加载中…新概念英语第二册（37-42）词汇课文语法全讲
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新概念英语第二册（37 |
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新概念英语第二册（37-42）词汇课文语法全讲
Lesson 37
The Olympic Games
Olympic
adj. 奥林匹克的
hold v.
召开
government
n. 政府
immense
adj. 巨大的
stadium
n. 露天体育场
standard
n. 标准
capital
n. 首都
fantastic
adj. 巨大的
design v.
设计
★Olympic
adj. 奥林匹克的
the Olympic games
奥林匹克运动会（简称the
Games，一般大型运动会用games)
★hold (held，held)
v. 召开
① vt.
拿着，抓住，抱住
Please hold the bady while I
take off my coat.
Why are you holding my
bag?
② 容纳，装得下，包含
This cup can’t hold much
water. 这杯子装不了多少水。
The stadium can hold 20,000
people.
③
举行，进行（会议、会谈等）；庆祝（节日）；纪念
have a meeting = hold a
meeting
召开会议
hold习惯用被动：
The Olympic games will be
held in China in 2008. (two thousand
eight)
A festival is held at
Edinburgh every year.
节日庆典每年在爱丁堡举行一次.
We are going to hold a
meeting tomorrow to discuss the
subject.
明天我们准备开一次会来讨论这个议题.
The next conference will be
held in Geneva.
下次会议将在日内瓦举行.
★immense []
adj. 巨大的
★fantastic
adj. 巨大的
immense
adj. 极大的, 无边的, 一望无际的
The universe is
immense.
immense
ocean
big
adj.（一般的）大的
big man
大人物
large
adj. 数量的大,
尺寸的大
large man
大块头
great
adj. 伟大的, 重要的
great man
伟人
huge []
adj.(体积的)巨大的, 庞大，极大的,
无限的
fantastic []
adj. 巨大的(建筑等，表惊叹)，好极的,
宏伟的
★stadium
n. 露天体育场
playground
n. 操场
sports field
运动场, 体育场（sports
各种各样的运动）
gymnasium
[]=gym [] n.
健身房，体育馆；体育
篮球场 gym
；足球场 stadium
★standard
n. 标准
high standard
高标准
Olympic-standard
奥林匹克标准(运动会中的最高标准)（复合形容词：形容词+名词）
★capital
n. 首都
capital
adj. 大写的, 重要的
capital punishment
极刑 (punishment []
n.惩罚, 处罚, 惩处)
hot seat
电椅（国外的极刑）
★design
v. 设计
① vt. &vi.
设计图样
George has designed a new
bridge.
② vt. &vi.
打算（做……），计划
He designed to enter for the
competition.
This book is designed for
foreign tourist.
③ n.
图样，图纸；设计
Susan has just drawn a
design for a new dress.
Here is the design of the
new house.
designer
n. 设计师
well－designed
设计不错的（复合形容词：副词+过去分词）
【Text】
The Olympic Games will be
held in our country in four years' time. As a great many people
will be visiting the country, the government will be building new
hotels, an immense stadium, and a new Olympic-standard swimming
pool. They will also be building new roads and a special railway
line. The Games will be held just outside the capital and the whole
area will be called 'Olympic City'. Workers will have completed the
new roads by the end of this year. By the end of next year, they
will have finished work on the new stadium. The fantastic modern
buildings have been designed by Kurt Gunter. Everybody will be
watching anxiously as the new buildings go up. We are all very
excited and are looking forward to the Olympic Games because they
have never been held before in this country.
参考译文
4年以后, 奥林匹克运动会将在我们国家举行.
由于将有大批的人到我们国家来, 所以政府准备建造一些新的饭店、一个大型体育场和一个新的奥运会标准游泳池.
他们还将修筑一些新的道路和一条铁路专线. 奥运会就在首都市郊举办, 整个地区将被称作 “奥林匹克城” .
工人们将在今年年底前把新路铺好; 到明年年底, 他们将把新体育场建成. 这些巨大的现代化建筑是由库尔特•冈特设计的.
大家都将急切地注视着新建筑的建成. 我们都非常激动, 盼望着奥运会的到来,
因为在这个国家里还从未举办过奥运会.
【课文讲解】
1、The Olympic Games will be
held in our country in four years' time.
in four years’ time
四年之后（in常与将来时连用表示“……时间之后”）
four years later
四年后
four years ago
四年前
2、As a great many people
will be visiting the country, the government will be building new
hotels, an immense stadium, and a new Olympic-standard swimming
pool.
as/because原因，as是连词，引出原因状语从句，as用于表示原因时通常位于句首，它所表明的原因对于讲话对象可能是已知的，因此没必要再予以强调。because任何时候都可代替as，来说明一种或几种原因，但as则不一定总能代替because。because一般跟在主句后面，强调讲话的对象可能不知道的原因。
a large number of people = a
great many people 大批的人
an immense stadium
一个大型体育场
a new Olympic-standard
swimming pool
一个新的奥运会标准的游泳池
3、They will also be building
new roads and a special railway line.
be building
修建
a special railway-line
专线铁路
4、Workers will have
completed the new roads by the end of this year.
by the end of this year
到今年年底前
by the end of next year
到明年年底前
by是完成时的标志,
表示“到……为止，在……之前，并不晚于某时的任何时间”，不能与表示一段时间的名词名词连用，只能与表示时间点的名词或词组连用，用于肯定句与用于否定句有一定区别。
5、Everybody will be watching
anxiously as the new buildings go up.
as是连词，相当于while，当“当，正值”讲，引出时间状语从句，它引导的从句虽然表示将来的动作但要用一般现在时，不能用
“…will go up”
be built强调建造；go up
（建筑物）被兴建起来，拔地而起
6、We are all very excited
and are looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have
never been held before in this country.
look forward
to+n./pron./doing sth.
(很高兴的)盼望，期待
look forward
to…与expect(期待)的区别是expect没有高不高兴的成分
Look forward to your
letter.
【Letter
Writing】
在信的地址下面必须写上完整的日期。日期有两种写法，如：17th April,
19-；April 17th
19-，数字写法如下：1st（1日）；2nd（2日）；3rd（3日）；4th（4日）等。
【Key
structures】
一般将来完成时
一般将来时除了可以用来预言将来发生的事以外，还可以表示“意愿”，如允诺、建议、请求、提议等。
将来进行时除了表示最近或不久的将来正在进行的动作外，还可以表示计划或安排好的事：
将来完成时用于表示到将来某一时刻已经完成的动作。将来完成时由will
have+过去分词构成。它常与by和not…till/until+表示时间的名词连用。
I will have finished it
until/till tomorrow.
