二、were型虚拟式
例句1.I wish I
knew how to operate the electronic computer now.
我真希望现在就了解如何操作电子计算机。
were型虚拟式是指不论主语是什么人称，动词一律用were的虚拟式。were型虚拟式用于wish后的that分句中，表示与现在事实相反的主观设想或愿望，用一般过去时形式；如果wish表示的是过去事实相反的主观愿望或设想，则用过去完成形式；若果表示与将来事实相反的主观愿望或设想，则用“would/should+动词原形”。又如：
I wish i had started to study English years ago.
我真希望几年前就开始学习英语。
I wish the rain would stop soon.
但愿雨快停。
例句2.If there
were no steel,there would be no trains,cars or planes.
如果没有钢，就不会有火车、汽车和飞机。
由if引导的分句表示对现在时间状态的假设，主句要用“should/would/could+动词原形”，条件句用“过去式或were”。
例句3.If I had
known her telephone number,I would have called her.
由if引导的分句表示对过去时间状况的主管设想或愿望。主句中用“should/would/could+have+-ed分词”，条件句中则用“had+-ed分词”。
例句4.If I got rich someday in the future,I would buy a luxury
car.
如果将来有一天我发财了，我会买一辆豪华汽车。
由if引导的分句表示对将来时间状况的一种主管设想或愿望。主句中用“should+动词原形”或“were
to+动词原形”或“过去式”。
注意：在现代英语中，were型虚拟式在单数第一、三人称主语之后，were逐渐为was所代替。例如：
She looks as if she were/was drunk.
I wish I were/was stronger.
例句5.He talks as if he knew
everything.
As if，as
though引导的分句表示让步。该句表示的是对现在时间状况的假设（还可以引导对过去状况或将来时间状况的假设，其表达形式与if引导的were型虚拟式相同）如：
He talks as if he had known Jane since
childhood.
他谈起话来似乎从小就认识简。
The old man talks and acts as if he might not
live long.
这老人言行似乎不久人世。
例句6.Suppose that your friends
knew how you are behaveing here,what would they think?
“Suppose
that...”和“Imagine
that...”引导的分句表示对现在时间状况的一种假设。这种情况下，条件句一般用过去时形式，主句则用“would/should
ect.+动词原形”。
例句7.But for his help,wouldn't
have finished the work.
要不是他帮助我，我就完成不了工作。
句中But
for引导的条件句，相当于“If he hadn't helped
me”，表示对过去时间的假设，意为“要不是”，故主句用“wouldn't+have+-ed分词”。
例句8.Even if he were wrong,you
shouldn't treat him like that.
就算他错了，你也不应该那样对待他。
Even
if（even though）引导的分句表示让步，应用虚拟式表示。如：
Even though
i were as rich as you,I would not do such a thing.
即使我像你一样富有，我也绝不会做那事。
例句9.If only we hadn't made any
mistake in calculations!
要是我们在计算上没出任何错误就好了！
If
only引导的分句是与事实相反的假设或愿望，相当于“It would be/have
been good if...”，意为“要是...该多好啊！”。
例句10.Please don't come this
afternoon,I would rather you came tomorrow.
今天下午别来了，我宁愿你明天来。
Would
rather引导的分句在本句里表示对将来情况的一种主观愿望，其分句中的谓语动词用一般过去时形式来表达。
例句11.It's time that we got in
the crops.
是到该收割庄稼的时候了。
“It's time
that...”这一结构属虚拟式，其分句中的谓语动词必须用一般过去时表示，意思是“是该...的时候了”。
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