

【课文讲解】整理

1、Fishing is my favourite sport. 钓鱼是我特别喜爱的一项运动.

fishing是一个动名词，由动词+ing组成，动名词可以作主语或宾语，如eating，reading等等

Learning new words is very useful to me．
Writing headlines in English is not an easy job．

Using the right hand to shake hands is a convention in many countries.用右手握手是许多国家的一种习俗。

-What do you think made Mary so upset？
- Losing her new bicycle.（1997上海）

详细请看：http://www.xlbh.info/englishcorner/Article_Show.asp?ArticleID=1028

动名词与动词不定式作主语的区别

动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作，不定式多用来表示特指或具体动作。比较：
Smoking is not good for health. 抽烟对身体不好。（抽象）
It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体)

Lying is wrong.（泛指lying的做法或作风）

To lie is wrong.（对于说谎者是谁，说话人心中是有所指的）

2、I often fish for hours without catching anything. 我经常一钓数小时却一无所获。

 

★fish

① n. 鱼（不可数名词），鱼的种类（可数）

fish用作可数名词指“鱼的条数”时单数和复数形式相同（two fish两条鱼），指“鱼的种类”时复数形式才为fishes（two fishes两种鱼）；fish用作不可数名词时无复数形式，应作“鱼肉”解（Help yourself to some fish．随便吃些鱼。）

There are a lot of fishes(表示种类)in the sea.

We caught three little fishes. 我们捉到三条小鱼。

Never offer to teach fish to swim．不要班门弄斧。（原意为：决不要教鱼游泳。）

He who would catch fish must not mind getting wet．不入虎穴，焉得虎子。（原意为：捉鱼不要怕鞋湿。）

There‘s as good fish in the sea as ever came out of it．纵然失去一个机会，不愁没有其他机会。（原意为：海里的好鱼是取之不尽的。）

② v. 钓鱼, 捕鱼

The beach is a good place to fish from. 海滩是钓鱼的好地方。

go fishing去钓鱼

★for+时间     表示一段时间

for hours=for some hours    数小时

for＋一段时间，常用于完成时。

I have known him for ten years.

　　The dog has been dead for three days.

I have lived here for 10 years . 我已经在这里住了10年（可能还会继续住下去）

I’ve been away from the school for 3 years.

He had been ill for a week when he was sent to the hospital.他病了好几天后才去医院。
It rained at last after it had been dry for several months.连续干旱几个月后，终于下雨了。

without catching anything作为状语而出现, 表示结果状语。without是介词，后面一定要加宾语, 动名词catching作without的宾语，without 后面的动作是主语来做的。动名词也有动词的特性，可以有自己的宾语。

without通常表示“缺乏、没有”；当它位于动名词前时，表示“不曾、不”

  I can’t repair the car without your help.

  They tried to leave the restaurant without paying.

He went out without saying any words.

 

3、But this does not worry me. 但我从不为此烦恼.

★worry

① v. 烦恼，担扰

worry sb.  某人为……烦恼，担扰（作动词一定要加人作宾语, 翻译时从后往前翻，宾语担心）

The accident worried him.这意外事故使他不安。

These changes in him worried me.他身上这种变化使我感到忧虑。

Mary worried very much when she heard her mother was ill.当玛丽听到她母亲病重的时候，她感到很忧愁。

Don’t worry. We’ll find a way.别担心。我们会想出办法来的。

There is nothing to worry about.没有什么可担心的。

 

①worried  adj.焦虑的，烦恼的，担心的

He has a worried look.他有一副困恼样子。

②be worried用much or very修饰;   worry  用much or very much修饰

Mary’s mother worried about her health very much.玛丽的母亲非常担心她的健康。

She is much (very) worried.她非常担心。Be worried about=be anxious about 担心

(look,seem,feel,become, remain)表示所处的各种状态

She looks worried and ill.她显得忧愁有病的样子。

I was feeling much worried then.那时，我感到很忧愁。

搭配：

① worry about 担心；忧虑

② look / become / feel worried看起来／变得／感到焦

  虑／担心

③ have a worried look 露出焦虑的神情

④ not to worry 别担心；咱们不必发愁

⑤ have a lot of worries 遇到了很多麻烦

句型：

① sb worry that-clause 担心…

② what worries sb (most) is that-clause / to do sth / doing sth 最使某人担心的是……

③ It worried sb. that... 什么事让某人担心

④ sb worry about sb / sth / doing sth / wh-从句

⑤ sth / sh worry sb. 某人 / 某事使某人担心

⑥ sb be / become / feel worried about.../ that clause 担心

⑦sb / sth is a (great, constant) worry (to sb) 某人或某事(非常／不断)让某人担心

⑧make / get sb worried (about)... 使……焦虑；使 ……担心

 

4、Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. 有些垂钓者就是不走运, 他们往往鱼钓不到, 却钓上来些旧靴子和垃圾.

instead of…      我原准备做……但是后来做了……（instead of 后面的词一定是没有做的, 可以放在主句后面）

He will go instead of me他将代替我去。

He came by bus instead of by train.他是乘汽车来的而不是乘火车。

He wanted to go to a film instead of staying at home.他想去看电影而不是呆在家里。

He ought to laugh instead of weep.他应该笑而不该哭。

He went there to gain money instead of to spend money.