现在完成式 :
到现在某一点时间为止
过去完成式 :
到过去某一点时间为止
将来完成式 : 到将来某一点时间为止,
某个动作已经发生
【Special
Difficulties】
Look的短语
Look forward to (expect with
pleasure)
(高兴地)盼望，期待着（to为介词后面只能跟名词、代词和动名词，不能接动词原形）
I am looking forward to the
summer holidays.
我正盼望暑假的到来.
I look forward to seeing to
you during the weekend.
Look out (be careful)
当心 (注意)，留神
Look out! A bus is coming.
当心点,
公共汽车来了.
You should always look out
when you walk across a road.
Look out of
朝外看
Look
up
① (get information from a
reference book) 查阅
(从参考书中获取资料)
I don't understand this
word. I shall look it up in a
dictionary.
我不懂这个词的词义,
我要查一下字典.
② (visit)
拜访，看望
Don't forget to look me up
when you return.
回来时别忘了来看我.
I’m going to look up Mary
this afternoon.
Exercise 练习
用hold或look的正确形式填空
:
4 The
students' union ______ an interesting debate on capital punishment
yesterday.
5 My
friend Ingrid lives in Stockholm. Why don't you ______ her______
when you're there?
6
Examinations will be ______ next week. I'm not
______ them.
4. held
debate on …
辩论…… （debate []
v. 争论, 辩论；n. 争论,
辩论）
union []
n.
联合，合并，结合，联盟，协会
口语过程三步：dialogue(对话)；discussion(讨论)；debate(争论)
capital
n. 首都；大写
5. look (her)
up
look (sb.) up : 拜访, 看看,
在英文中并不一定是很正式的, 只是去看看的意思
6. held；looking forward
to
hold an exam
举行考试
take the exam
接受考试
【Multiple choice
questions】
4 By the
end of next year they will have finished the new stadium. This
means they will finish it ___b___ the end of next
year.
a. at b.
before c. after d. long
before
by=before
到……为止, 在……之前,
不迟于
long before
在之前很久
7 We are
looking forward to the Olympic Games, ___a___ they have never been
held before in this country.
a. for b.
why c. because of d. due
to
because强调后面的是原因，后跟句子
because of
因为……（介词短语，不会加句子）
why不能直接做连词
due to + 名词
由于……（介词短语，不会加句子）
His success is due to his
hard work.
12 We are
looking forward to the Games. So we will be ___a___ when they
begin.
a. pleased
b. unhappy c. sorry
d. impatient
be pleased
感到高兴地, 令人满意地
be pleased to do sth.
乐于做某事
impatient []
adj. 不耐烦的, 急躁的,
不耐心的
Lesson 38
Everything except the weather
except
prep. 除了
Mediterranean
n. 地中海
complain
v. 抱怨
continually
adv. 不断地
bitterly
adv. 刺骨地
sunshine
n. 阳光
★Mediterranean[]
n. (the ~)地中海
Mediterranean
n.地中海（=Mediterranean sea, 位于欧, 亚,
非三大洲之间），地中海沿岸的居民；adj. 地中海的, 地中海民族的
★complain
v. 抱怨
complain to sb.
向某人抱怨
complain of/about sth.
抱怨某事
★continually []
adv.
不断地
continually
adv. 连续地, 频繁地(时断时续)
The baby cry
continually.
continuously []
adj. 连续不断地
continue []
v. 继续, 连续, 延伸
★bitterly
adv. 刺骨地
bitterly disappointed
彻底的失望
（disappoint []
vt.使失望）
I am bitterly
disappointed.
bitterly cold
刺骨地寒冷
It’s bitterly cold.
（chilly
adj. 寒冷的）
★sunshine
n. 阳光
也可直接用 “sun”
表示阳光
a drop of sunshine
一缕阳光 （a drop of
一缕）
【Text】
My old friend, Harrison, had
lived in the Mediterranean for many years before he returned to
England. He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had
planned to settle down in the country. He had no sooner returned
than he bought a house and went to live there. Almost immediately
he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was
still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold.
After so many years of sunshine, Harrison got a shock. He acted as
if he had never lived in England before. In the end, it was more
than he could bear. He had hardly had time to settle down when he
sold the house and left the country. The dream he had had for so
many years ended there. Harrison had thought of everything except
the weather.
参考译文
我的老朋友哈里森在回到英国以前曾多年居住在地中海地区。过去他常幻想退休后到英国，并计划在乡间安顿下来。他刚一回到英国便买下了一幢房子住了进去。但紧接着他就开始抱怨那里的天气了。因为即使那时仍为夏季，但雨总是下个不停，而且常常冷得厉害。在阳光下生活了那么多年的哈里森对此感到惊奇。他的举动就好像他从未在英国生活过一样。最后，他再也忍受不住，还没等安顿下来就卖掉了房子，离开了这个国家。他多年来的幻想从此破灭。哈里森把每件事情都考虑到了，唯独没想到天气。
【课文讲解】
1、He had often dreamed of
retiring in England and had planned to settle down in the
country.
dream of…
想, 梦见(梦想)，幻想，向往
think of…
想(思维的活动), 考虑
settle down
定居，安身，安顿
2、He had no sooner returned
than he bought a house and went to live there.
no sooner…than…
一……就……（关联词，引导时间状语从句，主句里常用过去完成时，than后面的从句用一般过去时），相同用法的还有as
soon as，the moment，on doing
had no sooner done…than
+一般过去时, 固定用法 (时态结构 : 完成时态 + than + 一般过去时)
He had no sooner arrived
than he called me up.
no
sooner放在句首就要倒装
No sooner had he arrived
than he called me up. (倒装)
3、Almost immediately he
began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still
summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly
cold.
almost immediately
几乎马上, 很快地
(时间上的快, 常用于写作)
for（连词）表示因为(解释说明,
附加的)＝because因为（一定要说的原因），for与because不同，不能用于句首，并且在for后面必须重复主语：
even though =even if
即使，虽然（引导让步状语从句）
Even though I came here, my
mind was absent. 尽管我人来了,
但我还是心不在焉
4、After so many years of
sunshine, Harrison got a shock.
so many years
这么多年
after it rained for days =
after so many days of rain
在这么多天雨之后
After seven years of hard
work, he was successful.
After ten years of staying
in abroad, he decided to return and settle down.
got a shock
吓了一跳, 吃了一惊
5、He acted as if he had
never lived in England before.
as if+句子
似乎, 好像（引导表示方式的状语从句，如果从句为过去完成时则是虚拟语气，描述与事实相反,
后面的条件是假的）
He acted as if he was poor.
(as if 后是真是假, 应根据上下文来看)
My leg hurts as if it was
broken.
连词as
if/though引导方式状语从句，通常跟在描述行为举止的动词之后，如act，appear，feel，look，smell，sound等后面：
6、In the end, it was more
than he could bear.
more
than在这里表示“超过……的范围”
It was more than I could
understand.
