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too embarrassed to say 太尴尬而没有说明
be ashamed of 感到羞愧, 惭愧
-- Alf was ashamed of his job as a dustman.
marry 强调动作 （-- He married the girl. 他娶了这个女孩。）
get married 强调过程（-- Last year they got married.）
be married to sb 强调状态（-- The old man has been married to his wife for 50 years.）
He simply told her that he worked for the Corporation.
Simply 副词--用来修饰限定动词 told
Every morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit.
dressed in a smart black suit --形容词短语表示一种状态 打方框代表有问题
-- He go to work dressed in a beautiful coat.
-- He left home wearing a smart black suit.
He then changed into overalls and spent the next eight hours as a dustman.
changed into 换上 / change back into 换回
Before returning home at night. He took a shower and changed back into his suit.
Before returning home = Before he returned home
Before 和动名词搭配, 相当于 Before 引导的时间状语从句。
如果运用动名词形式，动名词的逻辑主语必须是主句的主语
-- After getting home, he had a good rest.
-- Before having dinner, he finished all his homework.
Alf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept his secret.
Alf's wife has never discovered that she married a dustman and she never will, for Alf
has just found another job. He will soon be working in an office.
she never will = she will never discover the secret
在省略句式中, never 要放在助动词之前
-- “will you go to see her?”
-- “I will never to to see her" = "No, I never will."
He will be earning only half as much as he used to, but he feels that his rise in status is well
worth the loss of money.
half as much as
half / a quarter / twice / three times + as...as... 表示倍数
-- I won't marry a man who is twice as old as me.
-- We got three times as many people as we expected.
-- This room is about three times as large as that one.
是...的几倍：...as +形容词或副词原形+ as...
比...多几倍：...times +形容词或副词比较级+ than…
-- This road is four times longer than that one. = This road is five times as long as that one.
What he obtained is well worth the loss of time. 他的所得是值得花时间的。
well 副词用来加强语气, 修饰形容词 worth
From now on, he will wear a suit all day and others will call him 'Mr. Bloggs', not 'Alf'.
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新概念英语（第二版第三册）学习笔记
Special difficulties 难点
impossibility n.不可能之事, 不可能
grant vt.同意, 准予
A. 两类词汇：
1>tell, give 等动词可以和双宾语搭配（指物的直接宾语，指人的间接宾语）
-- He told a story to me. = He told me a story .
2>explain, say 等动词只能代一个(直接)宾语, 在间接宾语前要用介词 to
-- He explain the difficult to me. / He said nothing to me.
-- She speaks English to her husband and Swedish to her children.
-- He admitted his guilt to the police.（guilt n.罪行, 内疚）
-- Did you suggest this idea to him?
当直接宾语比较长或者是个从句时, 通常放在间接宾语之后（但 say 除外）
-- I explained to him the impossibility of granting his request.
= I explained the impossibility of granting his request to him.
-- He confessed to me that he had fallen asleep during the meeting.
= He confessed that he had fallen asleep during the meeting to me.
confide vt., vi.
1> 倾诉（与 in 连用）
-- Jone felt she could only confide in her mother. 琼觉得她只有向她妈妈倾吐心中的秘密。
2> 吐露 (心事、秘密等), 与 to 连用
-- One evening he came and confided to me that he had spent five years in prison.
有一天晚上他到我家来向我吐露他曾坐过五年牢。
B.“Worth"后面只能跟名词或动名词
-- His suggestion is worth considering.
-- His rise in status is worth the loss of money.
Multiple choice questions 多项选择
1... A illustrate vt.阐明, 阐述
“...a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming
white-collar worker"
2... C double life
3... D "...he feels that his rise in status is well worth the loss of money"
previous adj.在前的, 早先的
respect n.某方面 vt.尊敬, 尊重
4... B to go 可以省略
They usually go to work wearing a collar and tie.
5... D
"Alfred was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job."
too...to…（不定式 to 表示否定）
so...that…（在 that 引导的结果状语从句中, 如果采用否定式，可以和 too...to 互换）
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新概念英语（第二版第三册）学习笔记
-- The water is too hot for us to drink. = The water is so hot that we can't drink.
6... C "He simply told her that he worker of the Corporation"
simply 副词（仅仅是, 再没有别的了= only, just）
无论是 simply, only 还是 just，往往用在所修饰的主体词之前。
-- I did it simply/only for the money
-- I don't like driving. I do it simply/only because I have to go to work each day.
and no more（放句尾）
in a simple way 简单地, 简朴地
-- She was always dressed in a simple way.
