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Lesson 9   A cold welcome

(2009-05-10 14:37:21)
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高考

新概念

英语语法

中学生英语

文化

分类: 新概念英语

Lesson 9   A cold welcome

 

【Text】

On Wednesday evening, we went to the Town Hall. It was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people had gathered under the Town Hall clock. It would strike twelve in twenty minutes' time. Fifteen minutes passed and then, at five to twelve, the clock stopped. The big minute hand did not move. We waited and waited, but nothing happened. Suddenly someone shouted. 'It's two minutes past twelve! The clock has stopped!' I looked at my watch. It was true. The big clock refused to welcome the New Year. At that moment, everybody began to laugh and sing.

 

参考译文

星期三的晚上, 我们去了市政厅.  那是一年的最后一天, 一大群人聚集在市政厅的大钟下面. 再过20分钟, 大钟将敲响12下. 15分钟过去了, 而就在11点55分时, 大钟停了. 那根巨大的分针不动了.  我们等啊等啊, 可情况没有变化. 突然有人喊道 : “已经12点零2分了!那钟已经停了!” 我看了一下我的手表, 果真如此. 那座大钟不愿意迎接新年. 此时, 大家已经笑了起来, 同时唱起了歌.

 

【New words and expression_r_rs】

welcome          n. 欢迎;v. 欢迎

crowd            n. 人群

gather           v. 聚集

hand             n. (表或机器的)指针

shout            v. 喊叫

refuse           v. 拒绝

laugh            v. 笑

moment           n.片刻

happen          vi.发生

strike          vt.报时

【课文讲解】整理

1.On Wednesday evening, we went to the Town Hall. 星期三的晚上, 我们去了市政厅.

morning,afternoon,evening前如果加修饰词则用介词on,否则用in

1、用in的时间短语有:

① 表示一天中的某段时间:in the morning;in the afternoon;in the evening

② 表示周、月份、年份:in a week;in January;in Feb;in 1992

③ 表示季节:in summer;in spring;in autumn;in winter

in+表示时间长度的短语可以表示“在某段时间之内”,这时可以与现在时、过去时或将来时连用,一般与完成某动作有关;还可译为“……时间之后”,一般与将来时连用。根据时态判别in 表示的含义

in twenty minutes' time     20分钟之后

We will finish class in half an hour.

2、用on的时间短语有:

① 表示星期:on Monday;on Friday

② 表示日期:on June 1st;on 23rd March(在书写日期时没有冠词,但在口语中则分别读为:on June the first;on the 23rd of March)

③ 表示星期+日期:on Monday, June 1st

④ 表示具体时间:on Wednesday evening;on fine afternoon;on that day

 

2.It was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people had gathered under the Town Hall clock. 那是一年的最后一天, 一大群人聚集在市政厅的大钟下面.

★the last day of the year     一年中的最后一天

 

★crowd     n. 人群

① n. 人群

The crowd一般群众、大众

I spotted him in the crowd.    我在人群中一眼就认出了他

a crowd of people    一群人,没有次序的人群, 拥挤的人群

a large crowd of the people    一大群人

a crowd of looers-on一群围观的人

crowds of people    许多人, 人山人海

draw a large crowd吸引大批观众

follow the crowd随大流

go with the crowd随大流

in crowds成群、大群地

in the crowd    在人群中

a group of people    一群人,有次序的人群

② v.拥挤, 挤满

Be crowded with满是……

Passengers crowded the platform.月台挤满了乘客。
将...塞进
He crowded more books onto the shelf. 
他向书架上又塞了一些书。

★gather     v. 聚集

① vt. 使集拢,集合,召集

He gathered a large crowd of people round him.

② vt 收集,采集,收(庄稼等)

The children are out in the field gathering flowers.   孩子们在外面地里采花。

It has taken me a lifetime to gather all these books.收集所有这些书花了我一辈子的时间。

gather information搜集资料

③ vi. 集拢,聚集,集合

The clouds are gathering.云在聚集。

They gathered under the Town Hall clock.

people gathered   人们聚集在一起, 尤指自发性的聚集

collectgather用法辨析

1. 表示“搜集”、“聚集”, 两者有时可以互换。如:

He gathered [collected] a big crowd around him. 他周围围了一大群人。

They gathered [collected] the leaves for burning. 他们把树叶扫拢烧掉。

2. 两者的主要区别是:gather 通常只表示把分散的人或物集拢在一起,而 collect 则往往指有计划、有条理地为了某一目的而进行的较为精心的搜集,所以像下例中的 collect 就不宜用 gather 代替:

He collects stamps. 他集邮(from www.yywords.com)。

3. collect 可表示“收取”、“领走”(此时不用 gather)。如:

The mailman collects the letters away every morning. 邮递员每天早上来收信。

She collected her child from school on her way home. 她在回家的路上到学校接回了自己的小孩。

The bus conductor collected money from the passengers. 公共汽车售票员向乘客收钱。

4. I gather 可表示“我猜想”、“我推测”(此时不用 collect)。如:

I gather he’s ill, and that’s why he hasn’t come. 我猜是他病了,所以还没有来。

转自:http://www.en8848.com.cn/yingyu/33/n-119833.html

 

3.It would strike twelve in twenty minutes' time. 再过20分钟, 大钟将敲响12下.

★strike     v. 打,击;敲,弹(钟,乐器等) 

① v. 打,击

She struck the man in the face.

② v. 敲,弹(钟,乐器等)

strike the clock    (人)敲钟

clock strike    钟自己响

Listen, the clock is striking.

strike twelve   数字表示敲击的次数

注意下面strike的含义

1.    He was so angry that he struck (hit) the boy in the face.打了

2.    They struck with their fists and kicked with their feet.拳打脚踢

3.    The boss struck the worker with a whip.用鞭子打

4.    His foot struck against a stone.碰在

5.    The clock has just struck five.敲过

Four o’clock had just struck on the church clock.教堂的钟刚敲过四点。

6.    He sruck a match and lighted a candle.他划了根火柴,点亮了蜡烛。

7.    The old man was struck with pity for the poor girl.那个老人对可怜的小女孩产生了同情。[打动,影响,引起]

8.    She struck the man in the face.她打了那人的脸。The stone struck him in the eye.

9.    He was angrily striking the desk with his fist.敲打桌子

10. The area was struck (=hit) by a great storm.遭受了大风暴的袭击。

11. He was struck (hit) by a lighting.给雷电击中了。

12. He was hard hit by financial losses.遭受了严重的经济损失。

13. The family was struck by another tragedy.家庭又遭受了不幸。

14. Enemy troops struck(attack suddenly) just before dawn.敌军在拂晓前发起了进攻。

15. The workers bagan to strike last week.(stop working because of disagreement,refuse to work)be on strike在罢工go on strike举行罢工

16. The workers struck against bad working conditions.(为反对…而罢工)不良的工作环境

17. The visitors were struck by the beauty of the West Lake.留下了深刻的印象(have a strong effect on)

18. The first thing that struck me was the great number of bikes on the street.

19. His speech struck us deeply.深深的打动了我们

20. How does his playing strike you?你觉得他的演技怎样?

21. How does the plan strike you?哪个计划你认为如何?(觉得怎样)

22. He strikes me as a good man.我感到他是个好人。

23. It struck me that we had really learnt a great deal there.我觉得我们在哪儿确实学到很多

东西。

24. It suddenly struck me how we could improve the situation.突然想到一个办法可以让我们改进

An idea suddenly struck me.我心里突然生出一个念头。

Tom suddenly hit on  an exciting idea.忽然想出了惊人的主意。

I hit on this book in a small bookshop.It was printed 300 years ago.我在一家小书店里偶然发现了这本书。是300 年前印刷的。

    Beat, beat up, hit strike

    这几个动词或词组都表示汉语的“打”,但打的方式和含义都不尽相同。

 Beat 表示连续地、不断地打,其对象可以是人,也可以是物。

    The musician beat the drums loudly. 这位乐师把鼓打得很响。

I could always beat my brother at chess. 我常下象棋赢了我兄弟.

Hit 表示“打中”,往往是打一下,其对象既可以是人也可以是物。例如:

He hit the ball with his head.

Strike 往往也表示“打一下:, 与hit差不多,但 strike 还表示其他类型的“打”。

★minutes'名词所有格,用来表达时间

表示有生命的东西的名词及某些表示时间、距离、星球、世界、国家等无生命的东西的名词后加 ’s来表示所有关系,叫做名词所有格。名词所有格表示时间或距离

3 hours’ walk 三小时的路程

five minutes’ walk 五分钟路程

two miles’ distance 两英里的距离

today’s newspaper今天的报纸

  two days’ journey两天的旅程

4.Fifteen minutes passed and then, at five to twelve, the clock stopped. 15分钟过去了, 而就在11点55分时, 大钟停了.

