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1. Board meeting (14205119)

(the meeting held by a company’s board of directors)董事会n.

【例】The company holds board meeting every month, and all the directors attend it.

 

2. Commodity (14205119)

(something that you buy and sell)商品n.

【例】Salt was once a very valuable commodity.

 

3. Distribute (14205119)

1) (to give things to a number of people; to divide something up and give the parts to people or place them in various positions)分配；分派v.

【例】Protesters were distributing leaflets in the street.

Tickets will be distributed to all club members.

Make sure that the weight is evenly distributed.

2) (to transport and supply something to various people or places)运送v.

【例】They distributed emergency food supplies to the areas that were most in need.

[distributor: a person or a company that transports and supplies goods to a number of shops companies]

 

4. Inventory (14205119)

(the stork a company has at a particular time; a detailed list, eg of all the furniture in a house)存货；存货清单n.

【例】ACT’s profit of more than 10 m pound in 1985 turned into a loss of 15 m pound in 1986, as the company abandoned its inventory.

 

5. Program (14205119)

n.

1)（a show or other item that is broadcast on the radio or TV）电台或电视节目

【例】Do you want to watch the program on 8 o’clock?

2) (a plan of things to do; a scheme)计划；程序

【例】What’s your program today?

3) (a little book or piece of paper which you get at a play, concert, etc that gives you information about what you are going to see)戏剧、音乐会等的节目表

v.

(to make somebody or something work or act automatically in a particular way )使按某方式自动工作或运作

【例】The lights are programmed to come on as soon as it gets dark.

 

6. Soar/ Stagnate/Slump (14205119)

Soar

1) (to fly high in the air)高飞 v.

【例】There were sea birds soaring overhead.

2) (to rise very fast)快速上升 v.

【例】The plane soared into the air.

Prices are soaring because of inflation.

 

Stagnate

(to be inactive; not to develop or change)停滞不前 v.

【例】The country took a lot of measures when its economy stagnated.

 

Slump

v.

1) (to fall or sit down suddenly when your body feels heavy and weak, usually because you are tried or ill)猛然倒下/坐下（因身体疲惫或不适）

【例】Her face went very white, and then suddenly she slumped over the table.

2) (to fall suddenly and by a large amount)暴跌

【例】Shares in BP slumped 33p to 181p yesterday.

n.

1) (a sudden large fall in trade, the value of something, etc)暴跌

a slump in house prices

2) (a period when a country ‘s economy is doing very badly and there is a lot of unemployment)经济不景气/萧条期

 

7. spot (14205120)

1) place:

【例】We walked along the beach looking for a spot to sit.

2) Mark:

【例】There are a lot of grease spots on the shirt.

3) Position:

【例】Team A earned a spot in the semi-finals.

4) Advertisement:

【例】A 30-second spot on the local radio station costs **.

5） Notice:

【例】Meg spotted someone coming out of the building.

6) Recognize:

【例】Island Records were the first to spot his potential.

7)  现货的，即期的：

spot and forward prices即期与远期价格                              

spot exchange transactions即期外汇业务                                   

spot rate of exchange即期外汇汇率

    

Phrases:

⑴guest spot 特邀嘉宾栏目

⑵on the spot立即

【例】He bought the car on the spot.

⑶be on the spot在现场

【例】As the man on the spot, Mike was in a position to take vital decisions.

⑷weak spot不足，偏爱

【例】He’d look at my work and immediately find every weak spot.

⑸put sb on the spot故意使某人处于难堪地位

【例】Reporters put the governor on the spot with questions about his involvement in the bribery scandal.

⑹bright spot亮点

【例】Being able to visit my folks was the one bright spot of the vacation.

⑺not change your spots不改本性

⑻high point/spot最精彩部分

【例】Our visit to the Great Canyon was the high spot of our vacation.

⑼hot spot多事地区，热点

⑽be rooted to the spot呆若木鸡

⑾have a soft spot for偏爱

 

8. payroll (14205120)

1)发薪员工表: be on the payroll 被雇用

2)工资发放总额

payroll tax 薪金税

 

9. launch (14205120)

v.

1) start sth: launch a campaign/appeal/inquiry

2) 发行: It was a party to launch her new novel.