I can't affard it. ＝ It was
more than I can affard.
这种用法与它通常表示“比……更多”的用法稍有不同：
7、He had hardly had time to
settle down when he sold the house and left the
country.
hardly…when…
还没来得及……就……，用法同no
sooner…than
hardly had sb. done when…
(hardly在句首, 要倒装)
He had hardly opened his
eyes when he was knocked out.（knock out : 打晕, 击倒）
have time to do sth.
有时间做某事
I have no time to talk with
you.
我没时间和你说话
I have time enough to have
coffee.
我有足够的时间喝咖啡
【Composition】
1 He
bought an old car. It was in a very bad
state.(but)
2 The
engine was worn out. The gearbox was full of sawdust. (The
engine…not only…but…as well)
3 He could
not drive it. He could no sell it. He could not even give it away.
(neither…nor…nor)
1. in a bad state
状态不太好
though 虽然, even though＝even
if 即使，这些词出现在两句之间, 就不再加but，
2. The engine was not only
worn out but the gearbox was full of sawdust.
worn out
破旧不堪的
engine []
n. 发动机,
机车, 火车头
gearbox []
n.
变速箱
sawdust []
n. 锯屑, 木头屑子
（saw [] n. 锯；v.
锯）
not
only出现在句首要倒装,一般不会放在句首
3. He could neither drive it
nor sell it nor even give it
away.
He could neither drive it
nor sell it even nor give it away. (这样写更好)
neither do sth. nor do sth.
nor do sth. 既不能也不能更不能
【Letter
writing】
日期：每年下列月份写出全称：3月，4月，5月，6月和7月，剩余的月份写成：Jan.
(1月)；Feb. (2月)；Aug. (8月)；Sept. (9月)；Oct. (10月)；Nov. (11月)和Dec.
(12月)。
【Key
structures】
过去完成时
过去完成时经常与一般过去时连用，表示过去某个动作发生前完成的动作。与过去完成时连用的表示时间的词或词组有when，after，as
soon as，(not) until，by that time，(never)
before，already，for，since，just，no
sooner…than，hardly…when等。过去完成时不能与副词ago连用（ago只能与一般过去时连用）。
He hadn’t finished it by
yesterday evening.
到昨天晚上他还没做完。
【Special
Difficulties】
No sooner…than and
Hardly…when
no sooner…than
(一……就……)；hardly…when (几乎未来得及……就……)这两组连词意义都和as soon as相近，但比as soon
as正式。它们通常都与过去完成时连用。当no sooner和hardly位于句首时，后面的主谓结构都要颠倒顺序，即句子变为no
sooner/hardly +助动词 +主语 +动词形式的语序。
Country and
Countryside
country
n.
国家，祖国；乡下（做“乡下”讲时常与the连用）
He had planned to settle
down in the country.
countryside
n.
农村地区（强调景色），乡下
The countryside around
Vienna is very beautiful.
维也纳周围的乡村非常漂亮.
I grew up in the
countryside.
Continuously and
Continually
continuously
adv.
不断地，连续地（指动作中间没有间断）
You mustn’t watch TV for
such a long time continuously.
This plane can fly
continuoulsly for twenty hours.
continually
adv.
频繁地，反复地（指动作中间有间断但又持续很久）
It rained continually.
天频繁地下雨。
The river flows under this
bridge continuously.
河水不停地从桥下流过.
【Multiple choice
questions】
4 He acted
___a___ he had never lived in England before.
a. as though
b. like c. as
d. even if
as if ＝ as though 作宾语，act as
if/though习惯用法
as 后面可以加句子, like 后面加词, as if
加在后面只能作状语，even if 即使
5 It was
more than he could bear. He couldn't bear it
___c___.
a. more b. longer
c. any longer d. no more
not any more = not any
longer = not any further
不再
not more ＝ less
比……少
not longer
不是更长
11
He___d___ as if he had never lived in England
before.
a. made
b. did c. conducted d.
behaved
do as I did
按我所做的做
seem as if
看起来象……
act as if
行为象……一样
look as if
看起来象……一样
conduct＝behave可以做动词，表示行为，但conduct为不及物动词,
如果作及物动词, 加oneself
He conducted himself well.
他表现的很好
He behaved (as)
well.
Lesson 39
Am I all right?
operation
n. 手术
successful
adj. 成功的
following
adj. 下一个
patient
n. 病人
alone
adj. 独自的
exchange
n. （电话的）交换台
inquire
v. 询问，打听
certain
adj. 某个
caller n.
打电话的人
relative
n. 亲戚
★following
adj.
下一个
the next day, the following
day
第二天
the next week, the following
week 第二个星期
★alone
adj. 独自的
alone
强调人孤单一个
‘home alone’ --
《独自在家》
Leave me alone.
我烦着呢, 别理我
Leave him alone.
让他一个人呆会儿
★exchange []
n.
(电话的)交换局
① vt.
换，更换，调换（指同类事物之间）
I want to exchange the red
skirt for a blue one.
② vt. 交换，互换
I met Frank at a bus stop
this afternoon and we exchanged a few words.
Did you exchange gifts after
the party?
③ n. 电话交换台
He telephoned the hospital
exchange and asked for Doctor Millington.
★inquire
v. 询问, 打听
① vt. &vi.
打听，询问
A Mr. Wang inquired your
telephone number. 一位王先生打听您的电话号码。
inquire sth. of sb.
从某人那打听
insquire about sth.
打听某事
He wanted to inquire about a
certain patient.
② vi. 调查，查问
He didn’t tell the truth
when the police inquired into the accident.
③ vi.
求见（某人），要找（某人）
She inquired for the
manager.
她想见经理。
★certain
adj. 某个
certain后面的名词的数量由它前面的数词来定
某一个a certain
+n.（单数）
a certain patient = some
patient 某个病人
某两个two certain +
n.(复数)
two certain
patient
some+可数名词单数时表示某个(某一个)
for some reason
由于某个理由
【Text】
While John Gilbert was in
hospital, he asked his doctor to tell him whether his operation had
been successful, but the doctor refused to do so. The following
day, the patient asked for a bedside telephone. When he was alone,
he telephoned the hospital exchange and asked for Doctor
Millington. When the doctor answered the phone, Mr. Gilbert said he
was inquiring about a certain patient, a Mr. John Gilbert. He asked
if Mr. Gilbert's operation had been successful and the doctor told
him that it had been. He then asked when Mr. Gilbert would be
allowed to go home and the doctor told him that he would have to
stay in hosptial for another two weeks. Then Dr. Millington asked
the caller if he was a relative of the patient. 'No,' the patient
answered, 'I am Mr. John Gilbert.'