英语时间表达法

英语时间通常用以下两种方法表达:
      1. 直接表达法
      A. 用基数词 o'clock来表示整点,留意o'clock须用单数,可以省略。

如:eight o'clock 八点钟,ten (o'clock) 十点钟
      B. 用基数词按钟点 分钟的顺序直接写出时间。如:
      eleven-o-five 十一点过五分, six forty六点四十
      
      2. 间接表达法
      A. 假如分钟数少于30分钟,可用分钟 past 钟点表示,其中past是介词,
      意思是 “过”。如: twenty past four 四点二十 eight past one 一点八分
      B. 假如分钟数多于30分钟,可用(60分钟-原分钟数) to (原钟点数 1)
      表示,其中to是介词,意思是“差”。如:8:35 可表示为twenty-five to nine
      差二十五分钟九点,即八点三十五(其中的分钟数twenty-five 是由60分钟减去
      35分钟得到的;钟点数nine是由8加1得到的)。注:A. 当分钟数是15分钟时,
      可用名词quarter (一刻钟)表示。如:7:15可表示为 a quarter past seven,
      12:15可表示为 a quarter past twelve
      B. 当分钟数是30分钟时,可用名词half (一半)表示。如:
      9:30 可表示为 half past nine,3:30可表示为 half past three。
      
      C. 若想表明是上午,可在时间后加上am或a.m.。如:
      thirteen past six a.m. (上午六点十三分)等。若想表明是下午,可在时间后加
      上pm或p.m.。如:four o'clock p.m. (下午四点)等。
      D. 若表示的时间不够正确,可在时间前加上介词about。如:about eight (大约
      八点)等。
      E. 在时间前面应用介词at 来表示在的意思。如:at nine 在九点钟,at about
      five thirty-five p.m. 大约在下午五点三十五分等

转自:http://www.xizuo.com/yingyujiaoshibokejingxuan/yingyulunwen2/4654.html

 

5.The big minute hand did not move. 那根巨大的分针不动了.

★hand     n. (表或机器的)指针;手

minute hand;second hand;hour hand

second hand    二手的,旧的,秒针

wait me a moment/wait me a few seconds(for a few secs.)  (secs.是seconds的缩写)

The letter was written by hand.这封信是手写的。

He had a new book in his hand.他手里拿着一本新书。

[相关短语]

at hand  近处;即将到来             by hand  手工地

on the one hand   一方面            on the other hand  另一方面

in hand 在手头;在手边              on hand 手头;手边有……

out of hand 失控                    leave/ give a hand 帮忙

hand down  传给后代                  hand over  移交;让与

 

6.We waited and waited, but nothing happened. 我们等啊等啊, 可情况没有变化.

waited and waited    等啊等啊, 强调动作的重复(walked and walked;run and run)

happen    vi.事情做主语, 事情发生

What happened?

Nothing happened.

用重叠的词表示强调。
    Then they had read some of the chapters again and again.
    Science serves the people first and foremost. 科学首先要为人民服务。

7.Suddenly someone shouted. 'It's two minutes past twelve! The clock has stopped!' I looked at my watch. It was true. 突然有人喊道 : “已经12点零2分了!那钟已经停了!”

★shout     v. 喊叫

call out    大声喊叫

cry out    大声哭喊

scream    尖叫

 

8.The big clock refused to welcome the New Year. 那座大钟不愿意迎接新年.

★refuse    v. 拒绝

① vt. 拒绝(接受、服从等)

She refused the gift.

② vt. 拒不,不肯,不愿

John refused to change his mind.  约翰拒不改变主意。

③ vi. 拒绝,不接受

I offered to pay him for his help, but he refused.

对于他的帮助我提出给他报酬,但他拒绝了。

refuse to do sth.    拒绝去做某事

I refuse to leave.    我拒绝离开

I refuse to move.     我拒绝移动

Refuse系普通用语,指“坚决、果断或坦率地拒绝”

Decline指“较正式地、有礼貌地谢绝”

Reject指“以否定、敌对的态度而当面拒绝”

还有其他拒绝:spurn, rebuff

turn down和 refuse都有拒绝的意思 但是有什么区别呢?

turn down 通常指拒绝一个“提案、建议”。也可以有 turn sb down 的说法,但是实质上 还是拒绝了某个人的 提案。例如:He asked Helen to marry him but she turned him down.