3) 使船下水

4) 发射:

【例】A test satellite was launched from Cape Canaveral.

5) Launch out:

【例】He left his father’s company and launched out into his own business.

n.

1)投放市场

2)游艇

 

10. sortie (14205120)

1) an attack出击

2) a short trip短程旅行:

【例】We made a sortie from our hotel to the open-air market.

3) An attempt at doing sth尝试，探索:

【例】The article marked my first sortie into print.

 

11. margin (14205120)

1)页边: in the margin

【例】She scribbled some notes in the margin.

2)差数: by a wide(narrow) margin

【例】The election was won by a margin of only 200 votes.

3)利润，保证金

【例】margin call 追加保证金通知

margin rate 保证金率

profit margin 盈利率

4) on the margins处于边缘:

【例】Unemployed youths live on the margins of society.

5)      margin of error误差值

 

Language Focus

1. exclusive (14205121)

1) for people who are wealthy and of a high social class 高级的，奢华的

【例】It is one of London’s most exclusive hotels.这是伦敦最高级的旅馆之一。

2)limited to use by one particular person or group 专用的，独家的。

【例】This bathroom is for the President’s exclusive use.这间浴室是总统专用的。

3) unable to exist together(used of two things) 不能共存的（指两件东西）

【例】The two plans are mutually exclusive.这两项计划无法共存。

4)      not including 不包括

【例】The hotel charges 45 pounds a day, exclusive of meals.这旅馆一天收费45英镑，不包括膳食。

5) a newspaper story given to or printed by only one newspaper   n.独家新闻、报道

【例】The news is our exclusive.这是我们的独家新闻。

词组：exclusive agency 独家代理

      exclusive dealings 独家经营

      exclusive distribution 独家销售

      exclusive economic zone 专属经济区

      exclusive event 互斥事件

      exclusive law 专利法

      exclusive licence 专用许可证

      exclusive sales 包销

 

2. delegate (14205121)

1)a person chosen to represent a group of people   n.代表

2)to give someone part or all of your power, rights, or duties for a certain time   v.将（权利、职责）委托给（某人）；授权给

【例】Part of the art of management is knowing when to delegate. 管理的艺术之一是适时用人。

3) to appoint someone to do a particular job 指派，选派（某人）

【例】I’ve been delegated to organize the weekly meetings. 我被指派组织每周举行的例会。

 

3. stimulate (14205121)

1) to make something become more active or develop more quickly 刺激，促进

【例】Light stimulates plant growth. 光能促进植物生长。

2)      to fill someone with new ideas and interest 鼓励，激励（某人）

【例】Going back to college has really stimulated her.重返大学给了她莫大的鼓励。

3) to make a part of someone’s body move or behave in a particular way 刺激（身体某部分以某种方式活动）

【例】It’s a chemical which stimulates the production of hormones. 这是一种能刺激体内产生荷尔蒙的化学品。

 

4. compensate (14205121)

1) to give someone money for a loss, damage, or inconvenience 补偿；赔偿

【例】He was compensated for his loss of earnings.他由于丧失收入而得到补偿。

2) find something to remove the bad effects of something 弥补某物

【例】You should take some professional training or find an associate who can compensate for some of your weaknesses.你最好接受专业培训或者找一个同伴来弥补你的不足。

 

5. pedestrian (14205121)

1) a person walking in a street, and not traveling in a vehicle 行人

2) not interesting or unusual or having much imagination 平凡的；缺乏想象力的

【例】He was rather a pedestrian student.他是个相当平凡的学生。

词组：pedestrian bridge 人行天桥

      pedestrian subway 地下人行道

 

 

14205118 施燕

1.Public limited companies(UK) /or close corporations(US):股份有限公司

eg: Public limited company (plc) is the most common form of business structure owned by a number of shareholders who are usually elected to become directors of a board .