参考译文
当约翰•吉尔伯特住院的时候, 他问医生他的手术是否成功,
但医生拒绝告诉他. 第二天, 这位病人要了一部床头电话. 当房里只剩他一个人时, 他挂通了医院的交换台, 要求与米灵顿医生讲话.
当这位医生接过电话时, 吉尔伯特先生说他想询问一个病人的情况, 是一位名叫约翰•吉尔伯特的先生. 他问吉尔伯特先生的手术是否成功,
医生告诉他手术很成功. 然后他又问吉尔伯特先生什么时候可以回家, 医生说他在医院还必须再住上两个星期. 之后,
米灵顿医生问打电话的人是否是病人的亲属. “不是, “病人回答说, “我就是约翰•吉尔伯特先生. “
【课文讲解】
1、Am I all right?
all
right当指人的健康状况时，可表示“安然无恙的，良好的”
2、While John Gilbert was in
hospital, he asked his doctor to tell him whether his operation had
been successful, but the doctor refused to do so.
So在这里是代词，代替前面的动词不定式（to tell
him
whether…）。它一般出现believe，do，expect，hope，say，tell，think，appear等之后：
3、The following day, the
patient asked for a bedside telephone.
the following day = the next
day，这里following表示“紧接着的，其次的”。
ask for
请求，索要，要求（得到某个东西）。在下一句（…asked for Doctor
Millington）中它表示“要求（某人）来（接电话）”。
bedside telephone
床头电话
4、When the doctor answered
the phone, Mr. Gilbert said he was inquiring about a certain
patient, a Mr. John Gilbert.
Certain在这里没有“肯定的，确实的”等含义，而表示“某一，某位”，暗指说话者或说话对象可能对这人/这事不大清楚/熟悉，或所指的这个人身份不大清楚：
a Mr. John Gilbert
一位名叫约翰.吉尔伯特的先生
a+人名前面,
表示某一个拥有这个特征的人或我不认识的某某人，这种情况下a通常与表示“某一”的certain连用：
He is a Leifeng.
表示具有雷锋的特征
A certain Mrs. Hart is
waiting to see you.
有位哈特夫人正等着见您。
5、He then asked when Mr.
Gilbert would be allowed to go home and the doctor told him that he
would have to stay in hosptial for another two
weeks.
for another two weeks
又两个星期
another作为限定词表示“另一个，再一个”的时候，通常与可数的单数名词连用，不和复数形式连用；但是后面可以跟基数词/few+复数名词（它们被当成一个整体）：
考试前我还需上3节驾驶课。
【Key
structures】
直接引语和间接引语
直接引语的疑问句变为间接引语的疑问句时引号和问号不再使用，且直接疑问句中的倒装语序在转述疑问句里要还原为陈述句语序（主语+动词），有必要还要改变时态。
转述一般疑问句时必须使用if或whether，不可省略，助动词do/does和did在转述疑问句里消失了。
ask，want to
know，wonder等后面的if和whether通常可以互换，但是whether表示的怀疑程度比if稍大。
在表示两者挑一时更常用whether：
转述疑问句中带有or
not时，通常用whether引导，不用if引导：
在转述特殊疑问句时，通常用原来的疑问词。在针对主语提问的间接疑问句中，时态和情态助动词照常有变化，但语序保持不变。
Tom asked if / whether Jack
would arrive the next day.
汤姆问杰克第二天是否能到.
Jane asked why I hadn't
written to her.
简问为什么我不给她写信.
如果直接引语是问句，变为间接引语时，主句不说He
said，而用He asked；told可以后跟问句，还可以跟陈述句：
直接引语是表示命令、请求、建议的祈使句通常可用适当的动词后跟不定式来转述，常用的这类动词有advise，ask，tell，order，command，warm，invite等，这些动词后往往有间接宾语，在转述这类祈使句的否定形式时，必须将not放在带to的不定式之前：
She reminded/told me to turn
off all the lights.
The teacher was
telling/ordering/commanding her students to close their
books.
tell sb. to do
sth.
The teacher told me (not) to
open the door.
ask sb. to do
sth.
动词suggest和insist用于转述建议、要求时，其结构为suggest/insist
+that从句（用should）：
【Multiple choice
questions】
3 John
Gilbert was in hospital. He was taken ___c___ hospital last
week.
a. at
b.in c.to
d.on
take sb. to hospital
送某人去医院
5 ___d___?
A bedside telephone.
a. For what did he ask
b. What did he ask
c. For what did he ask for
d. What
did he ask for
for what
因为……（在疑问句中＝why）
For what did he ask?
他为什么要?
ask for
要求得到
7 He will
have to stay in hospital. That's what he ___b___.
a. has done
b. must do c. must be doing
d. must have done
a、has done 已经做的 ； b、must
do必须做的 ；c、must be doing
must+ v.(原形)＝have to
不得不；很可能（对现在或者将来的推测）
must +原形, +be doing, +have
done属于推测句型的三种结构
must be doing
对说话的当时的正在进行的行为的推测
He must be
sleeping.
He must be making the
notes.
must have done
对过去的事情的推测
He must have made the
notes.
must have been doing
对过去的正在进行的动作的推测
He must have been
sleeping.
11 He was
alone. He was ___a___.
a. on his own b. lonely c.
with himself d.unique
on one's own ＝
alone
of one's own
某人自己的
12 He
inquired about a patient. He wanted ___b___.
a. informations
b.information c. knowledges
d. knowledge
knowledge []
n.知识, 学问, 认识, 知道, <古>学科
information
n.
信息（不可数名词）
a piece of information
一条信息
message可数名词,
如手机短信
Lesson 40
Food and talk
hostess
n. 女主人
unsmiling
adj. 不笑的，严肃的
tight
adj. 紧身的
fix v.
凝视
globe n.
地球
despair
n. 绝望
★hostess
n. 女主人
host n.
男主人；v. 作为主人, 主办
actor n.
男演员； actress
n. 女演员
★unsmiling
adj. 不笑的
unsmiling
adj. 不笑的（un+smiling, 但并不一定表示
“严肃”）
serious []
adj.严肃的, 认真的,
严重的
My father is
serious.
★tight
adj. 紧身的
tight jeans
紧身牛仔裤
The shoes are small/tight.
(夹脚, 很紧)
tights []
n. 贴身衬衣,
紧身衣, 女用连裤袜
★fix
v. 凝视
① v.
使……固定、安装
fix the picture on the
wall
She fixed a handle on the
door.
fix on
使（目光、注意力等）集中于，盯着
fix one's eyes on sth./one's
eyes be fixed on sth.
盯着……目不转睛（习惯用被动）
All the eyes were fixed on
the blackboard. 所有的眼睛都盯着黑板
② v.