The play acts better. Instead of worse, than it reads.剧本演出效果比阅读效果好，而不是坏。

You should be out instead of in.你应出去走走，不要待在家里。       

 

注意：instead 可用于句首，表示“相反的”。如：

She never studies .Instead, she plays tennis all day .她从不学习。相反地，她整天打网球。

 

without强调没有做某件事, instead of强调这件事没做成而做成了另外一件事。副词instead“作为替代，反而”，单独使用时一般出现在句尾。

  If you don’t want a holiday in England, why don’t you go to Australia instead?

 

★catch    v. 抓到

1.(出其不意地)碰上，撞上（某人做某事，多指不好的事），作及物动词用。

（1）后接带现在分词的复合宾语：catch sb.doing sth.

She caught him smoking.她撞上他抽烟。

He caught some boys stealing flowers from the garden.他发现几个男孩在花园里偷花。

（2）后接名词/代词+介词短语

I caught the boy at it again.我又撞上这孩子在干这事。

We shall catch them in the middle of their supper.我们去会碰上他们吃晚饭。

2.撞上、碰上（多用于被动结构）：be/get caught in…

The ship was caught in a hurricane.那艘船遇上了飓风。

On my way home yesterday, I was caught in the rain.昨天我在回家的途中遇上雨了。

3.赶上，抓住

They caught us before we reached town.我们还没有到达城里，他们就赶上我们了。

I want to catch the one-thirty train.我想去赶一点半的火车。

I caught him by the arm.我抓住了他的胳臂。

What? I didn't catch that(what you said).什么？我没听清楚。

Can you catch the ball?能够接住球吗？

4. 理解，懂得

I don’t quite catch on.我很不理解。

Sorry, I did not quite catch you. You mean you can not afford to buy it ? 对不起我不太明白你的意思。你是说你买不起？

I do not quite catch what you are saying. 我听不见你说的话。

 

catch的一些固定用法

catch a cold    染上感冒

catch sight of = see     看见

catch fire     着火

catch one's eyes     吸引某人注意力

catch up with赶上、超过

catch one’s attention引起注意

catch one’s breath屏息,喘气

catch sb. by the arm抓住人手臂

be caught in(the rain, a trap) 遇（雨）、陷入（圈套）

5、I am even less lucky. 我的运气甚至还不及他们.

less是little的比较级，意为“不及，不如，更少”

  I spend less time on English than on French.

less+原形

A is less…than B       A不如B

请注意下面句子：

1.      She is less tall than he.

=She is not so/as tall as he(is).

=She is shorter than he(is).

=He is taller than she(is).他（的身材）比她高。

A is no less diligent than B=A is as diligent as B=Both A and B are diligent

less ……than = not so……as=not more……than不像……那样，不必……更

2.      I was less hurt than(I was ) surprised. = I was more surprised than hurt. = I was not so much hurt as surprised.我与其说受到了伤害，倒不如说吃了一惊。

3.      He was less hurt than frightened.= It is more true to say that he was frightened.与其说他受伤了，还不如说他吓坏了。

4.      They buy beer less expensive than they used to.他们现在购买的啤酒比以前便宜。

5.      He is less honest than his brother.他不像他哥哥那样诚实。

6.      I think he was being less than honest(=not at all honest) with me.我想他对我一点也不老实。

7.      The job is less than perfect.这工作不十分理想。

8.      No less than 1,000 people took part on the meeting yesterday.昨天参加会议的人有一千之多

9.      He has read no less than 30 English books.他竟然已经读了30本英文书。[No less than = as much(many) as多达强调多]

10.  He has read not less than 30 English books.他读的英文书不少于30本。Not less than = at least至少

11.  His weight is no less than 250 pounds.他的体重多达250磅。No less than 不少与，多达。

12.  He is no less clever than you.他和你一样聪明。no less … than = as … as和……一样

13.  I am no less rich than him.=I am as rich as him.我和他一样富有.
I am not less rich than him.=I am perhaps richer than him.也许我比他更富有。not less + adj + than = perhaps + 比较级 + than 不比……差，也许比……更