 

Expressions of Limited:有限的

limited annuity定期年金   

limited audit有限审计

limited availability (1)限制供应 (2)印数有限, 售完为止

limited check 限额支票

limited circulation限制发行, 销路不广的报刊

limited combat gasoline航空汽油 

limited coupon利息兑换券

limited divorce夫妻法定分居

limited edition发行额有限的限定版(通常为装订精美者)

limited express (火车,汽车等的)特别快车

limited franchise 有期特许

limited function wholesaler 有限功能批发商

limited liability [商]有限责任 

limited parterner [商]有限责任股东

limited partnership有限合伙, 普通合股公司

limited monarchy君主立宪政体

limited payment policy 限期缴纳保险单

limited policy [商]有限赔偿保险单

limited production 小批生产 

limited range 有限范围

limited review (1)限制性审计 (2)中间财务报表审计

limited speed zone 规定速度区  

limited supply限制供应

limited voting stock 有限表决权股

 

2.Sole Trader(UK) or Sole Proprietor(US and UK):个体经营者

eg: Sole Trader is the simplest way of starting a business in which you are self-employed and entirely responsible for all aspects of the management of the business.

 

Related words and expressions:

Proprietor:所有者, 经营者

proprietorial 所有(权)的   proprietorship所有权

proprietorship account (1)业主帐户 (2)所有主帐户

proprietorship accounting 业主会计

proprietorship bookkeeping 企业主簿记

proprietorship certificate 所有权证明书

Sole: 单独的, 唯一的

sole agency 独家经理[经营]  sole agency rights独家经销权

sole agent 包销人, 独家代[经]理, 独家经销商

sole arbitrator 独任仲裁员

sole corporation 独资公司； 单独［一］法人

sole distributor 独家发行人, 独家经销商

sole licence 独家许可

sole proprietorship 独资(经营)

sole representative 独家代理(人)

sole right 独占权

 

3.Partnership:合伙制（企业）

eg: They have come into partnership with each other since the foundation of the company.

 

Expressions of partner

partner with与...做伙伴=come into partnership with

partnership bookkeeping 合伙组织簿记

partnership firm 合伙商店

partnership income合伙(经营)收入

partnership teachers合伙教师(两名半日教师作为一名全日教师用)

　

4.Private limited companies(UK) /or open corporations(US):（公开招股的）股份公司

eg:Private limited company always has Ltd after its company name.

 

Expressions about Private:私人的, 私有的, 私营的, 秘密的

private account 私人帐户

private accountant 专任会计人员, 私用会计师

private act 有关个人[团体、公司等]利害的法案

private affair leave 事假

private agency 私人机构

private audit 不公开审计(英国习惯用语, 指委托人指定委托的审计)

private automatic exchange 自动小交换机

private branch exchange final selector 专用交换机终接器

private capital 私人资本

private car 私人汽车

private classroom 专用教室

private college [美]私立学院

private company 私人公司，股权不公开公司

private consumption 个人［私人］消费

private costs 企业成本

private credit 私人信用

private development corporation 私营开发公司

private direct foreign investment 私人直接外国投资

private education (1)私人办学 (2)私人教育

private hotel 内部旅馆，内部招待所

private household 私人经济

private interest 私人利益

private offering 债券的直接销售(即将债券全部售与法团投资人而不公开出售)

private owership of productive means [经济]生产资料私有制

private ownership 私人[个人]所有制

private placement 发行债券时的直接销售(将债券全部售予法团投资人)

private procurement 私人采购

private property 私有财产, 私有制

private responsibility 个人责任

private sector 私营成分,私营部门

private subscription 私人认股

private trust fund 私人信托基金

private view (展览在公开展出前的招待性的)预展

privateundertaking私营企业

privatize使归私有,使私人化 n. privatization

 

5.incorporate 合并, 使组成公司

eg: We'll incorporate your suggestion in the new plan.

 

Related words and expressions

incorporate with 混合, 合并

Incorporated 组成公司的,合成一体的

incorporated accountant 入会[会员]会计师

incorporated college (与企业合办的)合作大学

incorporated company 股份有限公司

incorporated foundation 财团法人

incorporating language 合成语, 多式综合语

Incorporation 形成法人组织, 组成公司(或社团)

incorporation of a partnership 合伙企业改组为股份公司

incorporation procedures 公司设立手续

Incorporative  adj.合并的,有结合倾向的

Incorporator  n.合并者, 法人创立者