★regret v 后悔 pt pp regretted
1、regret sth
you will regret it你会后悔的, 你一定会后悔的
2、regret to do : 很遗憾要去做
3、regret doing很遗憾已经做
I regret to tell you a bad news我很遗憾要告诉你一个坏消息 (还没说)
I regret telling him the news我真后悔告诉他这个消息
I regret to steal your money
4、regret that
遗憾 : pity、sorry、regret
pity n. it's a pity / sorry adj. I am sorry / regret v.

★far adv 非常
比较级前可以加修饰词, 表示程度
多一点点用a little, 多很多用much
far＝much, 修饰形容词或副词的比较级, 注意most 是修饰形容词或副词的, 而不是比较级

★rush v 冲
rush(用腿)冲 run 跑(速度很快)

★act v 行动
take action 采取行动
act! (口语) 行动!

★straight adv 径直
go straight on径直往前走

★fright n 害怕
frighten [5fraitn] vt.使惊吓 vi.惊恐
frightening : 令人感到可怕的 / frightened : 自己感到可怕的
frightful＝terrible adj 可怕
your handwriting is frightful你的字真糟糕 / cold is frightful寒冷是可怕的
一个动词能够加ing/ed, 证明这个动词跟人的情感有关, 他的宾语就会是人
This doesn't worry me. / You frighten me.
get a fright得到惊吓的感觉, 类似get a surprise
I get a fright我吓了一跳 / you give me a fright你吓了我一跳
give sb sth
give: 给人带来感觉, 如 : give me a pleasure/an excitement/a fright

★battered adj 撞坏的
batter [bAtE] n.击球手 v.打坏, 猛击
动词+ed : 被
battered : lose one's shape 被撞变形的(shape[Feip] v n)
damaged : 被刮坏的
destroyed car车子被损害不能修 / damaged car车子坏了, 但能修 / battered car 车变形
battered bag破旧不堪的包(“battered” 与软的东西连用时, 表示用旧了, 破旧不堪的)

★shortly adv 很快, 不久
★afterwards adv 以后
shortly afterwards不久以后＝soon
shortly＝soon; afterwards＝later后来, 以后
soon: 不久以后 (可直接用)

【Text】
Lesson 35 Stop thief! 捉贼
First listen and then answer the question.听录音, 然后回答以下问题.
How did Roy stop the thieves?

Rov Trenton used to drive a taxi. A short while ago, however, he became a busdriver and he was not regretted it. He is finding his new work far more exciting.When he was driving along Catford Street recently, he saw two thieves rush out of a shop and run towards a waiting car. One of them was carrying a bag full of money. Roy acted quickly and drove the bus straight at the thieves. The one with the money got such a fright that he dropped the bag. As the thieves were trying to get away in their car, Roy drove his bus into the back of it. While the battered car was moving away, Roy stopped his bus and telephoned the police. The thieves' car was badly damaged and easy to recognize. Shortly afterwards, the police stopped the car and both men were arrested.

参考译文
罗伊·特雷顿原是开出租汽车的, 然而就在前不久, 他开上了公共汽车, 也并不为此而感到后悔. 他发觉自己的新工作令人兴奋得多. 最近, 当他正开车在凯特福德街上行驶时, 看到有两个小偷从一家商店里冲出来, 奔向等在那里的一辆汽车, 其中一个提着一只装满钞票的提包. 罗伊行动迅速, 开车直冲窃贼而去. 拿钱的那个小偷吓得把提包都扔了. 当那两个小偷企图乘车逃跑时, 罗伊驾驶他的公共汽车撞在了那辆车的后尾上. 当那辆被撞坏的车开走后, 罗伊停下车, 给警察挂了电话. 小偷的车损坏严重, 很容易辨认. 没过多久, 警察就截住了那辆车, 两个小偷都被抓住了.

【课文讲解】
he used to drive a taxi, but now he doesn't drive a taxi any more
a short while ago＝a short time ago不久以前
however
1、可以放句首, 可以放句中
2、如果一个词两边有逗好, 证明这个词是插入语