14.  He is no less active than he used to be.他像从前一样地活跃。

15.  he fought with no less daring than skill.他既勇敢又善战。

16.  A shower uses less water than a bath.淋浴比盆浴用水少

17.  A poor man is no less a citizen than a rich man.=A poor man is as much a citizen as a rich man.穷人和富人都是公民。

18.  Our soldiers fought with no less daring than skill.我们的士兵作战的英勇不亚于他们的战技。

19.  He is no less a person than the chairman.他正是主席本人.

20.  The middle-aged man was no less (no other) a person than the new headmaster.这位中年人正是新来的校长。

21.  He was less reasonable than any one in this world.在这个世界上，他比谁都不讲道理。[他是全世界最不讲道理的人。]

22.  Nothing is less easy than this.没有比这更容易的事了。

23.  He’ll be back in less than no time.他将马上回来。in less than a second转眼间

24.  His lecture left me less than satisfactory.他的演讲怎么也不会使我满意。

25.  Father understood less of money matter than a child.父亲对钱的事情比小孩还要不懂。

26.  WE fear no death, still less difficulties.我们死都不怕，何况困难。（still less短语只用于否定句）

27.  At the age of 14 I had never even been on a train, much less an aircraft.连火车都没乘过，更不用说飞机了。

28.  In those days, people didn’t  have ballpoint pens, much less typewriters. 

29.  The less you eat, the thinner you become.你吃得越少，就会变得越瘦。

30.  The less wit a man has, the less he knows that wants it.智慧越少，越不知道需要智慧。

 

 

6、After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. 我总是在河上呆上整整一上午, 然后空着袋子回家.

spend+时间+在某地       在某地度过……时间

He likes to spend his Sunday in London.他喜欢在伦敦和星期天。

He had spent some delightful at Cambridge.他在剑桥过一些愉快的日子。

Let’s spend tomorrow together.咱们明天再一起过吧。

Fred spent a lot of money on books. Fred花了不少钱买书。

He spends a lot of money on(in) entertaining friends.他花了不少钱招待朋友。

I have spent all day looking for you.我花了整整一天的时间找你。

We spent two hours in a pleasant talk yesterday evening.昨天晚上我们长谈了两个小时。

Don’t spend any more time on that lesson.别在那一课上在花时间了。

Every spare minute she gets is spent on the car.她每一分钟的是空闲时间都花在了汽车上。

 

after conj.+从句     在……之后

介词after的宾语的动名词having spent所表示的动作发生在谓语动词go之前，所以动名词用完成形式。

    After I leave school, I'll go to college. 中学毕业后，我要上大学。(leave代替了have left)

    I found his letter two days after he went away.他走了两天后我才发现了他的信。(went代替了had gone)

After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.你仔细考虑过以后，告诉我你是怎样决定的。
After we had finished the work, we went home.完成工作之后，我们回家了。（从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时）

You will probably discover many others after you have tried these. 试做完这些之后你可能会发现很多其他东西。

 

7、'You must give up fishing!' my friends say. “你可别再钓鱼了!” 我的朋友们说。

give up doing sth. = stop doing sth.     放弃做某事

My father tried to give up smoking. 我爸爸试图戒烟。

Give up fishing/fighting放弃垂钓/战斗

1. give up 投降；认输；放弃。

2. give sb up 对某人的到来（或康复 ，能否找到等）不再抱有希望。

3. give sth up 停止；中止；放弃；抛弃。也可以用give up sth。

4. give sth up (to sb) 把…交给（或让与）…

5. give yourself /sb up (to sb) 自首；投案；投降。

6. give yourself up to sth =(give yourself over to sth ) or （give up on sb） 对…不再抱有希望（或不再相信…） 。

Don’t give up. You may still succeed.不要泄气，还有成功的可能。give up=stop trying放弃；

She gave herself up to despair.她完全绝望了。

He gave up his seat to an old man.他让座给一位老人。

The student gave up halfway.这位学生中途放弃。

 

8、'It's a waste of time.' But they don't realize one important thing. “这是浪费时间. “然而他们没有认识到重要的一点。

★waste     n. 浪费

① n. 浪费

a waste of…     浪费……

It is a waste of time/money/food/water.

② vt. 浪费

 v. waste  sth.

           sth. on sth.

           sth.(in) doing sth.

We mustn’t waste any more time. 我们一定不要在浪费时间。

Do put waste in the basket.务请把废物放在纸娄里。

Waste can be made useful again.废物能再次被利用。

He wasted a lot of time playing about.他到处闲逛，浪费了许多时间。

spend time话费时间       waste time 浪费时间  kill time 消磨时间

fill up time消磨时光（阅读中见到无up）   pass(one’s) time消磨时光

waste water 废水     wasted efforts徒劳、白费劲

a wasteful man爱挥霍浪费的人

 

★realize      v. 意识到

① v. 认识，知道，明白，意识到

I went into the wrong room without realizing it.    我无意中走错了房间。

The man laughed when he realized what had happened.

I realized that I was wrong.

② v. 实现（希望、目标、愿望等）

realize one's dream     实现某人的梦想

She has realized her hope to be an actress.她实现了当演员的愿望。

③ 使变为事实，使发生（常用于被动语态）

This plan can never be realized.

Her worst fears were realized.她最担心的事情发生了。

 

9.I'm not really interested in fishing. I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all! 我并不是真的对钓鱼有兴趣, 我感兴趣的只是独坐孤舟, 无所事事!

be interested in sth. / doing sth.     对……感兴趣

  I’m interested in collecting stamps.

Every one is interested in fashion.每个人对时尚都感兴趣。

 

★boot     n.  靴子

a pair of boots     一双靴子

rubber boots橡胶长靴

be in sb’s boots 处在某人的地位，设身处地为别人想想