高考英语常见词汇辨析题400题之21-25
21. The policeman stopped
him when he was driving home and _____ him of
speeding.
A.
charged B.
accused C.
blamed D.
deprived
[答案] B.
accused.
[注释]
accuse
sb. of... 控告某人犯有......,
warn
sb. of警告、告戒某人有......
blame
sb for sth
deprive
sb. of sth.剥夺某人某事。
charge
sb. with murder (指控某人犯有杀人罪) 。
- The police accused him of
murder.警方指控他谋杀。
- The police accused him of
stealing.警方控告他犯有盗窃罪。
- They blamed the secretary
for the delay of the plan.他们怪罪秘书造成计划延误。
- He was charged with
stealing a car.他被指控偷了一辆汽车。
- She was deprived of
schooling at ten.她10岁时就失学了。
- Sickness deprived me of
the pleasure of meeting you.疾病使得我未能和你经常欢聚。
22.
Mr. Smith gradually _____ a knowledge of the
subject.
A.
attained B.
achieved C.
required D.
acquired
[答案] D.
acquired.
[注释]acquired (=gain for
oneself by skill or ability, by one's own efforts or behavior)
(由技术、能力、努力或行为) 获得; 得到：
He has
acquired a good command of English language.
(他已精通英语。)
achieve, vt. 取得 (胜利、成功等) , 实现 (目标、目的等) 。
attain,
vt. 达到 (目的等) , 取得 (成就等) ：
1) I
hope you will attain your object.
(我希望你会达到你的目的。)
2) He
attained success through hard work.
23. This is the _____
piano on which the composer created some of his greatest
works.
A.
actual B.
genuine C.
real D.
original
[答案] A.
actual [注释]本题中actual (=existing
in fact, not imaginary) 实际使用过的。
actual, read, genuine是同义词,
有时可以互换, 如：
an actual (or real) event
in history, (历史上的真实事件) ,
real (or
genuine) banknotes (真钞票),
其反义词是false (假的) ; original
(原来的) , 其反义词是duplicate (复制的) 。
从不同的角度看, 似乎任何一个选择都说得过去, 但按照题意选A. actual 最佳, 因为题中强调的不是钢琴的真假,
而是指作曲家“实际使用过的”。
本题译文：这是作曲家创作他的一些杰出作品时实际使用过的那台钢琴。
24. My camera can be _____
to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions.
A.
treated B.
adopted C.
adjusted D.
remedied
[答案] C.
adjusted. [注释]adjust (=arrange, put in order or agreement; make
suitable or convenient for use) 强调, 调节, 使适应;
The
body adjusts itself to change of temperature.
(身体能自行调节以适应温度的变化。)
My eyes
have not been adjusted to dark yet.
(我的眼睛还没有适应黑暗。)
本句中adjust是不及物动词。
I
must adjust my watch. It's slow.
(我必须调一下我的表。它走得慢了。)
25. According to the
psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, wisdom comes from the _____ of
maturity.
A.
fulfillment
B.
achievement
C.
establishment
D. accomplishment
[答案] B.
achievement
[注释]achievement
(=something successfully finished or gained especially through
skill and hard work) 取得, 达到, 成就。例如：
achievement
age智力成熟年龄。
fulfilment (=the act of
fulfilling or condition of being fulfilled) 履行,
实行。如：
He was
willing to face any hardship in fulfilment of his duties.
(他愿意迎向困难去履行他得职责。)
establishment
建立,建设。Accomplishment (顺利) 完成：
It was
a great accomplishment to finish the house cleaning in two days.
(两天内打扫完这栋屋子是件很了不起的事。)
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