修理
★globe
n. 地球，球状物, 如地球仪；adj. 全球的
global problem
全球性的问题
earth
n. 地球
global
“阁楼宝”，一种灭蟑螂的药名
★despair
n. 绝望
despair []
n. 绝望, 失望,
令人失望的人(事物)；vi.绝望
in despair
绝望的
sb./sth. is the despair of…
……让……感到绝望
The boy is the despair of
his parents.
那男孩的父母对他感到绝望了。
This boy is his mother's
despair.
这个男孩使他妈绝望了。
The examination was the
despair of me. = The examination was my despair.
我对考试已经绝望了。
disappoint []
vt.
使失望
【Text】
Last week at a dinner party,
the hostess asked me to sit next to Mrs. Rumbold. Mrs. Rumbold was
a large, unsmiling lady in a tight black dress. She did not even
look up when I took my seat beside her. Her eyes were fixed on her
plate and in a short time, she was busy eating. I tried to make
conversation.
'A new play is coming to
"The Globe" soon,' I said. 'Will you be seeing
it?'
'No,' she
answered.
'Will you be spending your
holidays abroad this year?' I asked.
'No,' she
answered.
'Will you be staying in
England?' I asked.
'No,' she
answered.
In despair, I asked her
whether she was enjoying her dinner.
'Young man,' she answered,
'if you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our
dinner!’
参考译文
在上星期的一次宴会上,
女主人安排我坐在兰伯尔德夫人的身旁. 兰伯尔德夫人是一位身材高大、表情严肃的女人, 穿一件紧身的黑衣服. 当我在她身旁坐下来的时候,
她甚至连头都没有抬一下. 她的眼睛盯着自己的盘子, 不一会儿就忙着吃起来了.
我试图找个话题和她聊聊.
“一出新剧要来‘环球剧场’上演了, “我说,
“您去看吗?”
“不, “她回答. “您今年去国外度假吗?”
我又问.
“不,
“她回答.
“您就呆在英国吗?”
我问.
“不,
“她回答.
失望之中我问她饭是否吃得满意.
“年轻人, “她回答说, “如果你多吃点, 少说点,
我们两个都会吃得好的!”
【课文讲解】
1、Last week at a dinner
party, the hostess asked me to sit next to Mrs.
Rumbold.
dinner为不可数名词，“at a dinner
party”中的“a”并不修饰“dinner”而是 “party”,have dinner不加“a”
ask sb. to do sth.
叫某人做某事
next to
与……相邻，挨着（既可表示座位挨着也可以表示地理位置上挨着）
sit next to me
坐我旁边
There’s a field/shop next to
our house.
2、Mrs. Rumbold was a large,
unsmiling lady in a tight black dress.
unsmiling表示bad
mix，很难与人融合。unsmiling的反义词为smiling（微笑的，喜气洋洋的）。有些形容词前面可以加上前缀un-来表示相反的意义：comfortable（舒服的）/
uncomfortable（不舒服的），true（真实的）/untrue（不真实的），interesting（有趣的）/
uninteresting（无趣味的，乏味的）。
in在这里表示“穿着、戴着”：
（inquiring for sb.
要找（某人），求见某人）
3、She did not even look up
when I took my seat beside her.
take a seat
坐下，比sit要正式
take one’s seat
表示位置事先已安排好
4、Her eyes were fixed on her
plate and in a short time, she was busy eating.
busy +doing sth.
忙着做某事（doing前可以加in，也可以不加）
5、'A new play is coming to
"The Globe" soon,' I said. 'Will you be seeing
it?'
The new film is coming to
the cinema. / A new play will be on at ‘The
Globe’.
即将上映
The film will be on.
那部电影即将要上映
6、'if you ate more and
talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner!’
在并列句中，相同的句子成分（如主语、谓语、状语等）通常由同一词性的单词/词组表示，并且它们的长度也差不多，以保持句子的平衡性。
【Composition】
1 She
refused to answer any questions. She did not ask any questions.
(not only…but…either)
2 She was
not interested in the theatre. She was not interested in travel.
(neither…nor)
1 She not only refused to
answer question but she did not ask any question either.
=She not only refused to
answer question but ask no question either.
but…as well 可以加肯定也可以加否定 ；
but…either只能加否定
as well, either
在此句中可省略
2 She was interested in
neither the theatre nor travel.
=She was interested neither
in the theatre nor in travel.(更好, 介词短语的并列)
【Key
structures】
第2类条件句（虚拟条件句）
第1类条件句，谈论将有可能发生的事情，并且考虑其将来的真实结果。主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时或其他形式的现在时。
If you help me,I will be
gratefull.
如果你帮我, 我会感激你 (正常语气)
If it rains, I will not go.
正常语气(不一定会去)
第2类条件句，if从句谈论想象的情况（假设与现在事实相反），主句则推测想象的结果。
从句使用一般过去时,
主句使用would+动词原形。尽管第2类条件句使用过去时，却并非指过去的时间，所以，if之后的过去时用法常被称为“非真实的过去”，整个条件句也被称作非真实条件句。
If you helped me,I would be
grateful.
如果你帮了我, 我会感激你(可惜你没有帮我,
我不会感激你)
If it rained,it would not be
hot. 如果下雨,
就不会这么热
If you could make him change
his mind, you would save him a lot of
trouble.
假如你能使他改变主意,
你会使他免了许多麻烦.
如果if从句中的动词是be,
那么应该在第一和第三人称单数名词之后用were。If I were you这种说法经常用于提出建议。
If I were in your position,
I would act differently.
假如我处于你的位置,
我会采取不同的作法.
第2类条件句有时也可代替第1类条件句来描述颇有可能发生的事情，但比第1类条件句较为“无把握”。
第2类条件句经常用来描写完全不可能的事情。
【Special
Difficulties】
Make的用法
及物动词make的原义为“制造”，但它经常用于一些固定的结构，最常见的为make+（冠词）+名词形式：
make progress（取得进步）；make the
bed（铺床）；make conversation（找话题）；make a noise（吵闹）；make a
promise（保证）；make trouble（捣蛋，制造麻烦）； make money（挣钱）； make a
speech（演讲）；make a mistake（犯错误）；make up one's
mind（下定决心，拿定主意）
Do的用法
完全动词do也有一些固定短语：
do one's best（尽最大努力）；do
one's homework（做作业）；do sb. a favour（帮忙）；do a job（干家务）；do
work（做家务）；do exercise（做练习）；do
business（做生意）
do还可以与动名词连用：do some
shopping（买东西，购物）；do swimming（游泳）；do some reading
（读书）
【Multiple choice
questions】
4 She
asked me to sit next to Mrs. Rumbold.‘___c___next to her,’she
said.
a. Please to sit
b. To sit c. Please sit
d. Please sitting
ask sb. to do sth.
