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l  Alabama

l  Nickname: Heart of Dixie; Camellia State

l  Motto: We dare defend our rights

l  Flower: Camellia山茶花

l  Bird: Yellowhammer金翼啄木鸟

l  Area: 50,744 square miles (2000; U.S. rank: 30th)

l  Climate: Subtropical and humid; summers are long and hot, winters mild, rainfall abundant

l  Admitted to Union: December 14, 1819

l  Capital: Montgomery

l  Population 2003 estimate: 4,500,752
主要城市：伯明翰  Birmingham
          莫比尔  Mobile

l  Major industries: Paper products, agriculture, chemicals, textiles, lumber, wood, metals, electronics, automobiles, food processing

l  Unemployment rate: 5.2% (November 2004)

l  Per capita income: $26,276 (2003; U.S. rank: 42nd)

l  Median household income: $37,419 (3-year average, 2001-2003)

l  Percentage of persons below poverty level: 15.1% (3-year average, 2001-2003)

l  Income tax rate: Ranges from 2.0 to 5.0%

l  Sales tax rate: 4.0%  

 

l  Alaska

l  Nickname: Land of the Midnight Sun

l  Motto: North to the future

l  Flower: Forget-me-not

l  Bird: Willow ptarmigan

l  Area: 663,267 square miles

l  Climate: Summers are short and hot, winters long and intensely cold

l  Admitted to Union: January 3, 1959

l  Capital: Juneau  

l  Population ：2004 estimate: 655,435

 

l  Arizona
亚利桑那州

l  Nickname: Grand Canyon State美丽的大峡谷

l  Motto: Ditat Deus (God enriches)

l  Flower: Blossom of the saguaro cactus仙人掌

l  Bird: Cactus wren鹪鹩

l  Area: 113,635 square miles (rank: 6th)

l  Climate: Dry and sunny, but heavy snows in the high central area

l  Admitted to Union: February 14, 1912

l  Capital: Phoenix  

 

l  Arkansas阿肯色州
l  Nickname: Land of Opportunity

l  Motto: Regnat populus (The people rule)

l  Flower: Apple blossom苹果花

l  Bird: Mockingbird反舌鸟

l  Area: 53,179 square miles (2000; U.S. rank: 29th)

l  Capital: Little Rock 小石城
主要城市：斯密斯堡 Fort Smith
北小石城 North Little Rock
l  Climate: Long hot summers, mild winters, ample rainfall

l  Admitted to Union: June 15, 1836

 

l  California

l  Nickname: Golden State

l  Motto: Eureka (I have found it)

l  Flower: Golden poppy金罂粟花

l  Bird: California valley quail加州鹌鹑

l  Area: 163,695 square miles (2000; U.S. rank: 3rd)

l  州府：萨克拉门托   Sacramento
主要城市：洛杉矶   Los Angeles 圣迭戈 San Diego
l  Climate: Extremely varied, with zones ranging from sub-tropical to subarctic, but in the main two seasons—wet from October to April, dry from May to September

l  Admitted to Union: September 9, 1850

 

l  Colorado

l  Nickname: Centennial State 百年州

l  Motto: Nil sine numine (Nothing without providence)

l  Flower: Rocky Mountain columbine耧斗菜花

l  Bird: Lark bunting百灵鸟

l  Area: 104,093 square miles (2000; U.S. rank: 8th)

l  州府：丹佛   Denver主要城市：普韦布洛 pueblo科罗拉多斯普林Colorado Springs
l  Climate: Dry and sunny, with a wide daily and seasonal variation in temperature and with alpine conditions in the high mountains

 

l  Delaware特拉华州

l  Nickname: First State; Diamond State

l  Motto: Liberty and independence

l  Flower: Peach blossom桃花

l  Bird: Blue hen chicken雌鸟

l  Area: 2,489 square miles (2000; U.S. rank: 49th)

l  州府：多佛 Dover
主要城市：维尔明顿 Wilmington
          纽瓦克 Newark

l  Climate: Temperate, with mild winters and hot summers

l  Admitted to Union: December 7, 1787

  

l  Florida佛罗里达州

l  Nickname: Sunshine State

l  Motto: In God we trust

l  Flower: Orange blossom橘花

l  Bird: Mockingbird反舌鸟

l  Area: 65,754.59 square miles (2000; U.S. rank: 22nd)