you will regret it
find 可以用一般现在时态, 可以用进行时态
he is finding his trip very exciting
far more exciting更有趣
along 沿着
a waiting car : 正在等候的车子
see sb do sth看见某人做某事(强调全过程) / see sb doing 看见某人正在做某事
I see them dance (看了全过程) / I see them dancing (只看了一部分)
hear sb doing/hear sb do
如果全过程用do, 过程中的一瞬间用doing
另外还有类似的词有 : smell, feel, hear, watch, notice等
full of 装满 : I have a cup full of tea.
at: 强调瞄准概念
with 一旦出现在名词后代词后就做定语, 出现在动词之后做状语
he came in with a book.(作状语) / the boy with a book came in.(作定语)
get a fright吓了一跳
such...that.../so...that... 如此...以致于
so+形容词(副词)+that.../such+(修饰词或形容词)+名词+that
一旦有名词, 就认为形容词修饰的是名词, 前面的词也修饰的是名词
drop/fall : 掉
sb drop sth, drop vt(及物).由于不当心抓什么没抓住掉下去
fall vi(不及物) : sth fall从上往下落
drop the money / the money fall
The chalk is falling./ I drop the chalk. (chalk [tFC:k] n.粉笔, 白垩 vt.用粉笔写, 和以白垩)
as = when: 当.....时候
get away ＝ run away逃跑
by car /in the car
drive into 撞
stopped his car/the car stopped(与当时说话时的视觉概念有关, 一个是人为停, 一个是自己停下来)
damaged : 毁坏
....and easy to recognize = and the car was easy to recognize (用主动表被动含义)
用不定式放在形容词后面, 主动表被动含义
too...to.../ ...enough to....
stop拦住车子
both men ＝ two persons
stop the car
1、the driver stop the car
2、其他人stopped the car : 拦车
stop thief 捉賊
捉, 抓catch

【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题
1 Roy Trenton ______.
a. prefers driving a bus to driving a taxi b. prefers driving a taxi to driving a bus
c. is sorry he isn't a taxi driver d. is glad he didn't change his job
prefer ...to...更喜欢这个东西(和后面的东西比), 宁可也不
be sorry遗憾
prefer+名词更喜欢
I prefer tea to water
prefer+名词+to(prep.)+名词(如为动词则+ing)
I prefer drinking tea to drinking water
prefer to(不定式的标志)+动词原形 : 更喜欢
rather than : 不喜欢, 而不是 (prep) (rather[5rB:TE; (?@) 5rATEr])
he prefers to drive bus rather than drive a taxi.
I prefer to have an apple rather than have an orange.

3 Roy Trenton used to drive a taxi. This means he ______ a taxi.
a. has stopped driving b. is used to driving
c. got used to driving d. still drives
used to(不定式的标志) 过去做现在不做
used to do过去常常做现在不做了(“to” 为 prep)
be used to doing sth / get used to doing sth 习惯于
I am(not) used to getting up early我习惯起早
be used to do sth被用来
the knife is used to cut the paper刀被用来切纸
the boy is used to swimming in the river那男孩习惯在河里游泳
the boy used to swim in the river那男孩过去在河里游泳

4 He noticed two thieves ______ out of a shop.
a. to come b. are coming c. in coming d. come
answer : d
see sb. doing : 看见某人正在做某事; see sb. do : 看见某人做某事
hear : 听见
notice sb. doing / notice sb. do ; watch sb. doing / watch sb. do
b. are coming : 没有主从一致, 应为 : was coming 就对

7 The car was easy to recognize, so it wasn't ______ difficult for the police to catch the thieves.
a. much b. very c. many d. too
answer: d
too...to...: 太...以至于不能... / ...enough to...: 足以用来做某事
many 应加+名词 / much, very 一般不会与 to 连用

8 He hasn't regretted it. He ______ it.
a. isn't sorry about b. doesn't pity c. isn't pleased with d. doesn't laugh about
answer: a
be sorry about: 为什么感到遗憾(抱歉) / be pleasued with: 对什么感到满意 / laugh at : 嘲笑
laugh about:为什么原因而笑
b. pity 不对是由于词性不对

11 The thief dropped the bag. He ______.
a. let it b. left it c. fell it d. let it fall
answer: d
drop vt(及物) 抓什么而没抓住 : sb drop sth. / fall vi(不及物): 什么东西往下落 : Sth fall
Let sb. do : 让某人做某事
Let : 听之任之
Make: 又强迫的意思
My father makes me play football.(强迫)
My father lets me play football.(听之任之, 随他去)

重点说明 :
It's easy to recognize
the apple is sweet enough to eat
如果一个不定式的前面是一个形容词, 如果主句的结局是系表结构+to, 不定式当中常用主动表被动, 在不定式的表达方式当中, 动词的宾语如果刚好是这句话的主语, 这个宾语一定不能出现
the apple is too sour to eat.(sour adj [5saJE(r)] 酸的)

......to answer the question 这个小孩足够聪明以至于能回答这个问题, “the question” 不是主语故一定要出现
the question is easy enough to answer.
文中 “...easy to recognize(car)” 因car是主语, 所以不能出现
在不定式当中, 也许有可能用主动表达被动含义, 及物动词后面一般加宾语(这个宾语就是这句话的主语就不加), 又如 : the clothes are too comfortable to ware.