祈使句, 以动词原形为标志
5 I took
my seat beside her. I___a___ beside her.
a. sat b. seated
c. was sitted d. was
seating
seat一定要加宾语, 如果后面没宾语,
就用seat的被动语态(及物动词) : seat yourself / be seated是及物动词，sit是不及物动词,
没有被动语态, 后面不能加宾语，坐下：sit down
9 Her eyes
were fixed on the plate. She ___b___it.
a. was glancing at b. was
staring at c. was thinking
about d. was stuck
to
stuck to
粘在……上面
glance at
扫了一眼 (glance
[])
I glanced at it but I didn't
pick it up.
stare at = fix one's eyes on
盯着看 (stare
[])
look at
从头来看
see
看见
watch
vt. 观看(看活动的)
watch TV / watch sb.
doing
notice
强调的是眼睛的注意, 看一些别人不太注意的事情
glimpse of / have a glimpse
of 瞥了一眼
catch sight of= see
看见
I can catch sight of the
bird.
be in sight
看见
read
v. 阅读(看与文字有关的东西)
read loudly, read aloud
大声朗读, 汉语中的读
go through
浏览
12 Are you
enjoying your dinner? Is it ___d___?
a. enjoying you b. amusing
you
c. entertaining you
d. giving you pleasure
enjoy sth.
表示在后者当中得到了一种享受
enjoy 主语是人 enjoy
oneself
sth. amuse
好笑
entertain sb.
娱乐
amuse,entertain后面会加人
entertainment
[]
n. 款待, 娱乐, 娱乐表演
Lesson 41
Do you call that a hat?
rude adj.
无礼的
mirror n.
镜子
hole n.
孔
remark v.
评说
remind v.
提醒
lighthouse
n. 灯塔
★rude
adj. 无礼的（强调故意的）
impolite
adj. 不礼貌，表示没有注意到礼节性的问题,
所以显得有些不礼貌（polite的反义词，以p开头的形容词的否定前缀为im）
cheeky
adj. 无礼,
没礼貌的（表示小孩对长辈）
Don’t be cheeky!
不得无礼!
naive []
adj. 天真的
★mirror
n. 镜子
look at oneself in the
mirror 照镜子
look up sth. in the
dictionary 查字典
mirrot of…
……的写照，……的真实反映
His novel is a mirror of his
time.
他的小说就是他那个时代的真实写照
★hole
n. 孔
hole in+地点
……（地方）有个洞
★remark
v. 评说
remark主要指说, 当say
来理解
★remind
v. 提醒
① vt. 提醒
remind sb. of sth. / remind
sb. to do sth. / remind sb. that…
提醒某人做某事
② vt. 使……想起
The smell of cabbage reminds
me of school. 卷心菜的气味使我想起了学校。
She reminds me of her
sister.
reminder
n. 提醒物
【Text】
'Do you call that a hat?' I
said to my wife.
'You needn't be so rude
about it,' my wife answered as she looked at herself in the
mirror.
I sat down on one of those
modern chairs with holes in it and waited. We had been in the hat
shop for half an hour and my wife was still in front of the
mirror.
'We mustn't buy things we
don't need,' I remarked suddenly. I regretted saying it almost at
once.
'You needn't have said
that,' my wife answered. 'I needn't remind you of that terrible tie
you bought yesterday.'
'I find it beautiful,' I
said. 'A man can never have too many ties.'
'And a woman can't have too
many hats,' she answered.
Ten minutes later we walked
out of the shop together. My wife was wearing a hat that looked
like a lighthouse!
参考译文
“你把那个叫帽子吗?”
我对妻子说.
“你说话没必要这样不客气,
“我的妻子边回答边照着镜子.
我坐在一个新式的满是网眼儿的椅子上, 等待着.
我们在这家帽店已经呆了半个小时了, 而我的妻子仍在镜子面前.
“我们不应该买我们不需要的东西, “我突然发表意见说,
但马上又后悔说了这话.
“你没必要这么说, “我妻子回答说,
“我也不必提醒你昨天买的那条糟糕透了的领带. “
“我觉得它好看, “我说, “男人有多少领带也不会嫌多.
“
“女人有多少帽子也不嫌多.
“她回答.
10分钟以后, 我们一道走出了商店.
我妻子戴着一顶像灯塔一样的帽子.
【课文讲解】
1、Do you call that a
hat?
“Do you call that
+（冠词）+名词”这个结构可以表达一种轻蔑的含义：
2、You needn't be so rude
about it.
be rude about sth.
对事很粗鲁
be rude to sb.
对人很粗鲁
Don't be rude to me.
别对我这么粗鲁
3、I sat down on one of those
modern chairs with holes in it and waited.
on the chair
在椅子上
with holes in it
作定语
Jane put a piece of paper
with her name and address on it into a bottle.
4、We had been in the hat
shop for half an hour and my wife was still in front of the
mirror.
名词修饰名词,
一般用单数：bookstore书店，drugstore药店,
5、I regretted saying it
almost at once.
regret doing sth./名词/that从句
后悔已经做了某事，表示对做过的事感到遗憾
regret to do sth.
表示对现在或将来要做的事感到对不起、遗憾，比be sorry to do
sth.要正式：
6、'You needn't have said
that,' my wife answered. 'I needn't remind you of that terrible tie
you bought yesterday.'
needn't have done
原本不必做,
但是做了, 强调过去的动作不必做
You needn't have bought it.
你原本不必买的
You needn’t have come.
你原本不必来的。
needn't do
现在的动作也不必做
You needn’t come.
你不必来。
remind sb. of sth.
提醒某人想起某事
7、'I find it beautiful,' I
said.
动词find经常用于“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”这种结构：
8、A man can never have too
many ties.
can never…too…＝cannot…too…
无论……也不为过
A man can never have too
many ties.
再多的领带对一个男人来说也不为过（男人有多少领带也不会嫌多）。
I can never thank you too
much.
感激不尽。
Drinking water can never be
too clean.
饮用水越干净越好。
A wife can never complain
too much.
妻子怎么罗嗦也不为过。
You can’t be too careful in
doing your work.
你工作越小心越好。
【Key
structures】
Must, Have (got) to and
Need
情态动词must（必须，不得不）的否定式
mustn't（不能、不准），must还可用于表示推测：
① 对现在和将来的推测：must
+动词用原形
② 对正在发生的事情的推测：must be
doing
③ 对过去的推测：must have
done
④ 对过去正在发生的事情的推测：must have
been doing
用must的一般疑问句可以用must/have
to或needn’t来回答，而不用mustn’t：
No, you
needn’t.
mustn’t表示绝对禁止，在说话人看来，根本没选择余地：
“不必要”可用needn’t，don’t have
to来表示：
needn’t = don’t have
to
needn’t have done = didn’t
have to
英语中的need有两种词性，一个是普通动词（需要），一种是情态动词。need的否定形式对应也有两种：
needn't 不必（情态动词need的否定）； don't need
不需要（普通动词need的否定）。
need I...?(情态) / do I
need...? 实义动词
在实义动词后面再加一个实义动词, 就在后面加to
do
Need I go out? = Do I need
to go out?