refuse 的意思中包含了 turn down。同时还有很多其它意思,不仅是拒绝一个提案,还可以是很多别的事物。例如:

refuse a fact(不承认事实),

refuse sb(拒绝某人),

refuse sb money 拒绝借钱给某人。

refuse a gift 拒受礼物。

refuse to burn (柴等)烧不着。

refuse to shut (门等)关不上。

 

★1)welcome v./n./adj./interj. 欢迎

Adj. 意为“受欢迎的”:“令人喜欢的”。

a welcome guest 受欢迎的客人

a welcome rain 甘霖

a most welcome suggestion 极受欢迎的建议

You suggestion is most welcome to us.你的建议提得好。

You are a welcome guest.您是个受欢迎的人。

Anyone who wants to come will be welcome.谁想来都受欢迎。

2)welcome to some place欢迎某人到某处

You are welcome to Beijing.北京欢迎你!

Welcome to our school.= You are welcome to our school.欢迎你们来到我们学校。

sb. be welcome to do sth.欢迎某人做某事

Foreign friends are welcome to visit China.我们欢迎外国朋友访问中国。

You are welcome to use my bike.你可以随便使用我的自行车。

Everyone who is interested in English is welcome to our party.欢迎每一位对英语感兴趣的人参加我们的聚会。

3) 名词意为“欢迎,款待”,可用 warm (热烈的), cold (冷淡的), enthusiastic (热情的)等形容词作定语加以修饰。

give sb. a warm welcome热烈欢迎某人

have a rather cold welcome 受到冷遇

Let’s give Mr. Jackson a warm welcome.

We had a cold welcome.我们受到了冷遇。

Her suggestion received a rather enthusiastic welcome. 她的建议颇受欢迎。

We shook hands with the visitors in welcome.我们和来访者握手,表示欢迎。

We didn’t expect that they gave us such a warm welcome.我们没料到他们会如此热烈地欢迎我们。

4)vt.  welcome sb./sth.

       welcome sb. + 介词短语

       welcome wb. + 副词

welcome sb. warmly热烈欢迎某人=give sb. a warm welcome

We were heartily welcomed by our hosts.我们受到主人的热情欢迎。

He didn't welcome the suggestion. 他不欢迎这项建议。

They welcomed me warmly.

They welcomed me with flowers.他们用鲜花欢迎我。

We welcomed a baby into the world.我们欢迎来了一个小生命的诞生。

They opened the door and welcomed him in.他们开门将他迎了进去。

We welcome any change that will lead to something better.

We welcomed the singer to our school. 我们欢迎这位歌手到我们学校来。

5)作感叹词

Welcome back!

Welcome to England!

Welcome to CCTV news.胡纳应收看中央电视台新闻节目。

Welcome to the world of JK Rowling!

 

6)You are welcome. 不用谢,别客气(回答感谢)。

一、表示“不用谢。”如:

—Thank you,Miss Lin!林老师,谢谢您!

—You are welcome. 不用谢。

二、表示“你是受欢迎的人。”如:

—Can I go with you?我能和你们一起去吗?

—OK. You are welcome. 行,欢迎你来。

三、表示“随意用。”如:

—May I use your bike?我能借用一下你的自行车吗?

—Sure. You are welcome. 当然可以,随便用吧。

9.At that moment, everybody began to laugh and sing. 此时, 大家已经笑了起来, 同时唱起了歌.

Moment的搭配:

1.                 at the moment 1.=just now, at the present time此刻,目前(一般时态)相当于for the moment 2.=then那时,当时(过去时态),just then    就在那时

2.                 at any moment:=at all times; at an unknown time only a little after a time in the present or post任何时候,随时

3.                 at every moment:=always, constantly不断地,时时刻刻地; continuously, ceaselessly不停地

4.                 at a moment’s notice=at short notice一接通知马上就……

5.                 at the last moment: only just in time; just before the start of an actively及时,在最后一刻almost too late

6.                 at odd moments-whenever one has a few minutes to spare抽空,有空

7.                 at moments=often, frequently时时,常常

8.                 at the moment: at the present time ;just now现在,此刻,就在此时 at that time

9.                 at this moment目前,现在at a point of time

10.              at this moment in time:目前,现在

11.              for a moment=a short while; 片刻in a moment一会儿,一下子[for a brief space of time之后不久,相隔不久]

12.              not/never for a moment=at no time, not at all决不,从来没有,一点也不

13.              for the moment: temporarily暂时,目前

 

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