【Special difficulties】难点
so/such如此
such...that.../so...that...如此以致于
so+形容词(副词)+that.../such+(a, an修饰词或形容词)+名词+that
一旦有名词, 就认为形容词修饰的是名词, 前面的词也修饰的是名词
如果名词是可数名词单数才要加a和an, 反过来如果是可数名词单数, 前面一定要加a或an

Exercise 练习用so, such或such a填空 :
1 He ran ______ quickly that I could not catch him.
2 Whoever told you ______ thing?
3 You should not make ______ many mistakes.
4 You should not say ______ things.
5 This picture is ______ beautiful that I shall hang it in my room.
6 It was ______ good book that it was bought by a film company.
7 It was ______ extraordinary exhibition that I went twice.
8 He is ______ lazy boy that he never does anything.

1、so 2、such a 3、so 4、such 5、so 6、such a 7、such an 8、such a

如果形容词是表示数量的(many, much, little, few), 一律用so
there is so little time left that we must hurry.
there is such a little(小) bird that I can't see it.(“little” 不会和可数名词连用, 如连用不会译成 “数量少” , 而应译为 “小” )
he is so lazy a boy/he is such a lazy boy.
如果有几个以上的形容词共同修饰一个名词的时候, 冠词放在第一位, 这句话中冠词不放在第一位, 说明 “a” 与 “boy” 有关系, “lazy” 从意思上与 “boy” 有关系, 但从强调点上与 “boy” 没关系, 它的强调点在 “lazy” 上
such+冠词+形容词+名词/so+形容词+冠词+名词

§ Lesson 36 Across the Channel 横渡海峡

【New words and expressions】生词和短语
★record [5rekC:d] n. 记录 record [rI5kC:d] vt
如果同一词音节落在第一个音节的重音, 肯定是名词, 重音落在第二个音节肯定是动词
recorder [rI5kC:dE(r)]录音机
如present n adj [5preznt] v [ pri5zent ] / desert n [5dezEt] v [dI5z\:t]
break the record 破记录 / set up a new record 创记录
hold the record 保持记录 / keep the record 保持记录
equal[5i:kwEl] adj.相等的, 均等的, 胜任的, 平静的, 合适的, 不相上下的
n.相等的事物(或数量), 对手, 匹敌, 同辈
vt.等于, 比得上等号, 等于
equalize the recorder 平记录 (equalize [5i:kwElaiz] vt.使相等, 补偿)

★strong adj 强壮的
as strong as horse 象牛一样壮(马)
strong wind 大风 heavy rain 大雨
strong girl (隐示不是很瘦, 结实)
strong mind意志坚强
out of sight,out of mind 眼不见, 心不烦
sturdy [5stE:di] adj. : 结实的, 强健的
robust [rE5bQst] [rEJ5bQst] adj. : 身体结实 (“乐百事” 英文名)
strong swimmer :
strong +运动员 : 获胜把握比较大, 强有力的(“强有力的对手” 中的 “强有力” 就用 “strong” 表达)
swimmer : 确切的意思为 : 游泳者, 游泳的人
athlete [5AWli:t] n : 运动员(运动会上常说的运动员)
swimming athlete游泳运动员 (这里的 “-ing” 以为 “用来” )

★swimmer n 游泳运动员, 游泳者

★succeed v 成功
success n 成功, 成功的人
successful adj 成功的
succeed in doing sth / be successful in doing sth
fail v fail to do sth
failure [5feiljE] n. 失败, 失败者, 缺乏, 失灵, 故障, 破产, 疏忽, <美>不及格

★train v 训练
train sb to do sth (教, 而且有让人形成某种技能) / teach sb to do sth (只是教, 会不会不管)
trainer教练 / training center 训练中心

★anxiously adv 焦急
anxiousl adj

★intend v 打算
① be to/② be about to/③ be going to:表将来
④ intend to do sth＝be going to do sth打算做某事
⑤ plan计划 : plan to do sth 计划作某事
⑥ mean to do sth 打算做某事 : what do you mean to do(intend to do)
⑦ aim to do sth 打算做某事
aim [eim] n 目标
I am going to have a company. / I intend to have a company.
⑧ I will do sth＝I intend to do sth
plan to do / mean to do / aim to do / hope to do / want to do 这类词本身没有将来时态, 本身就表示将来, 用一般现在时表示将来时

★solid adj 固体的, 硬的
the ice is solid冰很硬

ballet dancers/football player (ballet [5bAlei, bA5lei] n.芭蕾舞, 芭蕾舞剧, 芭蕾舞乐曲)
1 work as+地点
2 工作怎么样
(1)interesing/boring/exciting (bore [bC:(r)] v n 使烦扰)
(2)人对工作的喜欢程度, she/he likes the job very much.

channel 海峡
the Channel＝the English channel (当 “C” 大写时, 一定是指the English channel)
across 横渡, across the Channel

【Text】
Lesson 36 Across the Channel 横渡海峡
First listen and then answer the question.听录音, 然后回答以下问题.
What is Debbie going to try to do?