我需要出去吗?
情态动词后面不能直接用名词做宾语，实义动词后面可以直接加名词, 故need 后面如是名词,
则这个need 为实义动词
例 : He__c__follow me
.
a doesn’t need
b needn’t to c didn’t need to
d needs
情态动词need后接动词原形，但只用于否定和疑问句，肯定句用must，have
to，ought to或should。
need用于疑问句时，问者往往希望得到否定的回答：
用need的一般疑问句的肯定形式的回答可以用must/had
to，否定形式的回答可以用needn’t：
表示必要时，must的语气比need要强：
这种句型可用来表示说话人让对方选择或允许对方可以不做某事的主观意图。它的完成式和过去式分别为needn’t
have，didn’t have to和didn’t need to：
need doing sth.
需要被做（用主动表达被动含义）
① 这里need属于实义动词,
动词ing相当于名词来理解
② 有时态和人称变化,否定式为: don’t need
doing
③ need doing 表达被动含义, 如: Your
shoes need washing. 你的鞋子需(被)洗了
另外want
doing也是用主动表示被动含义，它们的主语一定是物, 不是人
Your hair needs
cuting.
need to be
done---主语是人,也可以是物
对比 mustn't和
needn't：
You musn’t read it bed. It’s
bad for your eyes.
（be bad for…
对……有害）
Smoking is bad for your
health.
抽烟有害你的健康
You mustn't make a noise.
The children are asleep. 你不应吵闹,
孩子们都睡了.
You needn't drive so
quickly. We have plenty of time.
你不必开得那么快,
我们有足够的时间.
=You don't have to(haven't
got to) drive so quickly. We have plenty of time.
You mustn't smoke in a
theatre. It is forbidden. 你不应该在剧场里抽烟,
这是不允许的.
You needn't come with us if
you don't want to. 如果你不想去,
你不必和我们一道去.
=You don't have to (haven't
got to) come with us if you don't want to.
【Special
Difficulties】
Remark, Observe and
Notice
remark与observe都可以表示“说，评论说”，它们比say要正式：
‘You’re looking very
well!’She remarked/observed.
notice和observe都可以表示“注意到，察觉到”，但有一定区别。notice指无意中“察觉到”；observe则可以指有意观察、仔细地看，比notice更正式：
He observed me carefully.
(He looked at me.)
他仔细地看着我.
Did you notice how she was
dressed? 你注意到她的穿戴了吗?
make rude remark / call
one's name / say F words (F 指 fuck) 讲粗话，骂人
He made a lot of rude
remarks about the hat she was wearing.
fail to do sth.
没有能够
not fail to
表示强烈地肯定
I had changed the furniture
round that you can not fail to notict it.
我已经把周围的家具都换了。
【Multiple choice
questions】
3 Do you
have to buy this hat? No, I___c___. It isn't
necessary.
a. mustn't
b. won't
c. needn't
d. don't need
Do you have to...?
Yes, I do … / No, I don't …
/ No,I don't have to do sth.
mustn't不准
don't have to 不必
=needn’t
must＝have
to必须
英文中要么助动词之后所有的东西都省略,
要么省到不定式标志, “don’t need to” 也对
Would you like to do sth?
Yes, I'd like to. / No,I
don't / No,I don't need to. (to 不能省略)
Do you want to go to school?
Yes,I do. / Yes,I want
to.
Would you like to see the
menu? Yes, I'd like to.
(后接动词)
Would you like some bananas?
Yes, I’d like.
(后接名词)
Do you need the hat?
No, I don’t need.
（不能为“I
needn’t”，情态动词不能直接接名词“hat”）
7 A man
can never have too many ties. It's ___b___.
a. unable
b. impossible
c. improbable
d. incapable
can never ＝can't
不可能
be able/unable to do sth.
(unable [] adj.不能的, 不会的)
impossible
不可能
improbable
不太可能
probably
很有可能
incapable []
adj.无能力的, 不能的
be capable of / be incapable
of
8 She
looked in the mirror and saw her ___a___.
a. reflection
b. idol
c. imagination
d. picture
reflection []
n.反射, 映象, 倒影, 反省, 沉思, 反映（reflect
v. 发射）
idol []
n.偶像, 崇拜物, 幻象, [逻]谬论
imagination []
n.想象, 空想, 想象的事物, 想象力, 听觉
picture n.
照片, 图象
11 His
wife was wearing a hat. She ___c___.
a. was dressing it
b. was putting it on
c. had it on
d.was carrying
it
wear/dress/put on/have
on穿
wear
穿着（强调状态）
dress sb.
给某人穿衣服（强调动作）
put on
穿上（强调动作）
have sth. on
穿着（强调状态) (have……on 让……东西在……上面 )
in a green
coat
She is in a green
coat.
be
in+衣服(状态)
12 It
looked like a lighthouse. It ___b___a lighthouse.
a. appeared similar
b. resembled
c. matched
d.likened
match
与……相配
liken []
vt.把……比作
compare/liken sth to another
thing 把前者比作后者
We liken the hat to a
lighthouse.
resemble []
vt. 象, 类似
a resemble
b
appear 显得
It appeared similar to a
lighthouse.
similar
与……相似
be similar to (to
不能少)
Lesson 42
Not very musical
musical
adj. 精通音乐的
market n.
市场，集市
snake charmer
玩蛇者（通常借音乐控制）
pipe
n.（吹奏的）管乐器
tune n.
曲调
glimpse
n. 一瞥
snake n.
蛇
movement
n. 动作
continue
v. 继续
dance v.
跳舞
obviously
adv. 显然
difference
n. 差别
Indian
adj. 印度的
★market
n. 市场，集市
① n. 市场，集市
We had a long walk through
one of the markets of Old Delhi.
我们穿过旧德里的一个市场时走了很长一段路。
②
n.（商品的）市场，销路，需求（可数名词）
market for…
……市场
The foreign markets for
apple this year are not as good as last year.
Can you find a market for
these shoes?
你能给这些鞋找到销路吗？
★pipe
n.（吹奏的）管乐器
pipe
n. 两头通的东西, 如下水管道,
老爸的烟斗,或一节两头通的竹子都可以叫pipe
★glimpse
n. 一瞥
have a glimpse of
瞥了一眼，映入眼帘(犹如汉语中的“惊鸿一瞥”)
(无意识的看)
glance at []
扫了一眼(有意识)
★movement
n. 动作
move
v. 移动（movement的动词）
action
v. 采取行动
★continue
v. 继续
begin/start/continue to do
sth.
begin/start/continue doing
sth.