7... B
Before 是介词和动名词形式搭配。 -- Before returning home...
Before 是连接词，引导时间状语从句。 -- Before he returned home...
before 引导的从句, 常用一般现在时或一般过去时, 不用进行时。
8... C "half as much as it used to be"
the amount 要用定语从句进行限定
当主句的谓语动词是行为动词时，used to 之后的动词必须省略掉
当主句的谓语动词是系动词时，used to 之后必须带有系动词 be.
-- I feel the summers are hotter than they used to be.
-- I feel you are much fatter than you used to be.
9... D
gain：获利, 赢得（表示通过努力）
-- gain time, gain reputation, gain speed, gain height
fee：（为专业服务支付的）费用
-- doctor's fees 医疗费 / the lawyer's fees 律师费
-- pay for my university fees 支付我的大学学费
payment：（商业、信贷）支付的款项（非常正式）
wages：（体力劳动者的）工资
salary：（白领的）薪水
10... B companion n.同伴, 共事者 comrade n.朋友, 同志, 伙伴
11... C "well worth the loss of money"
pay back 偿还, 报复
reward 酬劳
value 价值
compensate v.偿还, 补偿
compensate for赔偿 = make up for弥补
-- His intelligence more than compensate for his lack of experience.
12... A call = addressed as 被称为
name 命名 / cry out 喊叫 / shout v.呼喊, 呼叫
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新概念英语（第二版第三册）学习笔记
Lesson 05 The facts 确切数字
New words and expression 生词和短语
Editor n.编辑
Edit vt.编辑
-- edit magazine, edit newspaper
Edition n.编辑
Editorial adj.编辑的, 主编的 n.社论, 评论
extreme n.极端
go to extreme(s) to do… 做某事走极端
-- He went to extreme to say that the play was the best one.
-- He went to extremes to say that his girlfriend was the most beautiful in the world.
go from one extreme to the other 从一个极端走向另一个极端
statistics n.统计数字
journalist n.新闻记者
reporter n.(电视台)记者
correspondent n.(电台)记者, 通讯员
president n.总统
palace n.王宫；宏伟的住宅
publish v.出版 = print(vt.), go to press(vi.)
-- The book has already been published. = The book has already been printed.
-- The book has gone to press.
-- They have already published the magazine.
Fax n.传真 （-- send a fax）
impatient adj.不耐烦的
patience（n.耐性） patient（adj.有耐心的） patiently（adv.有耐心地）
impatience（n.不耐烦） impatient（adj.不耐烦的） impatiently（adv.不耐烦地）
fire v.解雇（口语）
-- He was fired from his job
dismiss vt.解雇（正式）
-- The manage dismissed him from his company.
Sack vt.解雇, 辞退（俚语, 口语）
-- If you do it wrong again you will be sacked.
Originally adv.起初，原先，从前 / original adj.最初的, 原始的
Text 课文
What was the consequence of the editor's insistence on facts and statistics?
Consequence n.结果
Insistence n.坚持, 坚决主张
Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their reader with
unimportant facts and statistics.
第 25 页
go to extremes 走极端
provide = supply 给...提供（通常与介词搭配连用）
provide sb with sth / provide sth for sb
-- He provided them with a bed for the night.
= He provided a bed for them for the night
Last year a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on
the president's palace in a new African republic.
本句= A well-known magazine instructed a journalist to write an article on the president's palace
in a new African republic.
African n.非洲人 adj.非洲的
Republic n.共和国, 共和政体
Instruct vt.教, 教导, 命令, 指示, 通知
instruct sb to do sth.= tell sb formally to do sth 正式告诉某人做某事
-- The teacher instructed him to take the examination.
On = about 侧重强调课题专一
-- a book on radio
When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refuse to publish it.
When the article arrived = When the editor received the article
refuse vt.拒绝（态度严厉）
-- I invited him to dinner, but he refused me.
decline vt.婉言谢绝
repudiate vt.断然拒绝
The article began: 'Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall which surrounds the president's
palace'.
which 指代 the high wall
The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him find out the exact number of
steps and the height of the wall.
Instructing(现在分词)进一步补充说明 fax 的情况
-- he send me a letter instructing me to come back immediately
The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time
to send them.
set out to do = decide and try to do 决定, 打算, 着手做...