l  州府：塔拉赫西 Tallahassee
主要城市：杰克逊维尔 Jacksonville迈阿密    Miami

l  Climate: Humid with abundant sunshine; ranges from subtropical to tropical

l  Admitted to Union: March 3, 1845

 

l  Georgia佐治亚州

l  Nickname: Empire State of the South; Peach State南方帝国之州，桃州

l  Motto: Wisdom, justice, and moderation

l  “智慧、公平、温和”

l  Flower: Cherokee rose查拉几玫瑰花；印地安人一个族名

l  Bird:长尾饺Brown thrasher

l  Area: 59,424 square miles (2000; U.S. rank: 24th)

l  州府：亚特兰大   Atlanta
l  为纪念英王乔治二世King George II of England而得名。

l  主要城市：哥伦布  Columbus美昆    Macon

l  Climate: Long, hot summers and short, mild winters

l  Admitted to Union: January 2, 1788

l  Capital: Atlanta

 

l  Hawaii

l  Nickname: Aloha State

l  Motto: Ua mau ke ea o ka aina i ka pono (The life of the land is perpetuated in righteousness)

l  Flower: Hibiscus芙蓉

l  Bird: Hawaiian goose夏威夷鹅

l  Area: 10,930 square miles (2000; U.S. rank: 43rd)

l  州府：檀香山   Honolulu
主要城市：海洛  Hilo
l  Admitted to Union: August 21, 1959

l  Population：2004 estimate: 1,262,840

 

l  Idaho爱达荷州

l  Nickname: Gem State

l  Motto: Esto perpetua (Let it be perpetual)

l  Flower: Syringa山梅花

l  Bird: Mountain bluebird蓝知更鸟

l  Area: 83,570 square miles (2000; U.S. rank: 14th)

l  州府：博伊西   Boise
主要城市：波卡特洛  Pocatello
    爱达荷福尔斯  Idaho Falls
l  Climate: Tempered by Pacific westerly winds, varying by altitude; hot summers in the arid south, cold snowy winters in the central and northern mountains

l  Admitted to Union: July 3, 1890

 

l  Illinois伊利诺伊州

l  Nickname: Prairie State

l  Motto: State sovereignty—national union

l  Flower: Native violet紫罗兰

l  Bird: Cardinal北美红雀

l  Area: 57,914 square miles (2000; U.S. rank: 25th)

l  州府：斯普临菲尔德  Springfield
主要城市：芝加哥  Chicago
          罗克福德 Rockford
l  Climate: Temperate, with hot summers and cold, snowy winters

l  Admitted to Union: December 3, 1818

l  Capital: Springfield

l  Population-2004 estimate: 12,713,634

 

l  Indiana印地安那州

l  Nickname: Hoosier State山地人

l  Motto: Crossroads of America

l  Flower: Peony牡丹花

l  Bird: Cardinal北美红雀

l  Area: 36,417 square miles (2000; U.S. rank: 38th)

l  州府：印地安那波利斯 Indianapolis
主要城市：韦恩堡  fort Wayne  加里 Gary

l  Climate: Temperate, with four distinct seasons

l  Admitted to Union: December 11, 1816

l  Population-2004 estimate: 6,237,569

l  Major industries: Manufacturing, agriculture, mining

 

l  Iowa艾奥瓦州

l  Nickname: Hawkeye State

l  Motto: Our liberties we prize and our rights we will maintain

l  Flower: Wild rose野玫瑰

l  Bird: Eastern goldfinch金翅雀

l  Area: 56,271 square miles (2000; U.S. rank: 26th)

l  州府：第蒙 Des Moines
主要城市：锡达拉皮兹 Cedar Rapids达文波特 Daven Port
l  Climate: Continental, with extremes in temperature (30 degrees in winter, 100 degrees in summer)

l  Admitted to Union: December 28, 1846

l  Population-2004 estimate: 2,954,451

l  Major industries: Manufacturing; agriculture; finance, insurance, and real estate; trade; services