I continue (to go)/going
on.
continue
+sth.
Let's continue our
trip.
Let's continue our
journey.
★dance []
v. 跳舞
dance to the music
随着音乐跳舞（固定搭配，用“to”）
★obviously
adv.
显然
obviously=clearly
Obviously you are
wrong.
Obviously I love
you.
★difference
n. 差别
tell the difference between
A and B
区别差异
Can you tell the difference
between them?
different
adj. 不同的
be different from
与……不同
A is different from B
differ
vi. 不一致，不同
【Text】
As we had had a long walk
through one of the markets of old Delhi, we stopped at a square to
have a rest. After a time, we noticed a snake charmer with two
large baskets at the other side of the square, so we went to have a
look at him. As soon as he saw us, he picked up a long pipe which
was covered with coins and opened one of the baskets. When he began
to play a tune, we had our first glimpse of the snake. It rose out
of the basket and began to follow the movements of the pipe. We
were very much surprised when the snake charmer suddenly began to
play jazz and modern pop songs. The snake, however, continued to
'dance' slowly. It obviously could not tell the difference between
Indian music and jazz!
参考译文
当我们穿过旧德里的市场时走了很长一段路,
我们在一个广场上停下来休息. 过了一会儿, 我们注意到广场的那一边有一个带着两个大筐的耍蛇人, 于是就走过去看看. 他一见我们,
就拿起了一个长长的上面镶有硬币的管乐器, 并掀开了一个筐的盖子. 当他开始吹奏一支曲子时, 我们才第一次看到那条蛇.
它从筐里探出身子, 随着乐器的摆动而扭动. 当耍蛇人突然又吹奏起爵士乐和现代流行乐曲时, 我们感到非常惊奇. 然而那蛇却还是缓慢地
“舞动” 着. 显然, 它分辨不出印度音乐和爵士乐!
【课文讲解】
1、As we had had a long walk
through one of the markets of old Delhi, we stopped at a square to
have a rest.
stop to do sth.
停下其他活动去做不定式表示的动作
stop doing sth.
停止做某事
2、When he began to play a
tune, we had our first glimpse of the snake.
play a tune（tune 可数名词）；play
music（music 不可数名词）
have/get/catch a (first)
glimpse of…
一瞥，一看
take a glimpse at
瞥见
at the first sight
一见钟情
I love you at the first
sight of you.
3、It rose out of the basket
and began to follow the movements of the
pipe.
rise（rose，risen）
vi. 升
raise（raised，raised）
vt.
提高
4、We were very much
surprised when the snake charmer suddenly began to play jazz and
modern pop songs.
很少用very much 放在一起修饰surprise,
一般用very surprised 或 most surprised
5、It obviously could not
tell the difference between Indian music and jazz!
tell表示“辨别、分辨、识别”时常与can，could，be able
to连用。表达这些意义时，tell可以单独使用，也可以与from构成词组：
My son can already tell the
difference between beer and wine.
=My son can already tell
beer from wine.
我儿子已经能分辨出啤酒和葡萄酒了。
表示两者之间的“差别、差异”时常用difference
between：
有些情况下也可以不跟between：
【Key
structures】
“have
+名词”代替普通动词
“have
+名词”代替普通动词表示“完成该动作”：have a bath=bathe ；have a swim=swim；have a
walk=walk；have a look=look；have a rest=rest；have a
smell=smell等，类似的动词有dance，fight，ride，talk，sleep，wash：
一个动词的后面会加介词(如果这个动词是不及物动词)，动词能加什么样的介词，名词也可以加什么样的介词：
look at->have a look at；
walk across->have a walk across
succeed in doing sth.->
be successful in->success in
【Special
difficulties】
Pick的用法
pick up
拿起、捡起；意外地找到；（偶然地）学会；开车去接
He picked up a long pipe
which was covered with coins.
（拿起）
The bicycle was picked up in
a small village. （意外找到）
pick sb. up
（顺路）接某人（meet sb.+地点
专程接）
I'll pick you up in the car
this evening.
今晚我开车来接你.
pick up a lot of English
=learn a lot of English
I picked up a lot of English
while I was in England. (I
learnt.)
在英国的时候,
我学到了不少英语.
pick up the radio program =
the program on the radio
在广播上收听节目
pick out
挑出，选出，辩认出
There are so many beautiful
cards on display, I can't pick out the ones I like
best.
(I can't choose.)
陈列着那么多漂亮的明信片, 我挑不出最喜欢的.
Look at these photos and see
if you can pick out my mother.
【Multiple choice
questions】
2 The
snake probably ‘danced’___d___.
a. by listening to the
Indian music b. by listening to the jazz
c. by looking at the snake
charmer
d. by following the
movements of the snake charmer's pipe
by doing
通过做某事,通过某种方式
I show him my respect by
sending him flowers. 我通过向他送花来表示我对他的尊重
by train
乘火车
by the river
沿着河边
by the end of…
到……时候为止
3 We
stopped at a square ___d___have a rest.
a. so to b. in order c. in
order that d. in order to
so as to
为了，表示目的
不存在“so
to”
in order
在秩序中, 有秩序的, 有次序的, 整洁的, 整齐的
Keep your room in
order
in order to do sth.
为了……
in order that+从句
为了……
7 It could
not tell the difference between Indian music and jazz. It
___d___.
a. might not
b. may not
c. must not
d. wasn't
able to
might not = may not 可能不 ≠
can’t / couldn’t
不能
must not
不准
wasn't able to = can’t
=couldn’t 不能
【语法精粹】
1. Julie went to
the___C___to buy a pair of shoes.
A.shoes store B.shoe's store
C.shoe store D.shoes' store
表示类别的商店，用单数名词修饰
2.As a safety precaution,all
city cab drivers carry only enough money to make change for
a___A__bill.
A.ten-dollar B.ten-dollars
C.tens-dollar D.ten-dollar's
cab drivers(美语)=taxi
drivers(英式)
bill纸币
有连字符连接的单词没有复数,连字符单词做定语,不会加
“’s”
3.Recently,he has lost all
his__D__at cards.
A.wage and saving B.wages
and saving
C.wage and savings D.wages
and savings
wage 薪水（可数）；saving
积蓄（可数）
4.I
want___C__.
A.a dollar worth candy
B.candy a dollar's
worth
C.a dollar's worth of candy
D.a dollar worth's candy
a dollar's worth of…
价值……钱的东西
5.The surroundings a child
grows up in usually __A__an effect on his
development.
A.have B.had C.do
D.has
have an effect on…
对……有效果
grow up 成长
in 连接作用
the surroundings 做主语
(surroundings [] n.
环境)，a child grows up 定语从句修饰 “the
surroundings”
孩子成长的环境常常对他的发展有影响.
用一般现在时
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