= set about doing 决定, 打算, 着手做...
-- He set out to make his first 1,000,000 in 5 years.
take sb a long time to do sth 某事花了某人很久的时间
-- It took me five days to write the article.
Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press.
He sent the journalist two more faxes, but received no reply.
two more faxes = another two faxes
He sent yet another fax informing the journalist that if he did not reply soon he would be
fired.
When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it
had originally been written.
reluctantly = unwilling 勉勉强强地, 不情愿地
第 26 页
as it bad originally been written = in its original way
A week later, the editor at last received a fax from the journalist.
Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well.
Not only 位于句首, 必须采用倒装形式。
本句 = The poor man had not only been arrested, but had been sent to prison as well.
倒装：（部分倒装）
1>否定副词位于句首, 要倒装。
never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, nowhere, no sooner
scarcely adv.几乎不, 简直没有
nowhere adv.无处, 到处都无
-- Never have I read such stories. 我从来也没读过这样的小说。
-- Nowhere can he find the book he wants. 无论在哪他也找不到他要的书。
-- Hardly did I think it possible. 我并不认为这是可能的。
2>含有 only 的状语位于句首, 句子要倒装。
-- Only then did he realize that he had made a mistake.
-- Only when a great deal more information has been obtained will it be possible to plan a trip.
3>含有 not 的副词短语位于句首, 句子要倒装。
not for a second 决不, 毫不 / not in the least 绝不, 一点也不
not for an instant, not until
-- Not in the least is he interested in English literature. 他对英国文学一点都不感兴趣。
-- Not for an instant did I believe he had lied. 我根本不认为他说了慌。
4>含有 no 的短语位于句首, 句子要倒装。
at on time, in no way , in no sense, by no means, in no case, on no account, on no condition,
under no circumstances （都表示‘绝不’）
circumstance n.环境, 详情, 境况
-- Under no circumstances can we accept the check. 我们无论如何也不能接受这笔钱。
-- On no account must you leave the baby in the house. 你无论如何也不能把留在房间里。
5> so such 位于句首, 句子要倒装。
However, he had at last been allowed to send a fax in which he informed the editor that the
he had been arrested while counting the 1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which
surrounded the president's palace.
he had at last been allowed = he had at last been permitted = he had asked for permission
请求被允许做某事：be allowed to do, be permitted to do, asked for permission to do sth
permit v.许可,允许,准许 permission n.许可, 允许
in which -- which 指代 fax
while 和现在分词搭配, 做时间状语, 表示“正在做某事的过程中”。
-- 可以用 while 引导的时间状语从句去替换。
-- While counting… = while he was counting…
现在分词做定语：
-- the steps leading to the president's palace 通向王宫的台阶。
-- the road leading to the forest 通向森林的路。
fifteen-foot 做前置定语, 这里的名词必须上单数形式。
which 引导的定语从句修饰 wall, which 指代 wall。
第 27 页
-- wall which surrounded… （= wall surrounding…）
-- 为了避免和前面的现在分词句式结构(leading)相同所以没有用 surrounding.
Special difficulties 难点 here
倒装的用法
1.Not only has he made this mistake before but he will make it again.
2.Only then did I realize what was happening
3.Never will I trust him again.
4.Seldom do you find traffic wardens who are kind and helpful.
traffic warden n. 交通管理员 （warden n.监护人；看守人）
Multiple choice questions 多项选择
1… C
excuse n.理由, 借口
beyond prep.除…以外
satisfy vt.满足, 使满意
dissatisfy vt.使感觉不满, 不满足
factual adj.事实的, 实际的
content n.内容
2… B
3... A activity n.行动, 行为 / suspicious adj.可疑的, 怀疑的
4… B 课文中的 and then 强调动作的先后。
-- Having seen the movie, they went for a walk.
6... D a reply 表示“任意”的一个答复
7... B unless = if not 一般过去时
8… C inform sb of/about sth
9… C public n.公众, (特定的)人群
audience n.听众, 观众
lecture n.演讲
10… B print = publish
press n.压, 按 go to press 交付印刷
pressing adj.紧迫的；迫切的
impress vt.盖印, 留下印象
11... D
innocent adj.清白的, 无罪的, 天真的, 无知的
unfortunate adj.不幸的
12... D
请求允许做某事：ask for permission to do sth
允许某人做某事：be given permission to do sth
admit + 名词/动名词/that 从句
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