Debbie Hart is going to swim across the English Channel tomorrow.She is going to set out from the French coast at five o'clock in themorning. Debbie is only eleven years old and she hopes to set up a new world record. She is a strong swimmer and many people feel that she is sure to succeed Debbie's father will set out with her in a small boat. Mr. Hart has trained his daughter for years. Tomorrow he will be watching her anxiously as she swims the long distance to England. Debbie intends to take short rests every two hours. She will have something to drink but she will not eat any solid food. Most of Debbie's school friends will be waiting for her on the English coast. Among them will be Debbie's mother, who swam the Channel herself when she was a girl.

参考译文
黛比·哈特准备明天横渡英吉利海峡. 她打算早上5点钟从法国海岸出发. 黛比只有11岁, 她希望创一项新的世界纪录. 她是一个游泳能手, 很多人认为她一定能成功. 黛比的父亲将乘一条小船同她一道出发. 哈特先生训练她的女儿已经多年了, 明天他将焦急地注视着女儿游过这段漫长的距离到达英国. 黛比计划每两小时休息一下. 她将喝些饮料, 但不吃固体食物. 黛比的大部分同学将在英国海岸等候她. 他们当中还会有黛比的母亲, 她本人还是个姑娘时, 也曾横渡过英吉利海峡!

【课文讲解】
at five o’clock in the morning 先说小单位, 再说大单位
hope 希望 : hope to do : 希望自己做 / hope that+从句 : 希望别人做
she hope to set up a new world recorder.
feel (that), 宾语从句中的that 可以省略
must + 动词原形表示一定, 一种推测
be sure to do : 一定能够, 肯定语气比 “must” 强
sure [FJE(r), FC:(r)] adj. 对....有把握, 确信某事, 稳当的, 可靠的 adv.的确, 当然
Are you sure? 你肯定吗? sure 肯定
be sure of(对某件事情, 名词做宾语)
be sure to do(对某件事情动词有把握)
be sure that(对某件事情, 某人做某事有把握)
I am sure that I can do sth＝I am sure of sth＝I am sure to do sth.
I am sure of my success. / I am sure to succeed.
I am sure that I can succeed. (be successful)
...with her 同她一道
by boat / in a boat乘船
for years 几年
will be doing
as＝when
she swims the long distance to England.
swim + 距离 : 游过多长距离
will be watching sb anxiously as... : 当...的时候人们会密切(焦急)关注
anxiously [5ANkFEs] adj.
the war broke out战争爆发
broke out 发生; 爆发
all the world will be watching anxiously as the war broke out.
‘meet the parents’ ――《再见岳父母大人》影片名
we will be watching anxiously as you went (go) out.(电影中的一句台词, 表示 “牵挂” )
plan to / intend to
have(take) a break(rest) 休息 / take short rests休息短时间
every two hours
I will plant another tree every three trees. 每隔三棵树我会再种一棵
something to drink : 可以喝的东西, 不定式作定语
have something to eat/read/do
most/most of
most直接用 : most of + the : Most young people / Most of the young people
will be waiting
I will be right here wating for your
on the coast在海边
among [E5mQN] prep.在...之中, ...之一
among them在他们当中
oneself放在动词或一句话的后面, 往往起强调的作用

定语从句中的关系词往往指代的含义是前面的先行词
限定性定语从句/非限定性定语从句
如果是有逗号的是非限定性定语从句, 没有逗号的是限定性定语从句
限定性定语从句可以用, 非限定性定语从句不可以用的是that
限定性定语从句少了后面的句子, 这句话意思不完整,非限定性定语从句前面的句子完整, 后面的句子起着补充说明的作用
非限定性定语从句一旦有逗号隔开, 后面的句子和前面的句子关系不紧密, 起补充作用

among : 在...之间(三者或三者以上)
between them : 左右各一个人 : among them 很多人之中
Among them will be Debbie's mother, who swam the Channel herself when she was a girl.
倒装句 : 地点+will+名词
常见的倒装句 : here you are / here is my ticket
among them will be Debbie's mother
全部倒装 : 地点(介词短语或副词)+动词+名词
倒装句型中如果主语是名词, 放在动词后面, 如果是代词, 放在动词前面, 如 here you are.