 

l  Kansas堪萨斯州

l  Nickname: Sunflower State

l  Motto: Ad astra per aspera (To the stars through difficulties)

l  Flower: Native sunflower向日葵

l  Bird: Western meadowlark野云雀

l  Area: 82,276 square miles (2000; U.S. rank: 15th)

l  州府：托皮卡 Topeka
主要城市：威奇托  Wichita
 堪萨斯城  Kansas City
l  Climate: Temperate, but with seasonal extremes of temperature as well as blizzards, tornadoes, and severe thunderstorms; semi-arid in the west

l  Admitted to Union: January 29, 1861

l  Population-2004 estimate: 2,735,502

l  Major industries: Agriculture, oil production, mining, manufacturing

 

l  Kentucky肯塔基州

l  Nickname: Bluegrass State

l  Motto: United we stand, divided we fall

l  Flower: Goldenrod紫莞花

l  Bird: Cardinal北美红雀

l  Area: 39,728 square miles (2000, U.S. rank: 37th)

l  州府：法兰克福 frankfort
主要城市：路易斯维尔 Louisville
雷克星敦 Lexington

l  Climate: Temperate, with plentiful rainfall; occasional winter temperature extremes in the mountains

l  Admitted to Union: June 1, 1792

l  Population-2004 estimate: 4,145,922

l  Major industries: Food products, agriculture, coal mining, construction, manufacturing

 

l  Louisiana路易斯安那州

l  Nickname: Pelican State法国人后裔的乡村

l  Motto: Union, justice, and confidence

l  Flower: Magnolia南方木兰花

l  Bird: Eastern brown pelican鹈鹕

l  Area: 51,839.7 square miles (2000; U.S. rank: 31st)

l  州府：巴顿鲁治 Baton Rouge
主要城市：新奥尔良 New Orleans

l  Climate: Subtropical and humid, with long, hot summers and short, mild winters

l  Admitted to Union: April 30, 1812

l  Population 2004 estimate: 4,515,770

l  Major industries: Chemicals, construction, mining, transportation equipment, trade, government, manufacturing

 

l  Maine缅因州

l  Nickname: Pine Tree State

l  Motto: Dirigo (I direct)

l  Flower: White pine cone and tassel白松果和缨

l  Bird: Chickadee山雀

l  Area: 35,384 square miles (2000; U.S. rank: 39th)

l  州府：奥古斯塔 Augusta
主要城市：波特兰 Portland
          路易士顿 Lewiston
l  Climate: Mild summers, long, cold winters with occasional heavy snowfall

l  Admitted to Union: March 15, 1820

l  Population 2004 estimate: 1,317,253

l  Major industries: Services, manufacturing, agriculture, fishing, tourism

 

l  Maryland马里兰州

l  Nickname: Old Line State, Free State

l  Motto: Fatti maschii, parole femine (Manly deeds, womanly words)

l  Flower: Black-eyed susan黑眼苏珊花

l  Bird: Baltimore oriole金莺

l  Area: 12,407 square miles (2000; U.S. rank: 42nd)

l  州府：亚那里斯 Annapolis
主要城市：巴尔的摩 Baltimore
洛克威尔 rockville

 l  Climate: Temperate, with mild winters and hot summers; cooler in mountains

l  Admitted to Union: April 28, 1788

l  Population 2004 estimate: 5,558,058

l  Major industries: Electrical equipment, food products, transportation equipment, metals, tourism

 

l  Massachusetts马萨诸塞州

l  Nickname: Bay State, Old Colony

l  Motto: Ense Petit Placidam Sub Libertate Quietem (By the sword we seek peace, but peace only under liberty)

l  Flower: Mayflower五月花

l  Bird: Chickadee黑山雀

l  Area: 10,554 square miles (2000; U.S. rank: 44th)

l  州府：波士顿 Boston
主要城市：伍斯特 Worcester
斯普林菲尔德Springfield
l  Climate: Temperate, with a colder, drier climate in the western portion of the state

l  Admitted to Union: February 6, 1788

l  Population 2004 estimate: 6,416,505

l  Major industries: Services, trade, manufacturing, agriculture, tourism 

 

l  Michigan密歇根州

l  Nickname: Wolverine State; Great Lakes State

l  Motto: Si quaeris peninsulam amoenam circumspice (If you seek a pleasant peninsula, look about you)

l  Flower: Apple blossom

l  Bird: Robin知更鸟

l  Area: 96,716 square miles (11th)

l  州府：兰辛 Lansing主要城市：底特律 Detroi大急流城 Grand Rapids
l  Climate: Temperate with well-defined seasons, tempered by surrounding water; colder in upper peninsula

l  Admitted to Union: January 26, 1837

l  Population 2004 estimate: 10,112,620

l  Major industries: Manufacturing; trade; agriculture; finance, insurance, and real estate; services