【Key structure】关键句型
She is going to swim across the Channel tomorrow. 将来时(KS12) (参见第12课关键句型)

Instead of saying: We can say :
除了这种表述方法外 : 还可以说 :
I shall travel by air. I am going to travel by air.
He will sell his car. He is going to sell his car.
They will move to a new house. They are going to move to a new house.
I intend to write to him. I am going to write to him.
She means to ask for an explanation. She is going to ask for an explanation.

We can often use going to in place of shall or will in simple statements and questions. We cannot use going to in sentences like this one :
在陈述句和疑问句中, 我们常常可用going to来替代shall或will. 在类似下列的句子中我们不能用going to :
You will enjoy yourself if you travel by sea. 如果你乘船旅游, 你会玩得很开心的.

be going to 一定强调计划和安排, 顺理成章的不用be going to
tomorrow will be Tuesday.

在运动场上常用的口语 :
well to go / well done / yea / yeah
bingo [5biN^Eu] int.(因出乎意料的成功而表示兴奋的叫声)瞧!
go 加油

【Special Difficulties】难点
Words often confused 经常容易混淆的词
a Watch, Look at, Follow.
Watch (something happening) 观看 (正在发生的事情) : Tomorrow he will be watching her anxiously. (11.6-7)
Look at看 : Look at the blackboard. Look at your book. Look at this picture. 看黑板. 看你的书. 看这幅画.
Follow (go after) 跟随 (走在后面) : I followed my mother into the kitchen. 我跟着母亲走进厨房.
b Solid, Firm, Stable.
Solid (not liquid) 固体的 (非流体的) : She will not eat any solid food. (1.9)
Firm (not loose) 稳固的 (不松动) : I've fixed that hook. It is firm now. 我把鱼钩固定好了, 现在它很牢固.
(not doubtful) (无疑) : He gave me a firm refusal. 他断然拒绝.
(not lenient) 严格的 : You must be very firm with that child. 对那个孩子你一定要非常严格.
Stable (often describing character) 坚定的 (常用来形容性格) : He is a very stable person. 他是一个性格坚定的人.

watch/look at/follow
watch something happening
look at : 看
follow : 跟随, follow me
solid/firm/stable
solid : 硬的(固体)
firm : 稳固的(不松动的),不会更改的
stable [5steibl] adj. : 坚定的(性格)
firm/stable
firm(人) : 下定决心, 不会改变主意firm decision
stable(人) : 稳重的, 可靠的

Exercise 练习用上面的词填空 :
1 I came to a ______ decision and I will not change my mind.
2 I stood on the bridge and ______ the boats passing by.
3 May I ______ your photograph album?4 The ice in the pond is so ______ that you can walk to it.
5 I tried to persuade him but he remained ______.

1.I came to a firm decision and i will not change my mind
come to a decision/make a decision
come to a conclusion 得出结论 (conclusion [kEn5klu:VEn] n.结束, 缔结, 结论)
2.watch the boats
watch sb doing sth.(句型结构)
watch 得出结论直接加宾语, 及物动词
by 这里是adv, 在附近
3.look at
4.so solid如此的坚硬
enough to do足以做某事
the ice in the pond is solid enough to walk on.(不加 “it” , 见35课, “it” 不能出现)
the ice in the pond is so solid that you can walk on it
the room is clean enough to live in
the room is so clean that we can live there
5.I tried to persuade him but he remained firm. (不改变主意的用 “firm” )

【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题
3 She is sure to succeed. Many people feel sure ______ it.
a. to b. for c. in d. of
answer: D
sure of+n
sure to do
sure that ...

4 He will be watching her anxiously ______ she swims the long distance to England.
though meanwhile b. meanwhile c. while d. during
answer: C
as 由于, 当......时候
as(当......时候)＝when, while
during prep.介词, 后面不会加句子
though meanwhile : 虽然, 用转折的意思, 而本句中没有转折的意思
meanwhile＝at the same time 同时
meanwhile 不是连词 (=meantime) n.其间, 其时 adv.其间
however adv 然而
连词连接两个句子 : 副词只能修饰句子或动词, 起修饰作用

8 Debbie hopes to ______ a new world record.
a. do b. make c. build d. fix
8 set up a recorder
make a recorder破记录

9 She is sure to succeed. She's sure to be ______.
a. successful b. success c. succession d. a succession
9 succession 继任者 (succession [sEk5seFEn] n.连续, 继承, 继任, 演替, [农业] 轮栽, 连续性)
successful adj
success n
be +adj 系表结构
be+n 前者＝后者 (前者和后者是等号关系)